Article
Microbiology
Meiliang Gong, Yingjie Han, Xuning Wang, Hongjin Tao, Fansen Meng, Baicun Hou, Benjamin B. Sun, Gangshi Wang
Summary: Increasing temperature can inhibit the growth of H. pylori and reduce its resistance to metronidazole. Redox pathways may play a potential role in temperature-induced changes in metronidazole resistance.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yuan-Yuan Dai, Chun Qin, Gan-Rong Huang, Yan-Chun Qin, Yong-Yi Huang, Yan-Qiang Huang, Li-Juan Zhao
Summary: A newly prepared compound, linolenic acid-metronidazole (Lla-Met), has a relatively strong antibacterial effect on metronidazole-resistant and sensitive Helicobacter pylori (Hp), and it can reduce the colonization of drug-resistant Hp in gastric mucosa.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Lyudmila Boyanova, Petyo Hadzhiyski, Raina Gergova, Rumyana Markovska
Summary: Antibiotic resistance among Helicobacter pylori strains varies across countries and over time. Resistance to different antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, tetracycline, and levofloxacin, shows diverse trends in different countries. Factors such as non-recommended regimens, national antibiotic consumption, patient compliance, host factors, strain virulence, migrations, and azithromycin overuse during the COVID-19 pandemic can influence resistance evolution. New drugs, eradication regimens, and diagnostic methods, such as next-generation sequencing, have the potential to improve H. pylori infection control.
Article
Immunology
Zeyuan Huang, Yulin Zhu, Xinhang Li, Zihui Yao, Ruiguang Ge
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of metronidazole resistance of H. pylori through transcriptomics and biochemical characterizations. A metronidazole-resistant H. pylori strain was domesticated and compared to a sensitive strain. Transcriptomic sequencing identified 374 significantly differential genes, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed antibiotic-resistance pathways mainly involved in redox, biofilm formation, and ABC transportation. Biochemical analysis confirmed decreased urease activity and increased bacterial energy production, membrane production, and diffusion ability in the drug-resistant strain.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
D. Shawky, A. M. Salamah, S. M. Abd-Elsalam, E. Habba, M. H. Elnaggar, A. A. Elsawy, N. Baiomy, M. M. Bahaa, R. M. Gamal
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of a new nitazoxanide-based treatment regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection compared to the current metronidazole-based regimen. The results showed that the nitazoxanide group had higher eradication rates and lower risk of resistant infection than the metronidazole group, although the difference was not substantial in this particular group of patients.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gyu Young Pih, Kee Don Choi, Eun Jeong Gong, Hee Kyong Na, Ji Yong Ahn, Jeong Hoon Lee, Kee Wook Jung, Do Hoon Kim, Ho June Song, Gin Hyug Lee, Hwoon-Yong Jung
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a modified twice-a-day BQT-2 regimen with low-dose metronidazole as the first-line therapy for H pylori eradication. The compliance rate was high, but the eradication rate was suboptimal with high rates of resistance to metronidazole.
