Article
Physics, Applied
Kohei Ueno, Yusuke Masuda, Atsushi Kobayashi, Hiroshi Fujioka
Summary: We have successfully demonstrated the homoepitaxial growth of N-polar GaN and its Si doping by pulsed sputtering deposition (PSD). The surface migration was enhanced by a pulsed supply of precursors, allowing step-flow growth even on N-polar GaN bulk substrates with small miscut angles. The heavily Si-doped N-polar GaN film showed a record-low resistivity and high electron mobility, making it promising for future applications like the source/drain of high-performance N-polar GaN HEMTs.
APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Subhajit Mohanty, Kamruzzaman Khan, Elaheh Ahmadi
Summary: In recent years, GaN has become the material of choice for high power switching, high power RF and lighting applications. N-polar nitride heterostructures can provide benefits for these applications due to their intrinsic material properties. This article reviews the electronic and optical properties of N-polar (In, Ga, Al)N thin films and heterostructures, as well as the techniques used for their epitaxial growth. It also presents important process technologies developed for fabrication of N-polar GaN high electron mobility transistors.
PROGRESS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Camille Barbier, Ludovic Largeau, Noelle Gogneau, Laurent Travers, Christophe David, Ali Madouri, Dyhia Tamsaout, Jean-Christophe Girard, Guillemin Rodary, Hervei Montigaud, Christophe Durand, Maria Tchernycheva, Frank Glas, Jean-Christophe Harmand
Summary: This study investigates the nucleation of GaN nanostructures on graphene as growth substrates for semiconductors. By using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy, the incubation time before the epitaxy of the first GaN islands is explored. It is found that graphene is modified after nitrogen plasma exposure, and C-N bonds are identified. The adhesion between graphene and GaN nanostructures is found to be strong due to the incorporation of pyridinic N atoms in the lattice. This work demonstrates the modification of a graphene monolayer before nucleation and growth of GaN nanowires becomes possible.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Crystallography
Chengguo Li
Summary: A metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy process of polarity inversion from Ga- to N-polar is achieved by exposing the Ga-polar surface to Mg and ammonia flows. By predepositing a Mg-rich thin layer on the Ga-polar surface, a full polarity inversion is achieved during the subsequent GaN overgrowth. This technique can be used in the growth of a hybrid polarity structured ultraviolet-light-emitting diode.
CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. V. Seredin, N. S. Buylov, D. L. Goloshchapov, S. A. Ivkov, E. P. Matyukhina, I. N. Arsentyev, A. V. Nashchekin, Sh. Sh. Sharofidinov, A. M. Mizerov, E. V. Pirogov, M. S. Sobolev
Summary: In this study, we investigated the effects of a non-polar m-plane sapphire substrate on the properties of HVPE growth and the characteristics of the GaN epitaxial film. We successfully obtained high-quality semipolar GaN samples on the m-sapphire substrate and determined their structural and optical properties. The optimization of the technological methodology may present a promising approach for the growth of high-quality GaN structures on large area m-sapphire substrates.
