Article
Microbiology
Kim Chiok, Swechha M. Pokharel, Indira Mohanty, Lindsay Grace Miller, Shou-Jiang Gao, Arthur L. Haas, Kim C. Tran, Michael N. Teng, Santanu Bose
Summary: Paramyxoviruses like RSV are a leading cause of viral pneumonia in infants. This study identified the viral protein NS2 as mediating autophagy induction by RSV, providing a potential target for interventions against RSV.
Article
Microbiology
Kim Chiok, Swechha M. Pokharel, Indira Mohanty, Lindsay Grace Miller, Shou-Jiang Gao, Arthur L. Haas, Kim C. Tran, Michael N. Teng, Santanu Bose
Summary: Understanding the interaction between RSV and the host is crucial for developing effective interventions. This study identifies the RSV nonstructural protein NS2 as the key component in activating autophagy by modulating the ISGylation of Beclin1.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alessandra Pierangeli, Antonio Piralla, Sara Uceda Renteria, Giovanni Giacomel, Giovanna Lunghi, Elisabetta Pagani, Elisabetta Giacobazzi, Elisa Vian, Valeria Biscaro, Giulia Piccirilli, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Stefano Menzo, Monica Lucia Ferreri, Federica Novazzi, Laura Petrarca, Amelia Licari, Guglielmo Ferrari, Giuseppe Oliveto, Guido Antonelli, Sandro Binda, Cristina Galli, Laura Pellegrinelli, Elena Pariani, Fausto Baldanti
Summary: This study provides insights into the burden, seasonality, and clinical presentation of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infections in Italy. RSV and HMPV were found to cause a high burden of disease in both children and the elderly, with different seasonality patterns. RSV was more prevalent in infants, while HMPV affected more elderly adults, but their clinical course was similar. RSV-A ON1 variants were the most common. These findings can serve as the basis for establishing a national respiratory virus surveillance network.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Pekka Hurme, Miisa Komulainen, Marleena Tulkki, Annamari Leino, Beate Ruckert, Riitta Turunen, Tytti Vuorinen, Mubeccel Akdis, Cezmi A. Akdis, Tuomas Jartti
Summary: The cytokine profiles of Rhinovirus (RV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced first wheezing episode differ, with higher cytokine expression and longer hospitalization time in the RSV group. In the RV group, increased expression of I-309 (CCL1) and TARC is associated with fewer relapses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Styliani Pappa, Katerina Haidopoulou, Charalampos Zarras, Eleni Theodorakou, Eleni Papadimitriou, Elias Iosifidis, Ioanna Gkeka, Konstantina Stoikou, Eleni Vagdatli, Lemonia Skoura, Anna Papa
Summary: An unexpected surge of RSV infections among children was observed in Greece, with RSV-A being the predominant subtype. This may be attributed to the lack of immunity among children and mothers due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Awareness and molecular epidemiology are crucial for diagnosing and monitoring RSV infections.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mina Suh, Naimisha Movva, Xiaohui Jiang, Lauren C. Bylsma, Heidi Reichert, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: This study demonstrates that acute bronchiolitis due to RSV is the leading cause of hospitalizations in US infants, especially during the winter months.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
E. Murillo-Zamora, O. Mendoza-Cano, M. Huerta, M. Rios-Silva, A. Lugo-Radillo, V. Benites-Godinez, J. A. Bricio-Barrios, E. F. Rios-Bracamontes, X. Trujillo
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the survival experience of children hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection due to bronchiolitis. A nationwide retrospective cohort study was conducted in Mexico, analyzing data from 436 children aged 5 years and younger. High survival rates were observed within the first three weeks of hospital admission, with a mortality rate of 2.1 per 1,000 person-days.
