Article
Immunology
Iivo Hetemaki, Ching Jian, Saila Laakso, Outi Makitie, Anne-Maria Pajari, Willem M. de Vos, T. Petteri Arstila, Anne Salonen
Summary: The gut microbiota of patients with APECED is altered and enriched with predominantly gram-negative bacterial taxa, which may promote biofilm formation and increased exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the patients. Significant differences in the microbiota were associated with more severe gastrointestinal symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ziyu Ma, Muhammad Akhtar, Hong Pan, Qiyao Liu, Yan Chen, Xinxin Zhou, Yingting You, Deshi Shi, Huazhen Liu
Summary: Intestinal inflammation is a concerning issue in chicken production worldwide and is associated with Th17/Treg cell imbalance. This study found that reshaping gut microbiota through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) improved chicken growth by balancing Th17/Treg cells. Transferring fecal microbiota from healthy donors with better growth performance and abundant Lactobacillus to young chicks significantly increased growth performance, decreased Th17 cell-associated factors and cytokines, and increased Treg cell-associated factors and cytokines in the jejunum.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Pinfeng Liao, Kang Yang, Hongcan Huang, Zhongquan Xin, Shiyan Jian, Chaoyu Wen, Shansong He, Lingna Zhang, Baichuan Deng
Summary: In this study, the impact of different dietary change methods on the gastrointestinal response of puppies was evaluated. It was found that a gradual transition reduced the incidence of diarrhea and the concentration of isovaleric acid in puppies. The composition of the fecal microbiota was also changed after different dietary changes, with beneficial bacteria increased after a gradual transition. Both gradual and abrupt changes caused changes in amino acid metabolism, while only the abrupt change altered lipid metabolism. The findings suggest that a gradual transition can reduce diarrhea rate in puppies by modulating the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew R. Stutz, Nicholas P. Dylla, Steven D. Pearson, Paola Lecompte-Osorio, Ravi Nayak, Maryam Khalid, Emerald Adler, Jaye Boissiere, Huaiying Lin, William Leiter, Jessica Little, Amber Rose, David Moran, Michael W. Mullowney, Krysta S. Wolfe, Christopher Lehmann, Matthew Odenwald, Mark De la Cruz, Mihai Giurcanu, Anne S. Pohlman, Jesse B. Hall, Jean-Luc Chaubard, Anitha Sundararajan, Ashley Sidebottom, John P. Kress, Eric G. Pamer, Bhakti K. Patel
Summary: This study demonstrates that the composition of fecal microbiota and the concentrations of microbiota-derived metabolites can predict the trajectory of respiratory function and death in patients with severe SARS-Cov-2 infection, highlighting the importance of the gut-lung axis in the recovery from COVID-19.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Vinod Metta, Valentina Leta, Kandadai Rukmini Mrudula, L. K. Prashanth, Vinay Goyal, Rupam Borgohain, Guy Chung-Faye, K. Ray Chaudhuri
Summary: Gastrointestinal symptoms and gut dysbiosis may precede motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), potentially serving as early biomarkers. Environmental toxins and gut dysbiosis can trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, and early alpha-synuclein accumulation in the enteric nervous system, leading to neuro inflammation and neuro degeneration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Zahra Dossaji, Adam Khattak, Kyaw Min Tun, Mark Hsu, Kavita Batra, Annie S. S. Hong
Summary: There is a high prevalence of gastrointestinal-related symptoms among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and these symptoms are associated with the severity of behavioral symptoms. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a potential therapeutic strategy for addressing gut microbiome dysregulation in pediatric patients with ASD. A systematic review found that FMT led to significant improvements in both behavioral and gastrointestinal symptoms in these patients. These findings suggest that FMT holds promise as an intervention for treating pediatric patients with autism.
Article
Immunology
Ning Li, Hongyan Chen, Yi Cheng, Fenghua Xu, Guangcong Ruan, Senhong Ying, Wen Tang, Lu Chen, Minjia Chen, LinLing Lv, Yi Ping, Dongfeng Chen, Yanling Wei
Summary: This study found that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can improve gastrointestinal symptoms and behavioral symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without causing severe complications. FMT may be a promising therapeutic strategy to improve the symptoms of patients with ASD by altering gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaohong Huang, Heng-wei Cheng
Summary: This study discusses how maternal risk factors affect microbial development during the embryonic period, which in turn has long-term effects on the psychosocial behaviors of offspring. Due to ethical reasons, it is not possible to directly study this impact in humans, so using chicken embryos as an alternative for research has advantages.
