期刊
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
卷 87, 期 6, 页码 2281-2292出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2698-9
关键词
Cocoa fermentation; Lactic acid bacteria; Acetic acid bacteria; Enterobacteria; 16 S rRNA gene clone library sequencing; PCR-DGGE
资金
- Research Council of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel [GOA47]
- Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders and Barry-Callebaut
Cocoa bean fermentation is a spontaneous process involving a succession of microbial activities, starting with yeasts, followed by lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria. So far, all microbiological studies about cocoa bean fermentation were based on culture-dependent (isolation, cultivation, and identification), or, more recently, culture-independent (PCR-DGGE, or polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) methods. Using a metagenomic approach, total DNA was extracted from heap and box fermentations at different time points and from different locations (Ghana and Brazil, respectively) to generate a 16 S rDNA clone library that was sequenced. The sequencing data revealed a low bacterial diversity in the fermentation samples and were in accordance with the results obtained through culture-dependent and a second, culture-independent analysis (PCR-DGGE), suggesting that almost all bacteria involved in the fermentation process are cultivable. One exception was the identification by 16 S rDNA library sequencing of Gluconacetobacter species of acetic acid bacteria that were not detected by the two other approaches. The presence of Enterobacteriaceae related to Erwinia/Pantoea/Tatumella, as revealed by 16 S rDNA library sequencing, suggests an impact of these bacteria on fermentation.
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