Article
Physics, Applied
T. Auzelle, C. Sinito, J. Laehnemann, G. Gao, T. Flissikowski, A. Trampert, S. Fernandez-Garrido, O. Brandt
Summary: We compared the properties of GaN/(Al,Ga)N multiple quantum wells grown by PA MBE and found that different polarity samples are comparable in terms of their morphological and structural perfection. At room temperature, N-polar samples exhibit better performance.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ping Wang, Ding Wang, Shubham Mondal, Zetian Mi
Summary: In this study, robust ferroelectricity was demonstrated in single-crystalline thin films. The crystallographic alignment was confirmed using x-ray diffraction measurements. The highly uniform coercive field and remnant polarization were observed in the nearly lattice-matched heterostructure. The reliability of the ferroelectricity was systematically characterized and showed negligible degradation after a large number of switching cycles. This research provides a feasible pathway for fully epitaxial integration of ferroelectricity into nitride heterostructures, with important applications in various fields.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joonghoon Choi, Junseok Jeong, Xiangyu Zhu, Junghwan Kim, Bong Kyun Kang, Qingxiao Wang, Bo-In Park, Seokje Lee, Jekyung Kim, Hyunseok Kim, Jinkyoung Yoo, Gyu-Chul Yi, Dong-Seon Lee, Jeehwan Kim, Suklyun Hong, Moon J. Kim, Young Joon Hong
Summary: This study investigates the thermochemical stability of graphene on GaN substrate and discovers the unexpected stability of graphene on N-polar GaN, enabling the remote homoepitaxy of N-polar GaN via MOCVD. Comparative analysis of N- and Ga-polar GaN substrates reveals different outcomes, attributed to the polarity-dependent thermochemical stability of graphene on GaN substrate. Evidence from spectroscopy and microscopy supports the pronounced thermochemical stability of graphene on N-polar GaN. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm the dependence of graphene's thermochemical stability on GaN polarity. The practical application of the study is demonstrated in the fabrication of flexible light-emitting diodes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ali Imran, Muhammad Sulaman, Muhammad Yousaf, Muhammad Abid Anwar, Muhammad Qasim, Ghulam Dastgeer, Kossi A. A. Min-Dianey, Baoyu Wang, Xinqiang Wang
Summary: The demand for high mobility semiconductors has increased due to the fabrication of high-speed electronic and communication devices. Indium nitride (InN) could be a potential candidate for industrial applications due to its simple and low-cost fabrication process, as well as unique electronic properties such as narrow direct bandgap and high electron mobility. The experimental results demonstrate the high quality and high mobility of the InN film, making it a potential candidate for high-speed electronic/optoelectronic devices.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Irene Manglano Clavero, Christoph Margenfeld, Jana Hartmann, Andreas Waag
Summary: This study investigates the influence of temperature and ammonia partial pressure on the morphology of GaN shell grown on GaN microfin cores. It is shown that growth above 1000 degrees C is determined by the competition between growth and decomposition, leading to material redistribution between different surfaces. Decomposition processes are found to strongly influence the vertical-to-lateral distribution of material during GaN growth on 3D structures. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding thermal decomposition processes and material redistribution for controlling and optimizing growth on these architectures.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pojung Lin, Jiazhe Liu, Hongche Lin, Zhiyuan Chuang, Wenching Hsu, Yiche Chen, Poliang Liu, Rayhua Horng
Summary: In this study, GaN-based epitaxial structures were grown on high-resistivity silicon (HRSi) substrates by met-alorganic chemical vapor deposition. The p-type parasitic channels generated at the interfaces of the aluminum nitride (AlN) nucleation layers and HRSi substrates were characterized. A 2-nm thick silicon nitride (SiNx) layer was used to suppress the Al diffusion and prevent the generation of p-type parasitic channels. The insertion loss of the optimized structure was only 0.04 dB/mm higher than that of the annealed HRSi substrate at 10 GHz.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
T. Hamachi, T. Tohei, Y. Hayashi, M. Imanishi, S. Usami, Y. Mori, N. Ikarashi, A. Sakai
Summary: The study investigated the propagation behavior of threading dislocations (TDs) in Na-flux-grown GaN and commercially available HVPE-grown GaN, revealing a correlation between TD morphology and Burgers vectors. Unique TDs with specific Burgers vectors were observed using advanced electron diffraction techniques. The inclinations of TDs were affected by the crystal structure, leading to different morphologies in different types of HVPE-grown GaN crystals.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
F. Mirkhosravi, A. Rashidi, A. T. Elshafiey, J. Gallagher, Z. Abedi, K. Ahn, A. Lintereur, E. K. Mace, M. A. Scarpulla, D. Feezell
Summary: Studies on the radiation tolerance and electrical behavior of GaN-based devices are crucial for the development of next-generation high-power and high-voltage electronics that are likely to be exposed to severe environments. This research investigates the electrical characteristics of Ga-polar and N-polar GaN Schottky diodes before and after neutron irradiation. The results indicate that the reverse leakage current decreases significantly and the differential resistance increases in the forward bias after neutron irradiation. The study also reveals that the electrical responses of Ga-polar and N-polar diodes to fast and thermal neutron irradiations differ.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jianjie Li, Yu Xu, Jiahao Tao, Xin Cai, Yuning Wang, Guobin Wang, Bing Cao, Ke Xu
Summary: The quality of GaN films was improved by using a graphene mask, but the graphene was gradually destroyed during growth. However, the graphene effectively blocked dislocations from entering the film, resulting in improved quality of the GaN films.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yekan Wang, Michael E. Liao, Kenny Huynh, William Olsen, James C. Gallagher, Travis J. Anderson, Xianrong Huang, Michael J. Wojcik, Mark S. Goorsky
Summary: This study investigates the effects of substrate defect density and distribution on the reverse leakage behavior of GaN vertical devices. The results show that the substrate defect density and distribution play important roles in the device leakage current. Substrates with inhomogeneous but predictable defect density have significant implications for high device performance.
