Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kentaro Tamura, Kenta Matsumura, Akiko Tsuchida, Taketoshi Yoshida, Hidekuni Inadera
Summary: This study examines the risk of common childhood infections in preterm infants compared to full-term infants and suggests that Palivizumab prophylaxis can reduce the frequencies of lower respiratory tract infection in preterm infants to the same level as in full-term infants.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandro Rocca, Carlotta Biagi, Sara Scarpini, Arianna Dondi, Silvia Vandini, Luca Pierantoni, Marcello Lanari
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of acute respiratory tract infections in children worldwide, and while only symptomatic treatment is available, passive immune prevention methods are being developed for all infants. The high cost of passive immunoprophylaxis limits its prescription to high-risk children, though most hospitalized RSV-infected children do not fully meet the criteria for immune prophylaxis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Akiko Kamori, Yuya Morooka, Kenichiro Yamamura, Pin Fee Chong, Noriko Kuga, Yasushi Takahata, Koichi Sagawa, Kenji Furuno
Summary: This study found that delaying the administration of palivizumab at the beginning of the RSV season increases the rate of RSV infection-related hospitalization. Administering the first dose of palivizumab early in the season is crucial to maximize prophylactic effectiveness, with priority given to cyanotic children or those living with siblings.
Article
Immunology
Jaime Fergie, Mina Suh, Xiaohui Jiang, Jon P. Fryzek, Tara Gonzales
Summary: This study found an increase in the burden and severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations and all-cause bronchiolitis hospitalizations among otherwise healthy 29-34 weeks' gestational age infants aged <6 months after 2014. The American Academy of Pediatrics' recommendation change regarding palivizumab usage may have contributed to this increase.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kee Thai Yeo, Chee Fu Yung, Poh Choo Khoo, Seyed Ehsan Saffari, Jane Swee Peng Sng, Mee See How, Bin Huey Quek
Summary: The study showed that palivizumab prophylaxis was effective in reducing RSV hospitalization among high-risk preterm infants of <32 weeks' gestation within the initial 6 months after discharge in a tropical setting with year-round RSV circulation.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Akshita Soni, S. K. Kabra, Rakesh Lodha
Summary: RSV is a highly contagious respiratory virus that can cause mild to severe illness in children, with lower respiratory tract infections being the most common in infants. In the post-COVID period, there has been an increase in RSV cases possibly due to decreased immunity. Symptoms of RSV infection include fever, runny nose, and cough, with severe cases leading to bronchiolitis or pneumonia. Supportive care is the main treatment option, although oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation may be needed in severe cases. Promising advances have been made in RSV vaccine development, with two vaccines approved for use in older adults.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sofia Tejada, Raquel Martinez-Reviejo, Hanife N. Karakoc, Yolanda Pena-Lopez, Oriol Manuel, Jordi Rello
Summary: This study summarized the efficacy and safety of ribavirin for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) associated lower respiratory tract infections. The results showed that ribavirin is effective in treating RSV-LRTI in patients with hematological diseases, and oral ribavirin is associated with increased viral clearance. However, there is a lack of evidence to support its use in lung transplant recipients.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Hasindu S. Edirisinghe, Anushi E. Rajapaksa, Simon G. Royce, Magdy Sourial, Robert J. Bischof, Jeremy Anderson, Gulcan Sarila, Cattram D. Nguyen, Kim Mulholland, Lien Anh Ha Do, Paul V. Licciardi
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic effect of aerosolised palivizumab in neonatal lambs following RSV infection. The results showed that aerosolised palivizumab had a modest effect in reducing inflammatory response, but did not reduce viral loads. Further studies using optimized protocols are needed to validate these findings.
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Hannah H. Nam, Michael G. Ison
Summary: RSV is a negative sense single-stranded RNA virus that can result in seasonal respiratory infections in humans. It can have severe clinical impact on hospitalized adults, leading to a wide range of symptoms and exacerbations of underlying diseases. While supportive care is the mainstay of therapy, there are multiple therapeutic and preventative options under development for RSV.
SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Caroline M. Sierra, Alice Park, Eunsi Eum, Giselle Garcia, Mireya Lopez, Shawnee N. Daniel, Khaled Bahjri, Kristine A. Parbuoni
Summary: Approximately half of the patients received palivizumab prophylaxis in accordance with the 2014 AAP recommendations and infrequently suffered from a breakthrough RSV infection.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Xian-Li Zhang, Xi Zhang, Wang Hua, Zheng-De Xie, Han-Min Liu, Hai-Lin Zhang, Bi-Quan Chen, Yuan Chen, Xin Sun, Yi Xu, Sai-Nan Shu, Shun-Ying Zhao, Yun-Xiao Shang, Ling Cao, Yan-Hui Jia, Luo-Na Lin, Jiong Li, Chuang-Li Hao, Xiao-Yan Dong, Dao-Jiong Lin, Hong-Mei Xu, De-Yu Zhao, Mei Zeng, Zhi-Min Chen, Li-Su Huang
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of respiratory infections globally, resulting in a significant healthcare burden. This study aims to develop evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of RSV infections in children. The consensus, based on international and national scientific evidence, integrates recent advances and reinforces current recommendations for optimal care and prevention of RSV infections.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ilse M. Lucke, Amber Vrijlandt, Johan Lim, Anneke J. Kooi, Ivo N. Schaik, Hans L. Zaaijer, Joppe W. Hovius, Filip Eftimov
Summary: This study found that apparent Bbsl seroconversion often occurs in patients receiving IVIg treatment, but antibodies typically disappear post-treatment, with seroreversion observed in a majority of patients within 3 months. The transient presence of anti-Bbsl IgG antibodies after IVIg treatment appears to be dependent on the brand of IVIg, reflecting variations in Bbsl exposure of plasma donors. Lyme borreliosis serological testing during and after IVIg treatment may be of limited utility.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Federico Bertoglio, Doris Meier, Nora Langreder, Stephan Steinke, Ulfert Rand, Luca Simonelli, Philip Alexander Heine, Rico Ballmann, Kai-Thomas Schneider, Kristian Daniel Ralph Roth, Maximilian Ruschig, Peggy Riese, Kathrin Eschke, Yeonsu Kim, Dorina Schaeckermann, Mattia Pedotti, Philipp Kuhn, Susanne Zock-Emmenthal, Johannes Woehrle, Normann Kilb, Tobias Herz, Marlies Becker, Martina Grasshoff, Esther Veronika Wenzel, Giulio Russo, Andrea Kroeger, Linda Brunotte, Stephan Ludwig, Viola Fuehner, Stefan Daniel Kraemer, Stefan Duebel, Luca Varani, Gunter Roth, Luka Cicin-Sain, Maren Schubert, Michael Hust
Summary: COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which utilizes human ACE2 enzyme as receptor for cell entry. Researchers have used phage display to select anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies from universal antibody gene libraries, showing potential inhibition of infection.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Yoonyoung Choi, H. Cody Meissner, Christian Hampp, Haesuk Park, Almut G. Winterstein
Summary: The study found that among infants and children with chronic lung disease, 35.2% received one or more treatments within 200 days before entering the second RSV season. As age increased, the utilization rate decreased, with corticosteroid therapy becoming the primary choice.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Julia Dvorkin, Julian De Luca, Damian Alvarez-Paggi, Mauricio T. Caballero
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) plays a significant role in respiratory infections among infants worldwide. Recent progress in RSV research has provided comprehensive insights into the health and economic burden of RSV disease in developing countries through various observational studies and clinical trials conducted in the past decade. This review discusses the impact of RSV burden, gaps in disease estimations, challenges in developing new therapies and immune responses, and provides a brief overview of next generation technologies being evaluated.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)