Review
Microbiology
Jinnan Chen, Puheng Li, Yu Huang, Yixian Guo, Zhaohui Ding, Hong Lu
Summary: The aim of this study was to observe the primary antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in different regions and time periods of China. The results showed that the resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole was high and increased over time, while resistance to levofloxacin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, and furazolidone remained stable.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jun-Hyung Cho, So Young Jin, Suyeon Park
Summary: The study compared the success rate, adverse drug events, and cost-effectiveness of tailored Helicobacter pylori eradication and modified bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, finding that PAM-B therapy showed similar efficacy and improved cost-effectiveness compared to tailored therapy based on the results of DPO-PCR tests.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marta Gomez-Ruiz de Arbulo, Esther Tamayo, Luis Bujanda, Leire Mendibil, Josune Mendiola, Gustavo Cilla, Milagrosa Montes
Summary: Helicobacter pylori gastritis is considered an infectious disease, and the study aimed to provide clinically useful information about primary and secondary antimicrobial resistance. The research findings showed steady rates of primary resistance to some antimicrobials and an increase in secondary resistance, highlighting the importance of tailored therapy and the need to limit antimicrobial resistance.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Yifan Lin, Yongfu Shao, Jianing Yan, Guoliang Ye
Summary: Increasing rates of Helicobacter pylori resistance pose clinical challenges, with mutations, efflux pumps, and biofilms being the major factors. Mutations in genes related to nucleic acid synthesis, rRNA coding, and cell wall synthesis allow H. pylori to evade bactericidal effects. These mechanisms are closely related to the activation of efflux pumps and biofilm formation, leading to the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains. This review summarizes and compares antibiotic resistance in H. pylori from different regions, discusses the underlying biomolecular mechanisms, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies, and addresses the challenges and potential solutions for combating resistance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Luis Bujanda, Olga P. Nyssen, Dino Vaira, Ilaria M. Saracino, Giulia Fiorini, Frode Lerang, Sotirios Georgopoulos, Bojan Tepes, Frederic Heluwaert, Antonio Gasbarrini, Theodore Rokkas, Dmitry Bordin, Sinead Smith, Vincent Lamy, Maria Caldas, Elena Resina, Raquel Munoz, Angel Cosme, Ignasi Puig, Francis Megraud, Colm O'Morain, Javier P. Gisbert
Summary: The study found that culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing for Helicobacter pylori are rarely performed (<10%) in Europe. In naive patients, Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin remained above 15% throughout the period 2013-2020 and resistance to levofloxacin, as well as dual or triple resistances, were high. A progressive decrease in metronidazole resistance was observed.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Evariste Tshibangu-Kabamba, Yoshio Yamaoka
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is a major human pathogen with increasing antibiotic resistance posing a serious threat to human health. The resistance mechanisms include single drug resistance, multidrug resistance, and heteroresistance, primarily related to mutational changes and target-mediated mechanisms. Further research is needed to explore additional biological attributes driving drug resistance in H. pylori for better treatment outcomes.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaoli Shu, Diya Ye, Chenmin Hu, Kerong Peng, Hong Zhao, Huamei Li, Mizu Jiang
Summary: The study investigated the antibiotic resistance among children with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in southeast China from 2015 to 2020. The results showed a linear increase in antibiotic resistance rates, especially to clarithromycin and metronidazole.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Veronique Yvette Miendje Deyi, Ruffin Ntounda, Hubert Louis, Nsimire L. Kahegeshe, Marcel Nkuize, Alain Burette, Kalliroy Kotilea, Marc Van Gossum, Myriam Delhaye, Patrick Bontems
Summary: This manuscript summarizes the current primary resistance of Helicobacter pylori to antibiotics in Brussels in 2021. The resistance rates were estimated to be 18% for clarithromycin, 24% for levofloxacin, 52% for metronidazole, and 0% for amoxicillin and tetracycline. Compared to 2016, the resistance rates remained stable, except for a 30% increase in metronidazole resistance. (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yanan Gong, Kangle Zhai, Lu Sun, Lihua He, Hairui Wang, Yahui Guo, Jianzhong Zhang
Summary: Increased resistance to metronidazole impairs the efficacy of H. pylori eradication, and increasing the dose of metronidazole may not overcome this resistance in highly resistant strains and may lead to more adverse effects. The study found that truncated mutations in the rdxA gene can effectively identify patients with high-level metronidazole resistance, allowing for personalized treatment and avoiding unnecessary increases in metronidazole dosage.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Natalia Castano-Rodriguez, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Nadeem O. Kaakoush