Article
Cell Biology
Jennifer Simpson, Kirsten M. Spann, Simon Phipps
Summary: RSV infection of hAECs leads to early and late release of HMGB1. Early release is independent of cell death but can be attenuated by inhibiting MLKL. Early release promotes late release and cell death via activation of RAGE. Inhibition of MLKL or targeting the HMGB1/RAGE pathway can attenuate the release of pro-inflammatory HMGB1 and decrease viral load.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jaime Fergie, Mina Suh, Xiaohui Jiang, Jon P. Fryzek, Tara Gonzales
Summary: This study found an increase in the burden and severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations and all-cause bronchiolitis hospitalizations among otherwise healthy 29-34 weeks' gestational age infants aged <6 months after 2014. The American Academy of Pediatrics' recommendation change regarding palivizumab usage may have contributed to this increase.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Heidi Reichert, Mina Suh, Xiaohui Jiang, Naimisha Movva, Lauren C. Bylsma, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: This study describes the mortality rate of infants in the United States due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The highest mortality rates were observed among infants with a gestational age of less than 29 weeks, American Indian/Alaskan Native infants, and Medicaid-insured infants. However, the burden of RSV mortality was greatest in full-term infants, white infants, and Medicaid-insured infants.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
August Wrotek, Artur Badyda, Piotr O. Czechowski, Tomasz Owczarek, Piotr Dabrowiecki, Teresa Jackowska
Summary: A study conducted in Poland from 2010 to 2019 found significant seasonal and annual periodicity in pediatric RSV hospitalizations, with increased concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 being positively associated with higher RSV hospitalization numbers. The inclusion of these air pollutants in regression models explained a significant portion of the variance in RSV hospitalizations, with interaction effects observed between pollutants as well as with the study year. Efforts to reduce air pollution may help decrease the burden of hospital healthcare costs related to RSV.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Akshita Soni, S. K. Kabra, Rakesh Lodha
Summary: RSV is a highly contagious respiratory virus that can cause mild to severe illness in children, with lower respiratory tract infections being the most common in infants. In the post-COVID period, there has been an increase in RSV cases possibly due to decreased immunity. Symptoms of RSV infection include fever, runny nose, and cough, with severe cases leading to bronchiolitis or pneumonia. Supportive care is the main treatment option, although oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation may be needed in severe cases. Promising advances have been made in RSV vaccine development, with two vaccines approved for use in older adults.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Hortense Petat, Vincent Gajdos, Francois Angoulvant, Pierre-Olivier Vidalain, Sandrine Corbet, Christophe Marguet, Jacques Brouard, Astrid Vabret, Meriadeg Ar Gouilh
Summary: The study found that in infants with acute bronchiolitis, 90% tested positive for respiratory syncytial virus and 34% for human rhinovirus, with a higher risk of HRV infection in the absence of RSV. This suggests the presence of interference or exclusion mechanisms between HRV and RSV.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mohammad Hussain Alqahtani, Mohammad Faraj Alqahtani, Mohammed Asiri, Saad Alghamdi, Ziyad Alshagawi, Saleh Alzahrani
Summary: The study aims to determine the clinical presentation, past medical history, hospitalization course, and prognosis in children below two years of age who have been hospitalized in the past five years. The results show a significant increase in the length of ICU and ventilator use among females compared to males. Furthermore, infants younger than 12 months account for the majority of ICU admissions.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lorena Bermudez Barrezueta, Vanesa Matias Del Pozo, Pablo Lopez-Casillas, Marta Brezmes Raposo, Maria Gutierrez Zamorano, Maria de la Asuncion Pino Vazquez
Summary: This study analyzed the epidemiology of RSV bronchiolitis admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to previous seasons. The study found a change in RSV seasonality during the pandemic, with a smaller and unusual outbreak in the summer of 2021 compared to previous seasons.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jordi Rello, Sofia Tejada, Laura Campogiani, Adenike G. Adebanjo, Antonella Tammaro
Summary: This article aims to provide a summary of published information on systemic infective complications of tattoos, in order to provide an update on the current situation. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database from 2009 to 2019, and compared with a search without year restriction. Eligible studies included case reports, case series, outbreak investigations, reviews, and systematic reviews on systemic tattoo-related infections.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sofia Tejada, Sergio Ramirez-Estrada, Alexandre M. Tejo, Carlos G. Forero, Xavier Pomares, Miguel Gallego, Joan B. Soriano, James D. Chalmers, Jordi Rello
Summary: This study evaluated the quality of evidence supporting recommendations in international guidelines on bronchiectasis in adults, and found that newer guidelines had higher quality ratings. However, more high-quality evidence is still needed. The assessment identified four guidelines that were recommended for use, with the highest scores in the domains of scope and purpose.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sofia Tejada, Marta Leal-dos-Santos, Yolanda Pena-Lopez, Stijn Blot, Emine Alp, Jordi Rello
Summary: Antiseptic barrier caps are more effective in reducing CLABSI risk compared to manual disinfection, especially in ICU patients and adults, showing potential cost savings in medical expenses.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Sofia Tejada, Sergio Ramirez-Estrada, Carlos G. Forero, Miguel Gallego, Joan B. Soriano, Pablo A. Cardinal-Fernandez, Stephan Ehrmann, Jordi Rello
Summary: This network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different types of aerosol generating devices in adult patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB). The results showed that administering antibiotics via dry powder inhaler (DPI) significantly improved time to first exacerbation and quality of life compared to nebulizers, while no significant differences were observed in other clinical efficacy and microbiologic response measures between the devices.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dimitra Papakyritsi, Elias Iosifidis, Serafia Kalamitsou, Elisavet Chorafa, Eleni Volakli, Yolanda Pena-Lopez, Maria Sdougka, Emmanuel Roilides
Summary: This study described the epidemiological characteristics of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) cases in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), investigated possible risk factors, and evaluated diagnostic criteria. The results revealed significant correlations between all three algorithms and adverse outcomes, including mortality. The findings highlight the necessity of a unified definition for pediatric VAP to improve preventive strategies.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Anesthesiology
Raquel Martinez-Reviejo, Sofia Tejada, Ana Cipriano, Hanife Nur Karakoc, Oriol Manuel, Jordi Rello
Summary: This study evaluated the recipient outcomes of solid organ transplantation from donors with recent or current SARS-CoV-2 infection. The findings suggest that using non-lung organs from SARS-CoV-2 positive donors appears to be a safe practice, with a low risk of transmission irrespective of the presence of symptoms at the time of procurement.
