Review
Immunology
Manpreet K. Semwal, Nicholas E. Jones, Ann V. Griffith
Summary: The thymus is crucial for T lymphocyte development, with thymic stromal cells playing an important role. Metabolic regulation of thymic stromal cell function is an emerging area of study.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joao Pedro Werneck-de-Castro, Flavia Leticia Martins Pecanha, Diego Henrique Silvestre, Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
Summary: mTORC1 deficiency or hyperactivation in pancreatic beta-cells can lead to diabetes. LARP1, the most abundant LARP in mouse islets and human beta-cells, is upregulated in diabetic subjects. However, genetically disrupting the Larp1 gene does not seem to have a major impact on glucose homeostasis, suggesting that LARP1 may not play a significant role in beta-cells.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Deanne Francis, Alondra S. Burguete, Amin S. Ghabrial
Summary: Larval terminal cells of the Drosophila tracheal system require a significant increase in apical membrane for extensive branched tube formation. This study reveals that compromised apical membrane expansion leads to the invasion of neighboring cells and compensatory branching. Archease, a protein involved in tRNA maturation, plays a crucial role in this process, with its nuclear localization dependent on TOR-vATPase activity.
Article
Hematology
Julien Papoin, Hongxia Yan, Marjorie Leduc, Morgane Le Gall, Anupama Narla, James Palis, Laurie A. Steiner, Patrick G. Gallagher, Christopher D. Hillyer, Emilie-Fleur Gautier, Narla Mohandas, Lionel Blanc
Summary: This study investigates the growth factor responsiveness and proteomic profile of four subpopulations of human erythroid progenitors. The findings reveal dynamic changes in cell cycle during erythroid progenitor differentiation and the presence of proteins required for oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in these progenitor cells.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Sudjit Luanpitpong, Xing Kang, Montira Janan, Kanjana Thumanu, Jingting Li, Pakpoom Kheolamai, Surapol Issaragrisil
Summary: This study demonstrated the regulatory role of the O-GlcNAc/BCL11A axis in erythroid differentiation, maturation, and globin production. O-GlcNAcylation promotes HSCs toward erythroid differentiation and enucleation, and affects globin production. BCL11A is identified as a key mediator of O-GlcNAc-driven erythroid differentiation and β- and α-globin production. Metabolic reprogramming also plays a role in this process, as indicated by the unique metabolic fingerprints observed upon OGA inhibition.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Riccardo Rizzo, Domenico Russo, Kazuo Kurokawa, Pranoy Sahu, Bernadette Lombardi, Domenico Supino, Mikhail A. Zhukovsky, Anthony Vocat, Prathyush Pothukuchi, Vidya Kunnathully, Laura Capolupo, Gaelle Boncompain, Carlo Vitagliano, Federica Zito Marino, Gabriella Aquino, Daniela Montariello, Petra Henklein, Luigi Mandrich, Gerardo Botti, Henrik Clausen, Ulla Mandel, Toshiyuki Yamaji, Kentaro Hanada, Alfredo Budillon, Franck Perez, Seetharaman Parashuraman, Yusuf A. Hannun, Akihiko Nakano, Daniela Corda, Giovanni D'Angelo, Alberto Luini
Summary: Research shows that a group of sequentially-acting enzymes in the Golgi bind to the oncogenic protein GOLPH3, affecting glycosphingolipid synthesis and cell proliferation by regulating enzyme localization and degradation rate. These findings reveal a novel oncogenic mechanism of action for GOLPH3 in glycosphingolipid metabolism.