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Fox, Anukriti Mathur, Yansong Xue, Yunqi Liu, Wei Hong Tan, Shouya Feng, Abhimanu Pandey, Chinh Ngo, Jenni A. Hayward, Ines I. Atmosukarto, Jason D. Price, Matthew D. Johnson, Nadja Jessberger, Avril A. B. Robertson, Gaetan Burgio, David C. Tscharke, Edward M. Fox, Denisse L. Leyton, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Erwin Maertlbauer, Stephen H. Leppla, Si Ming Man
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah-Jane Leigh, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Michael J. Bertoldo, R. Frederick Westbrook, Margaret J. Morris
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Irina Leonardi, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Itai Doron, Alexa Semon, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Jose C. Clemente, Jeremiah J. Faith, Thomas J. Borody, Hazel M. Mitchell, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Michael A. Kamm, Iliyan D. Iliev
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2020)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nadeem O. Kaakoush
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah-Jane Leigh, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, R. Frederick Westbrook, Margaret J. Morris
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Craig Haifer, Aiasha Saikal, Ramesh Paramsothy, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Rupert W. Leong, Thomas J. Borody, Michael A. Kamm, Sudarshan Paramsothy
Article
Microbiology
Craig Haifer, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Thomas J. Borody, Annabel Clancy, Rupert W. Leong, Nadeem O. Kaakoush
Summary: Oral lyophilized fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective in treating Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), improving microbial diversity and resulting in durable engraftment up to 6 months post-treatment, with better efficacy observed in primary CDI compared to recurrent cases. Changes in bacterial and fungal communities are associated with therapy outcomes.
Review
Cell Biology
Laurence Don Wai Luu, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Natalia Castano-Rodriguez
Summary: Macroautophagy/autophagy is a crucial cell process for human health, and ATG16L2, a protein related to autophagy, plays a significant role in various cancers and chronic diseases. However, there is still limited research on ATG16L2, and its function in autophagy remains unknown.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Craig Haifer, Laurence Don Wai Luu, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Thomas J. Borody, Rupert W. Leong, Nadeem O. Kaakoush
Summary: This study characterized the differences in gut microbiota between two FMT donors and found that donor microbiota stability and species evenness were associated with therapeutic efficacy in UC. These findings have important implications for improving FMT donor selection.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Valentina Rodriguez Paris, Xin Yi Denise Wong, Samantha M. Solon-Biet, Melissa C. Edwards, Ali Aflatounian, Robert B. Gilchrist, Stephen J. Simpson, David J. Handelsman, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Kirsty A. Walters
Summary: The study found that diet influences gut microbiota diversity, but overall gut microbiota composition is affected by PCOS pathology. The role of the gut microbiome in the development of PCOS traits was explored, and PCOS-like mice transplanted with healthy fecal microbiota did not show improvement in PCOS traits.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Michael D. Kendig, Kyoko Hasebe, Aynaz Tajaddini, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, R. Frederick Westbrook, Margaret J. Morris
Summary: This study examines the effects of a diet switch intervention in a rat model of maternal obesity. The results show that the intervention leads to reductions in body weight and adiposity, improvements in place recognition memory, and changes in gut microbiota composition.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Laurence D. W. Luu, Harveen Singh, Natalia Castano-Rodriguez, Steven T. Leach, Stephen M. Riordan, Nicodemus Tedla, Usha Krishnan, Nadeem O. Kaakoush
Summary: This study investigates the diversity of upper gastrointestinal microbiotas in pediatric patients. It finds significant differences in bacterial diversity and composition among oral, esophageal, and gastric samples, while fungi show no replication of these differences. Reflux leads to increased homogeneity in the bacterial component of these microbiotas. Oral and esophageal microbiotas are associated with age, sex, history of esophageal atresia, and the presence of esophageal metaplasia. Proton pump inhibitor use is associated with increased oral bacterial richness in the gastric fluid and increased levels of gastric pro-inflammatory cytokines.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
John David Chetwood, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Craig Haifer, Rupert W. Leong, Nadeem O. Kaakoush
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simon Ghaly, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Prue H. Hart
PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)