Article
Oncology
Ningning Li, Chunmei Bai, Lin Zhao, Yuping Ge, Xiaoyuan Li
Summary: The incidence and mortality of gastrointestinal tumors are high in China. This study investigates the correlation between gut microbiota and gastrointestinal tumors in the Chinese population. Significant differences in the composition and abundance of fecal microbiota were found between gastrointestinal cancer patients and healthy controls. Specific microbial markers were identified that may potentially be used as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers to distinguish GI cancer patients from healthy individuals.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Guadalupe Sanchez-Terron, Remigio Martinez, Jorge Ruiz, Carolina Luna, Mario Estevez
Summary: High intake of dietary sugars impairs protein digestion and alters the physiological digestion process in the gastrointestinal tract, while also increasing oxidative stress levels, modifying the gut microbiota, and altering colonic metabolomics.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tatiana Galperine, Yangji Choi, Jean-Luc Pagani, Antonios Kritikos, Matthaios Papadimitriou-Olivgeris, Marie Mean, Valentin Scherz, Onya Opota, Gilbert Greub, Benoit Guery, Claire Bertelli, Florian RegCOVID Study Grp, Pierre-Yves Bochud, Florian Desgranges, Paraskevas Filippidis, David Haefliger, Eleftheria-Evdokia Kampouri, Oriol Manuel, Aline Munting, Jean Regina, Laurence Rochat-Stettler, Veronique Suttels, Eliana Tadini, Jonathan Tschopp, Mathias Van Singer, Benjamin Viala, Peter Vollenweider
Summary: This study describes the characteristics of the gut microbiota in COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the gut microbiota composition between COVID-19 patients and control groups. Furthermore, disease severity is negatively correlated with butyrate-producing bacteria. These findings provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lilly M. Verhagen, Ismar A. Rivera-Olivero, Melanie Clerc, Mei Ling J. N. Chu, Jody van Engelsdorp Gastelaars, Maartje Kristensen, Guy A. M. Berbers, Peter W. M. Hermans, Marien de Jonge, Jacobus H. de Waard, Debby Bogaert
Summary: Recent research suggests that microbiota plays a role in susceptibility to respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal infections. The nasopharyngeal microbiota of rural Venezuelan children includes bacteria typical of tropical climates, with some similarities and differences compared to developed regions.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nikki Renall, Blair Lawley, Tommi Vatanen, Benedikt Merz, Jeroen Douwes, Marine Corbin, Lisa Te Morenga, Rozanne Kruger, Bernhard H. Breier, Gerald W. Tannock
Summary: Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The composition and capacity of the colonic microbiota may contribute to its development. This study found that the fecal microbiotas of women in Auckland, New Zealand, can be classified into three distinct enterotypes, which are associated with BMI, body fat composition, and ethnicity. These differences may be influenced by dietary intake and fecal consistency/colonic transit time.
Review
Immunology
Paulina Zebrowska, Izabela Laczmanska, Lukasz Laczmanski
Summary: FMT is a new therapeutic approach for children with gastrointestinal diseases and autism spectrum disorders, showing potential in relieving GI symptoms and aiding in treating autism-related behavioral symptoms. Despite promising outcomes, there are risks, unknown long-term effects, and a need for further research in this area.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Shujuan Wang, Yanjie Shang, Zhiyun Pi, Ziqi Zhou, Xiangyan Zhang, Lipin Ren, Weibo Liang, Yadong Guo, Jifeng Cai, Changquan Zhang
Summary: A mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can increase the risk of neurodegenerative-related disease, and serious long-term outcomes are often overlooked. Recent research has revealed that the oral cavity and fecal microbiota play a fundamental role in deeply interconnecting the gut and brain injury. We investigated the relationship between the temporal changes of the oral cavity and fecal bacterial communities with damage identification and post-injury time estimation after mTBI.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Anna Dysvik, Kristian Hovde Liland, Kristine S. Myhrer, Bjorge Westereng, Elting-Olav Rukke, Gert de Rouck, Trude Wicklund
JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING
(2019)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Anna Dysvik, Sabina Leanti La Rosa, Fanny Buffetto, Kristian Hovde Liland, Kristine S. Myhrer, Elling-Olav Rukke, Trude Wicklund, Bjorge Westereng
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Anna Dysvik, Sabina Leanti La Rosa, Kristian Hovde Liland, Kristine S. Myhrer, Hilde Marit Ostlie, Gert De Rouck, Elling-Olav Rukke, Bjorge Westereng, Trude Wicklund