Article
Cell Biology
Bozena Samborska, Dominic G. Roy, Janane F. Rahbani, Mohammed F. Hussain, Eric H. Ma, Russell G. Jones, Lawrence Kazak
Summary: This study reveals the intrinsic role of creatine transport and creatine transphosphorylation in supporting CD8(+) T cell homeostasis and effector function, independent of their effects on global cellular energy charge.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Belen Sanz-Castillo, Begona Hurtado, Diana Vara-Ciruelos, Aicha El Bakkali, Dario Hermida, Beatriz Salvador-Barbero, Diego Martinez-Alonso, Jose Gonzalez-Martinez, Clara Santiveri, Ramon Campos-Olivas, Pilar Ximenez-Embun, Javier Munoz, Monica Alvarez-Fernandez, Marcos Malumbres
Summary: This study reveals that the cell cycle kinase MASTL/Greatwall inhibits the activity of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway by phosphorylating the PP2A/B55 inhibitor ENSA/ARPP19, thus limiting AKT activity. Furthermore, the study finds that MASTL is directly phosphorylated by mTORC1, which limits the dephosphorylation of IRS1 and GRB10 downstream of mTORC1, further restraining AKT activity. This research highlights the importance of the MASTL-PP2A/B55 kinase-phosphatase module in controlling AKT and maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
Review
Cell Biology
Hongyu Liao, Yan Qi, Yida Ye, Peng Yue, Donghui Zhang, Yifei Li
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in cardiomyocytes and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is essential for normal heart function. Mechanotransduction pathways are involved in regulating physiological and pathophysiological states of cardiomyocytes, influencing mitochondrial function by modulating mitochondrial-related genes. Restoring mitochondrial function by shutting down excessive mechanotransduction pathways is a promising therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wadie E. F. Bahou, Natalia Marchenko, Natasha M. M. Nesbitt
Summary: Cytoprotective heme oxygenases convert heme into carbon monoxide, ferrous iron, and biliverdin, which is rapidly reduced to bilirubin by biliverdin IX beta reductase (BLVRB). Recent studies have found that BLVRB plays a role in regulating the fate of hematopoietic stem cells, specifically in megakaryocyte and erythroid development. Crystallographic and thermodynamic studies have provided valuable insights into the biochemistry and genetics of BLVRB, paving the way for the development of selective inhibitors with potential therapeutic applications in hematopoietic and other disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hugo C. Barreto, Beatriz Abreu, Isabel Gordo
Summary: Iron availability is tightly regulated in the mammalian gut, and the adaptive allele of the iron regulation gene iscR undergoes fluctuating selection influenced by antibiotics, microbiota, and the immune system. Host immune protein Lipocalin-2 plays a major role in shaping the selection on iscR.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nivedita Seshadri, Christine A. Doucette
Summary: Beta cell dysfunction is central to the development of type 2 diabetes, and circadian disruption has emerged as an important environmental risk factor for T2D. Genetic disruption of the circadian timing system impairs insulin secretion and triggers diabetes development, highlighting the essential role of the circadian timing system in the regulation of pancreatic beta cell function.
Review
Physiology
Angelia Szwed, Eugene Kim, Estela Jacinto
Summary: Cells metabolize nutrients for growth and proliferation, with mTOR playing a key role in integrating growth and metabolism through the protein complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2. Study of mTORC1 and mTORC2 has expanded our understanding of cellular metabolism regulation and functions.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dan Du, Yugang Zhang, Canjun Zhu, Hong Chen, Jia Sun
Summary: The earliest function of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) was to respond to hypoxic conditions as a transcription factor. Recent studies have shown that HIF plays an essential role in central regulation of metabolism, affecting the central nervous system's response to glucose, inflammation, and hormonal influence on systemic metabolism. HIF primarily inhibits energy uptake and promotes energy expenditure in the hypothalamus, with its role depending on various factors and mechanisms within the hypothalamus.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhongmin Sui, Chaoqing Wei, Xuan Wang, Huihui Zhou, Chengdong Liu, Kangsen Mai, Gen He
Summary: Ammonia has significant impacts on the growth and health of crustaceans, leading to oxidative stress and metabolic disorders. However, little is known about its effects on nutrient metabolism and signaling pathways. This study provides important insights into the metabolic responses and nutrient signaling under ammonia stress, enhancing our understanding of the physiological responses and growth performance in shrimp.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Chunhong Ren, Zhengbo Zhou, Xiuzhen Wang, Xu Hua, Muping Zou, Xin Zhang
Summary: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common malignant tumor with low overall survival rate, especially in advanced stages. SHCBP1, a downstream protein of the Shc adaptor, has been found to be upregulated in various tumors and may serve as a promising molecular target for EC. Further research is needed to explore the potential therapeutic implications of targeting SHCBP1 in EC treatment.