ECS JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Sang-Jo Kim, Kwang Jae Lee, Semi Oh, Jang-Hwang Han, Dong-Seon Lee, Seong-Ju Park
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jun Sung Jang, Jihun Kim, Uma Ghorpade, Hyeong Ho Shin, Myeng Gil Gang, Sang Deok Park, Hyeong-Jin Kim, Dong Seon Lee, Jin Hyeok Kim
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Woo-Lim Jeong, Jung-Hong Min, Hoe-Min Kwak, Ye-Jin Jeon, Hyo-Ju Lee, Kyung-Pil Kim, Je-Sung Lee, Seok-Jin Kang, Dong-Yu Kim, Dong-Seon Lee
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2019)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jihun Kim, Junsung Jang, Dong Seon Lee, Jong Ha Moon, Hyeong-Jin Kim, Jin Hyeok Kim
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jeong-Hwan Park, Jun-Yeob Lee, Mun-Do Park, Jung-Hong Min, Je-Sung Lee, Xu Yang, Seokjin Kang, Sang-Jo Kim, Woo-Lim Jeong, Hiroshi Amano, Dong-Seon Lee
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Soo Cheol Kang, Donghwan Lim, Seok Jin Kang, Sang Kyung Lee, Changhwan Choi, Dong Seon Lee, Byoung Hun Lee
IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Soyeong Jeong, Suhyun Jung, Hongkyu Kang, Sang-Bae Choi, Soonil Hong, Jinho Lee, Kilho Yu, Nara Kim, Seyoung Kee, Dong-Seon Lee, Kwanghee Lee
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jung-Hong Min, Woo-Lim Jeong, Kiyoung Kim, Je-Sung Lee, Kyung-Pil Kim, Jihun Kim, Myeng Gil Gang, Chang Woo Hong, Jin Hyeok Kim, Dong-Seon Lee
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2020)
Article
Crystallography
Mun-Do Park, Jung-Wook Min, Jun-Yeob Lee, Hyeong-Yong Hwang, Cihyun Kim, Seokjin Kang, Chang-Mo Kang, Jeong-Hwan Park, Young-Dahl Jho, Dong-Seon Lee
JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zongxing Huang, Zhibai Zhong, Huachun Wang, Shiqiang Lu, Jun Wang, Guozhen Liu, Tongbo Wei, Jianchang Yan, Jung-Hong Min, Woo Lim Jeong, Dong-Seon Lee, Xuefen Cai, Fuchun Xu, Xiaohong Chen, Duanjun Cai, Junxi Wang, Junyong Kang
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Optics
Jang-Hwan Han, Jae-Joon Kim, Young-Chul Leem, Sang-Jo Kim, Wonyoung Kwak, Woo-Lim Jeong, BeongKi Cho, Dong-Seon Lee, Seong-Ju Park
Article
Optics
Jang-Hwan Han, Na-Yeong Kim, Sang-Jo Kim, Wonyoung Kwak, BeongKi Cho, Seong-Ju Park, Dong-Seon Lee
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Woo-Lim Jeong, Kyung-Pil Kim, Jung-Hong Min, Jun-Yeob Lee, Seung-Hyun Mun, Jeong-Hwan Park, Jang-Hwan Han, Won-Kyu Park, Sewang Yoon, Dong-Seon Lee
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jihun Kim, Junsung Jang, Mahesh P. Suryawanshi, Mingrui He, Jaeyeong Heo, Dong Seon Lee, Hyo Rim Jung, Eunae Jo, Myeng Gil Gang, Jin Hyeok Kim, Hyeong-Jin Kim
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dae-Myeong Geum, Seong Kwang Kim, Chang-Mo Kang, Seung-Hyun Moon, Jihoon Kyhm, JaeHoon Han, Dong-Seon Lee, SangHyeon Kim