Article
Immunology
Nina Gillis-Germitsch, Tobias Kockmann, Lars M. Asmis, Lucienne Tritten, Manuela Schnyder
Summary: The proteomic characterization of Angiostrongylus vasorum excretory/secretory proteins (ESP) and surface proteins revealed that they are not solely responsible for bleeding in dogs, and have limited interaction with the host's vascular hemostasis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristen N. LeGault, Zachary K. Barth, Peter DePaola, Kimberley D. Seed
Summary: This study reveals an unknown mechanism where a nuclease cleaves the viral genome to prevent bacterial virus infection in Vibrio cholerae. It is of great interest for researchers studying phage-host interactions and microbial genetics.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jingtao Li, Xiaoying Ma, Chenyang Wang, Sihui Liu, Gang Yu, Mingming Gao, Hengwei Qian, Mengjie Liu, Ben F. Luisi, Dean W. Gabriel, Wenxing Liang
Summary: The effector Fol-Secreted Virulence-related Protein1 (FolSvp1) of fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) regulates pathogenicity by binding and translocating the tomato pathogenesis-related protein1 (SlPR1) via acetylation, leading to the abolishment of defense signaling and facilitation of pathogen invasion.
Article
Microbiology
Adam Bentham, Yohann Petit-Houdenot, Joe Win, Izumi Chuma, Ryohei Terauchi, Mark J. Banfield, Sophien Kamoun, Thorsten Langner
Summary: Accelerated gene evolution is a hallmark of pathogen adaptation following host-jumps. In this study, the researchers unraveled the basis of adaptive evolution of APikL2, an effector gene in the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. They found that a single amino acid change in APikL2 expanded its binding spectrum to host proteins, shedding light on a common mechanism of effector specialization in the AVR-Pik/APikL2 family. This research provides a detailed molecular evolution and structural biology framework for understanding how fungal pathogens adapt and diversify following host jumps.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Maruszewska-Cheruiyot, Ludmila Szewczak, Katarzyna Krawczak-Wojcik, Magdalena Kierasinska, Michael Stear, Katarzyna Donskow-Lysoniewska
Summary: The study evaluated the excretory-secretory proteins produced by H. polygyrus L4 stage nematodes that developed in a colitic milieu. Unique proteins were identified in the secretome of H. polygyrus L4 females and males that developed during colitis, which may be responsible for the therapeutic effects of nematodes in colitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kai Bi, Loredana Scalschi, Namrata Jaiswal, Tesfaye Mengiste, Renana Fried, Ana Belen Sanz, Javier Arroyo, Wenjun Zhu, Gal Masrati, Amir Sharon
Summary: Crh proteins catalyze crosslinking of chitin and glucan polymers in fungal cell walls. Bi et al. showed that a Crh protein from the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea acts as a cytoplasmic effector and elicitor of plant defense, leading to reduced sensitivity to the pathogen in plants expressing this gene.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lukas Hunziker, Mariana Tarallo, Keiko Gough, Melissa Guo, Cathy Hargreaves, Trevor S. Loo, Rebecca L. McDougal, Carl H. Mesarich, Rosie E. Bradshaw
Summary: The study identified candidate effectors of forest pathogen D. septosporum that trigger cell death in angiosperms, suggesting their recognition by immune receptors. These findings could contribute to disease resistance selection and the understanding of pathogen-plant interactions across plant taxa.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ramon Roca-Pinilla, Leszek Lisowski, Anna Aris, Elena Garcia-Fruitos
Summary: Host defense peptides (HDPs) are small proteins with potent antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities, suitable for clinical applications. Traditional methods of producing antimicrobial peptides are expensive and toxic, making recombinant production of HDPs an alternative. This review explores different strategies for optimizing HDPs, including fine-tuning their activities, bioengineering, and recombinant production in various cell factories.
MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xinhua Sun, Dmitry Lapin, Joanna M. Feehan, Sara C. Stolze, Katharina Kramer, Joram A. Dongus, Jakub Rzemieniewski, Servane Blanvillain-Baufume, Anne Harzen, Jaqueline Bautor, Paul Derbyshire, Frank L. H. Menke, Iris Finkemeier, Hirofumi Nakagami, Jonathan D. G. Jones, Jane E. Parker
Summary: Plants utilize intracellular NLR immune receptors to detect pathogen effectors and activate defense mechanisms involving modular networks of downstream proteins. Two distinct modules, NRG1/EDS1/SAG101 and ADR1/EDS1/PAD4, mediate TNL receptor defense signaling in plants, with rapid induced association of non-interchangeable components after NLR activation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Gaoqing Xiang, Qingqing Fu, Guanggui Li, Ruiqi Liu, Guotian Liu, Xiao Yin, Tingting Chen, Yan Xu
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between grapevine and the pathogen Plasmopara viticola, focusing on a Crinkler effector protein called PvCRN17. It was found that PvCRN17 has a virulent effect on grapevine plants and interacts with a grapevine protein called VAE7L1. VAE7L1 is involved in the cytosolic iron-sulphur cluster assembly pathway and its expression enhances resistance to oomycete pathogens. PvCRN17 competes with VvCIA1 to bind with VAE7L1 and VvAE7, disrupting the assembly of Fe-S proteins and suppressing defense responses.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benjamin Petre, Mauricio P. Contreras, Tolga O. Bozkurt, Martin H. Schattat, Jan Sklenar, Sebastian Schornack, Ahmed Abd-El-Haliem, Roger Castells-Graells, Rosa Lozano-Duran, Yasin F. Dagdas, Frank L. H. Menke, Alexandra M. E. Jones, Jack H. Vossen, Silke Robatzek, Sophien Kamoun, Joe Win
Summary: By transiently expressing RXLR effectors of the potato blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, an effector-host protein interactome matrix was generated, revealing over 35 biological processes potentially targeted by P. infestans. This study provides a valuable resource for functional studies of P. infestans effectors and effector-targeted host processes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Peng Li, Wen Li, Xiaofan Zhou, Junjian Situ, Lizhu Xie, Pinggen Xi, Bo Yang, Guanghui Kong, Zide Jiang
Summary: In this study, a RXLR effector protein, PlAvh202, secreted by the destructive pathogen Peronophythora litchii was identified. PlAvh202 was found to suppress host ethylene production by targeting and destabilizing SAMS, leading to the suppression of plant immune responses and enhanced susceptibility to Phytophthora capsici.
Article
Microbiology
Stephen C. Walsh, Jeffrey R. Reitano, Mary S. Dickinson, Miriam Kutsch, Dulcemaria Hernandez, Alyson B. Barnes, Benjamin H. Schott, Liuyang Wang, Dennis C. Ko, So Young Kim, Raphael H. Valdivia, Robert J. Bastidas, Jorn Coers
Summary: Chlamydia trachomatis is a major threat to women's reproductive health and is the leading cause of sexually transmitted bacterial infections. In this study, researchers identified the GarD protein as a bacterial factor that protects the pathogen from host immune response. They also discovered the RNF213 protein as a potential anti-Chlamydia protein. This research provides insights into the mechanisms of Chlamydia infection and may contribute to the development of new treatments.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xianmin Fan, Yue Zhang, Renhui Ouyang, Bo Luo, Lizhu Li, Wei He, Meichen Liu, Nan Jiang, Fengjiao Yang, Lingjun Wang, Biying Zhou
Summary: The excretory secretory antigens (ESAs) of Cysticercus cellulosae induced imbalanced CD4(+)/CD8(+) T-cell proportions, increased CD4(+)Foxp3(+) and CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T-cell frequencies, and induced Th2-type immune responses in piglets.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maozhi Hu, Yibei Zhang, Dan Gu, Xiang Chen, Matthew K. Waldor, Xiaohui Zhou
Summary: The study revealed that the T3SS effector VgpA in Vibrio parahaemolyticus interacts with the host cell nucleolus protein EBP2, leading to re-localization of c-Myc and increased cell proliferation. This interaction enhances EBP2 affinity for c-Myc, prolonging the oncoprotein's half-life and ultimately contributing to the pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus infection.