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Anna Dysvik, Sabina Leanti La Rosa, Gert De Rouck, Elling-Olav Rukke, Bjorge Westereng, Trude Wicklund
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leszek Michalak, Sabina Leanti La Rosa, Shaun Leivers, Lars Jordhoy Lindstad, Asmund Kjendseth Rohr, Finn Lillelund Aachmann, Bjorge Westereng
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Oda K. Svennevik, Pal J. Nilsen, Odd E. Solheim, Bjorge Westereng, Svein J. Horn
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bjorge Westereng, Stjepan K. Kracun, Shaun Leivers, Magnus O. Arntzen, Finn L. Aachmann, Vincent G. H. Eijsink
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Leidy Lagos, Sabina Leanti La Rosa, Magnus O. Arntzen, Ragnhild Anestad, Nicolas Terrapon, John Christian Gaby, Bjorge Westereng
Review
Environmental Sciences
Lauren S. McKee, Sabina Leanti La Rosa, Bjorge Westereng, Vincent G. Eijsink, Phillip B. Pope, Johan Larsbrink
Summary: The Bacteroidetes phylum is known for its ability to degrade complex carbohydrates, especially in the human gut microbiome. They use PULs and T9SS to rapidly degrade polysaccharides and gain competitive advantages through enzyme secretion and gliding motility.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Lars J. Lindstad, Galiana Lo, Shaun Leivers, Zijia Lu, Leszek Michalak, Gabriel V. Pereira, Asmund K. Rohr, Eric C. Martens, Lauren S. McKee, Petra Louis, Sylvia H. Duncan, Bjorge Westereng, Phillip B. Pope, Sabina Leanti La Rosa
Summary: The study demonstrates that the dominant butyrate producer Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the human gut is able to acquire and degrade various beta-mannooligosaccharides, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of beta-mannan metabolism and the cross-feeding interactions between beneficial microbes in the human gut. The findings highlight the importance of microbial metabolism of beta-mannans/beta-MOS as a common dietary component, offering potential insights for developing dietary formulations that may boost this beneficial symbiont and butyrate production in the gut.
Article
Biology
Maria Dalgaard Mikkelsen, Jesper Harholt, Bjorge Westereng, David Domozych, Stephen C. Fry, Ida Elisabeth Johansen, Jonatan U. Fangel, Mateusz Lezyk, Tao Feng, Louise Nancke, Jorn D. Mikkelsen, William G. T. Willats, Peter Ulvskov
Summary: The study provides evidence for the evolution of xyloglucan (XyG) in charophyte algae, showcasing the discovery of orthologs responsible for XyG production and the structural elucidation of XyG in various CGA. Additionally, the presence of xyloglucan fucosylation in Mesotaenium caldariorum suggests a late evolutionary elaboration of XyG structure.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Simon Ballance, Yudong Lu, Hanne Zobel, Anne Rieder, Svein Halvor Knutsen, Vlad T. Dinu, Bjorn E. Christensen, Ann-Sissel Ulset, Marius Schmid, Ndegwa Maina, Antje Potthast, Sonja Schiehser, Peter R. Ellis, Stephen E. Harding
Summary: This study compared different methods for determining the weight-average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of cereal beta-glucan isolates. The results showed that most methods yielded similar Mw values, except for one AF4 method that detected the presence of aggregates. The analysis indicated that the beta-glucan molecules were primarily in a random coil conformation and exhibited stability during storage.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
John Kristian Jameson, Geir Mathiesen, Phillip B. Pope, Bjorge Westereng, Sabina Leanti La Rosa
Summary: Lactose, the most abundant by-product of the dairy industry, can be converted into valuable prebiotics lactulose and epilactose using cellobiose 2-epimerases (CEases). In this study, two CEases from thermophilic and mesophilic microorganisms were characterized. The optimal conditions for lactose conversion and product yields varied between the two enzymes at different temperatures.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Oda K. Svennevik, Kjell R. Jonassen, Kine Svensson, Live H. Hagen, Bjorge Westereng, Odd Egil Solheim, Pal J. Nilsen, Svein J. Horn, Lars Bakken
Summary: This study investigated the impact of adding compost on controlling pathogen growth in biosolids produced from post-anaerobic digestion thermal hydrolysis process. The results showed that compost addition suppressed the growth of E. coli, reducing the time to meet regulatory requirements.
WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leszek Michalak, John Christian Gaby, Leidy Lagos, Sabina Leanti La Rosa, Torgeir R. Hvidsten, Catherine Tetard-Jones, William G. T. Willats, Nicolas Terrapon, Vincent Lombard, Bernard Henrissat, Johannes Droge, Magnus Overlie Arntzen, Live Heldal Hagen, Margareth Overland, Phillip B. Pope, Bjorge Westereng
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)