APPLIED IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR MORPHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Qian Liu, Linhong Luo, Chunhong Ren, Muping Zou, Siqin Yang, Bozhi Cai, Libiao Wu, Yunsheng Wang, Shan Fu, Xu Hua, Nianping Tang, Shiping Huang, Xianxi Huang, Wen Xin, Feiheng Chen, Xin Zhang
Article
Cell Biology
Yanni Ma, Siqi Liu, Jie Gao, Chunyan Chen, Xin Zhang, Hao Yuan, Zhongyang Chen, Xiaolin Yin, Chenguang Sun, Yanan Mao, Fanqi Zhou, Yi Shao, Qian Liu, Jiayue Xu, Li Cheng, Daqi Yu, Pingping Li, Ping Yi, Jiahuan He, Guangfeng Geng, Qing Guo, Yanmin Si, Hualu Zhao, Haipeng Li, Graham L. Banes, He Liu, Yukio Nakamura, Ryo Kurita, Yue Huang, Xiaoshuang Wang, Fang Wang, Gang Fang, James Douglas Engel, Lihong Shi, Yong E. Zhang, Jia Yu
Summary: The study reveals the presence of numerous duplicated or retroposed pseudogenes in the human genome, which play important roles in regulating RNA, particularly exhibiting tissue-specific expression in bone marrow. A specific duplicated pseudogene HBBP1 interacts with RBP HNRNPA1 to upregulate TAL1, essential for erythropoiesis, and contributes to milder symptoms in beta-thalassemia patients. Comparative analyses suggest that the interaction between HBBP1 and TAL1 is human-specific, providing insights into the functional landscapes of pseudogenes.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eira Cerda Reyes, Europa Azucena Gonzalez-Navarro, Marta Magaz, Guillermo Munoz-Sanchez, Alba Diaz, Gilberto Silva-Junior, Ana Triguero, Erica Lafoz, Genis Camprecios, Lara Orts, Valeria Perez-Campuzano, Susana Seijo, Laura Rubio, Fanny Turon, Anna Baiges, Virginia Hernandez-Gea, Alberto Alvarez-Larran, Manel Juan, Juan Carlos Garcia-Pagan
Summary: The presence of at least one positive antibody was significantly higher in patients with PSVD compared to cirrhosis, with anti-endothelial cell antibodies being more frequent in PSVD. The presence of AECA had a high positive predictive value for diagnosing PSVD, with a specificity of 94% when a certain level is used as a cut-off. AECA positive serum samples react with a 68-72 kDa protein of human liver endothelial sinusoidal cells.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nagasuryaprasad Kotikalapudi, Samuel Joshua Pragasam Sampath, Sinha Sukesh Narayan, Bhonde R. Ramesh, Harishankar Nemani, Sathish Kumar Mungamuri, Vijayalakshmi Venkatesan
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential therapeutic applications of human Placental MSCs in addressing obesity-related insulin resistance and complications, including restoring glucose homeostasis, regulating cytokines, activating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and promoting peripheral blood glucose clearance.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Virginia Hernandez-Gea, Genis Camprecios, Fabian Betancourt, Valeria Perez-Campuzano, Susana Seijo, Alba Diaz, Rocio Gallego-Duran, Pol Olivas, Lara Orts, Marta Magaz, Anna Baiges, Fanny Turon, Julia Sidorova, Manuel Romero-Gomez, Juan-Jose Lozano, Juan Carlos Garcia-Pagan
Summary: Patients with PSVD have a unique genetic profile enriched in canonical pathways involving hemostasis and coagulation, as well as lipid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. The main pathogenic event in PSVD development is the deregulation of pathways involved in vascular homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
L. K. Metthew Lam, Sophia Murphy, Dimitra Kokkinaki, Alessandro Venosa, Scott Sherrill-Mix, Carla Casu, Stefano Rivella, Aaron Weiner, Jeongho Park, Sunny Shin, Andrew E. Vaughan, Beatrice H. Hahn, Audrey R. Odom John, Nuala J. Meyer, Christopher A. Hunter, G. Scott Worthen, Nilam S. Mangalmurti
Summary: Red blood cells function as critical immune sensors through surface expression of TLR9, detecting and capturing nucleic acid to regulate red cell clearance and inflammatory cytokine production, distinct from their traditional role in gas transport.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Nagasuryaprasad Kotikalapudi, Samuel Joshua Pragasam Sampath, Sukesh Narayan Sinha, R. Bhonde, Sathish Kumar Mungamuri, Vijayalakshmi Venkatesan