ANAESTHESIA CRITICAL CARE & PAIN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Raquel Martinez-Reviejo, Sofia Tejada, Ganiyat A. R. Adebanjo, Camilla Chello, Miriam C. Machado, Francesca R. Parisella, Magda Campins, Antonella Tammaro, Jordi Rello
Summary: This study indicates that the occurrence of VZV reactivation is clinically relevant. Although VZV reactivation or infection following COVID-19 vaccination has been reported, the vaccine remains safe and strongly recommended.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Nursing
Tarsila Vieceli, Sofia Tejada, Raquel Martinez-Reviejo, Tomas Pumarola, Jacques Schrenzel, Grant W. Waterer, Jordi Rello
Summary: This review summarizes the evidence of the impact of air pollution on the respiratory microbiome. It suggests that air pollution can alter the composition of respiratory microbiota, increase the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms, and contribute to the development of respiratory infections with antimicrobial resistance.
INTENSIVE AND CRITICAL CARE NURSING
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sofia Tejada, Raquel Martinez-Reviejo, Taisa A. Nogueira, Aroa Gomez, Teresa Pont, Xuelian Liao, Zheng Zhang, Oriol Manuel, Jordi Rello
Summary: Sex disparities may have a significant impact on patient and allograft outcomes after solid organ transplantation. Females have higher survival rates than males, especially in liver and kidney transplantation. Male sex is a protective factor against hospital readmission. Further research is needed to explore the impact on graft dysfunction and overall infections. Consideration of sex should be given in SOT management decisions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Neel Shah, Bing Xue, Ziqi Xu, Hanqing Yang, Eva Marwali, Heidi Dalton, Philip P. R. Payne, Chenyang S. Lu, Ahmed Said
Summary: In this study, several ECMO mortality prediction and severity of illness scores were validated for a large COVID-19 V-V ECMO cohort. The results showed inconsistent discrimination and calibration of these scores, highlighting the need for better clinically applicable decision support tools.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christiana Kartsonaki, J. Kenneth Baillie, Noelia Garcia Barrio, Joaquin Baruch, Abigail Beane, Lucille Blumberg, Fernando Bozza, Tessa Broadley, Aidan Burrell, Gail Carson, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Andrew Dagens, Emmanuelle A. Dankwa, Christl A. Donnelly, Jake Dunning, Loubna Elotmani, Martina Escher, Nataly Farshait, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Bronner P. Goncalves, Matthew Hall, Madiha Hashmi, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Antonia Ho, Waasila Jassat, Miguel Pedrera Jimenez, Cedric Laouenan, Samantha Lissauer, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, France Mentre, Laura Merson, Ben Morton, Daniel Munblit, Nikita A. Nekliudov, Alistair D. Nichol, Budha Charan Singh Oinam, David Ong, Prasan Kumar Panda, Michele Petrovic, Mark G. Pritchard, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Claire Roger, Oana Sandulescu, Malcolm G. Semple, Pratima Sharma, Louise Sigfrid, Emily C. Somers, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Fabio Taccone, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Jia Wei, Evert-Jan Wils, Xin Ci Wong, Peter Horby, Amanda Rojek, Piero L. Olliaro, Ali Abbas
Summary: This study analyzed demographic features, treatments, and clinical outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in 52 countries from January 2020 to January 2022. Age and male sex were associated with a higher risk of death. Symptoms, co-morbidities, and treatments were associated with clinical outcomes. This comprehensive international study provides valuable information for prioritizing treatment for COVID-19 patients at higher risk of death.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Matthew J. Griffee, Patricia T. Bozza, Luis Felipe Reyes, Devin P. Eddington, Dorothea Rosenberger, Laura Merson, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Jonathon P. Fanning, Peta M. A. Alexander, John Fraser, Heidi Dalton
Summary: In this study, the frequency of coagulopathy complications in COVID-19 patients from developing countries (LMICs) was compared to those from high-income countries (HICs), and it was found that complications were more frequent in HICs. Complications were more common in patients receiving advanced treatment, and were associated with increased in-hospital mortality. Moreover, the mortality associated with these complications was higher in LMICs. Therefore, further research is needed to explore timely diagnosis and intervention for coagulation derangements in COVID-19, particularly in limited-resource settings.
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)