Summary: This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of human placental mesenchymal stromal cells (P-MSCs) on obesity-induced metabolic syndrome. The findings showed that P-MSCs treatment can improve insulin resistance and inflammation in obese rats, restore glucose uptake and insulin signaling, and have beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Genis Camprecios, Maria Ruart, Aina Anton, Nuria Suarez-Herrera, Carla Montironi, Celia Martinez, Natalia Jimenez, Erica Lafoz, Hector Garcia-Caldero, Marina Vilaseca, Marta Magaz, Mar Coll, Isabel Graupera, Scott L. Friedman, Joan Carles Garcia-Pagan, Virginia Hernandez-Gea
Summary: Research on the use of SPD in two models of liver disease shows that SPD can improve the function of liver endothelial cells, reduce liver oxidative stress, and enhance mitochondrial health. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with SPD in the early stages of the disease may protect liver endothelial cells, serving as an attractive approach to modify the course of chronic liver disease and halt fibrosis progression.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Aina Anton, Genis Camprecios, Valeria Perez-Campuzano, Lara Orts, Joan Carles Garcia-Pagan, Virginia Hernandez-Gea
Summary: This review summarizes the development mechanisms of portal vein thrombosis and discusses future directions in the study of this important complication of cirrhosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yi-Peng Fang, Xin Zhang
Summary: This retrospective cohort study investigated the impact of pre-hospital ACEI and ARB exposure on the prognosis of acute respiratory failure (ARF) patients. The results showed that ACEI/ARB exposure was associated with better outcomes, although it lost its protective effect in the young subgroup.
Article
Cell Biology
Nagasuryaprasad Kotikalapudi, Samuel Joshua Pragasam Sampath, Sukesh Narayan Sinha, R. Bhonde, Sathish Kumar Mungamuri, Vijayalakshmi Venkatesan
Summary: This study found that human placental mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSCs) can improve obesity-associated insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction. In in vitro experiments, co-culturing P-MSCs with adipocytes improved glucose uptake, reduced reactive oxygen species production, enhanced mitochondrial respiration and energy balance, and promoted adipocyte beiging. In in vivo experiments, P-MSCs administration increased peripheral blood glucose uptake and clearance, improved insulin sensitivity and lipid profile, and increased ATP/ADP and NAD(+)/NADP(+) ratio in white adipose tissue.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Yi-Peng Fang, Hui-Juan Zhang, Zhe Guo, Chun-Hong Ren, Yun-Fei Zhang, Qian Liu, Zhong Wang, Xin Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the prognostic value of serum ferritin in critically ill patients with sepsis using the MIMIC-IV database. The results showed that high-level serum ferritin is an independent prognostic marker for predicting mortality in patients with sepsis.
EMERGENCY MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Genis Camprecios, Marina Vilaseca, Dinesh M. Tripathi, Carla Montironi, Alba Diaz, Daniel Aguilar, Hector Garcia-Caldero, Rosa Montanes, Aina Anton, Virginia Hernandez-Gea, Joan Carles Garcia-Pagan
Summary: PSVD is a rare vascular liver disease with unknown etiology that may lead to portal hypertension. Researchers have developed three rat models for PSVD and found that the Selfox model faithfully reproduces the main alterations observed in PSVD, providing a significant preclinical model for drug testing and the development of new therapeutic targets for this rare condition.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Genis Camprecios, Aina Anton, Anna Oncins, Carla Montironi, Maria Ruart, Rosa Montanes, Hector Garcia-Caldero, Joan Carles Garcia-Pagan, Virginia Hernandez-Gea
Summary: Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) are key elements in regulating the liver response to injury and regeneration. Endothelial autophagy plays a crucial role in protecting cells from injury-induced oxidative stress and fibrosis. However, this study found that endothelial autophagy is not essential for liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PHx).
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)