Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rebecca F. F. Townsend, Danielle Logan, Roisin F. F. O'Neill, Federica Prinelli, Jayne V. V. Woodside, Claire T. T. McEvoy
Summary: Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern may reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, but the results are inconsistent, likely due to heterogeneity among studies. Standardization of diet exposure and cognitive outcome measurement is needed, and further research should investigate the effects of culturally appropriate dietary patterns on individual cognitive domains and incident cognitive disorders in diverse and high-risk populations.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sofia Dionysopoulou, Evangelia Charmandari, Alexandra Bargiota, Nikolaos F. Vlahos, George Mastorakos, Georgios Valsamakis
Summary: Obesity can lead to hypothalamic inflammation, which may result in cognitive and mood disorders. Reducing inflammation through exercise, healthy diet, and medications could help improve cognition and mood.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rahul Rao, Byron Creese, Dag Aarsland, Chris Kalafatis, Zunera Khan, Anne Corbett, Clive Ballard
Summary: This study examined the association between risky drinking and cognitive impairment, revealing that risky drinkers have a higher risk of cognitive function impairments, particularly in working memory and visuospatial function. Further research on the relationship between alcohol misuse and cognitive function is warranted based on these findings.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aliaa Ibnidris, Giovanni Piumatti, Fabio Carlevaro, Marta Fadda, Francesca Magno, Daniele Magistro, Emiliano Albanese
Summary: The study aimed to determine the criterion and concurrent validity of the Italian version of the short 10/66 Dementia Diagnostic Schedule in a sample of Italian native speakers, older adults. The results showed the tool had fair sensitivity and specificity in identifying dementia, and disability scores were higher in dementia patients living in nursing homes. The study provides evidence on the validity of the 10/66 dementia diagnostic algorithm in high-income countries.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dimitrios Saredakis, Hannah A. D. Keage, Megan Corlis, Tobias Loetscher
Summary: This study aims to identify changes in apathy after a reminiscence therapy intervention using head-mounted displays (HMDs). Participants will be allocated to three groups for comparison: VR reminiscence therapy group, an active control group using laptop computer or physical items, and a passive control group. Results will be disseminated through academic publications and international conferences.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sean Martin, Ian Zajac, Andrew Vincent, Robert J. Adams, Sarah Appleton, Gary A. Wittert
Summary: This study demonstrates that men with a high burden of depression symptoms tend to have more frequent doctor visits and higher likelihood of being diagnosed with depression. Undiagnosed depression results in increased utilization of medical and prescription services.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anna V. Cartwright, Richard D. Pione, Charlotte R. Stoner, Aimee Spector
Summary: The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) shows robust psychometric properties when used with caregivers of people with dementia, indicating its suitability for this population. Further research is needed to determine responsiveness and cross-cultural validity.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hee Jung Son, Young-Hoon Jo, Hyung Seob Ahn, Jooyoung You, Chang-Nam Kang
Summary: This study compared the outcomes and complications of lumbar spinal fusion for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis in super-elderly patients (80 years and over) with those in elderly patients (65 years and over, and under 80 years). Results showed no significant differences between the two groups in preoperative and postoperative measures, but the super-elderly group had higher K-ODI scores. Postoperative delirium was more common in the super-elderly group, with SE status identified as a risk factor. Overall, spinal fusion surgery is effective for improving quality of life in super-elderly patients with DLSS, but careful perioperative management is necessary to prevent postoperative delirium.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mickael Aubignat, Martine Roussel, Ardalan Aarabi, Chantal Lamy, Daniela Andriuta, Sophie Tasseel-Ponche, Malek Makki, Olivier Godefroy
Summary: Apathy occurs in approximately one third of people after stroke. The determinants of apathy have only been partially defined due to difficulties in disentangling it from comorbidities. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of apathy, identify confounding sources of hypoactivity, and define its neuroimaging determinants using mVLSM analyses.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chong Zhang, Xiaolin Liang
Summary: This study investigated the association between WeChat use and the mental health of middle-aged and older adults. The results showed a negative correlation between WeChat use and depression, as well as WeChat Moments sharing and depression. WeChat use is found to empower middle-aged and elderly individuals in maintaining close social relationships and trust, contributing to their mental health.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jerry Ohlin, Yngve Gustafson, Hakan Littbrand, Birgitta Olofsson, Annika Toots
Summary: Beyond simple cognitive performance assessment, improving dementia screening procedures is timely given the ongoing phenomenon of population aging. A slow or declining gait speed is a potential early indicator of cognitive decline in very old people. This study found that declining and slow gait speed were associated with higher odds of dementia development, and gait decline was linked to cognitive decline in participants who developed dementia, supporting the potential of gait speed tests to predict future cognitive decline among very old people in community and nursing home settings.
JOURNAL OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Harriet A. Ball, Elizabeth Coulthard, Mark Fish, Antony Bayer, John Gallacher, Yoav Ben-Shlomo
Summary: This study examines the association between subjective cognitive decline (sSCD) and objective cognition, finding a weak correlation between the two. Older age, poor sleep quality, and higher anxiety are independent predictors of sSCD. The study suggests that sSCD, in the absence of objective decline, may be an example of poor meta-cognition and a potential driver for functional cognitive disorder (FCD).
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valeria Guglielmi, Davide Quaranta, Giovanna Masone Iacobucci, Salvatore Citro, Irene Scala, Danilo Genovese, Valerio Brunetti, Camillo Marra, Paolo Calabresi, Giacomo Della Marca
Summary: This study aimed to assess the cognitive impairment within 1 week after mechanical thrombectomy. It was found that some patients experienced cognitive impairment after the procedure, which may lead to worse neurological and functional outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Megan E. Shepherd-Banigan, Cassie B. Ford, Valerie A. Smith, Emmanuelle Belanger, Terrie T. Wetle, Brenda L. Plassman, James R. Burke, Nicole DePasquale, Emily C. O'Brien, Corinna Sorenson, Courtney H. Van Houtven
Summary: This study examines the association between amyloid-beta PET scan results and care-partner wellbeing. The results suggest that elevated amyloid levels are not significantly associated with changes in care-partner wellbeing.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Bingyu Li, Jiefeng Bi, Chang Wei, Feng Sha
Summary: The study found that interacting with friends, playing Mah-jong or other games, providing infrequent help to others, and engaging in sports are significantly associated with participants' memory. Infrequent playing of Mah-jong or other games and daily sports are significantly associated with better mental status. The effects of each activity vary among different age groups, education levels, gender, and residences.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sanna Johansson, Hugo Lovheim, Birgitta Olofsson, Yngve Gustafson, Johan Niklasson
Summary: The study aimed to identify the most suitable items for a short version of the GDS-15 for adults aged 85 years and older using IRT. Items 3, 8, 12, and 13 were found to best differentiate levels of depressive symptoms corresponding to a GDS-15 cut off value of >= 5, forming the proposed short version (GDS-4 GERDA). The GDS-4 GERDA with a cut-off score of >= 2 had high sensitivity (92.9%) and specificity (85.0%) for identifying individuals with depression (total GDS-15 score >= 5) in this age group.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jerry Ohlin, Yngve Gustafson, Hakan Littbrand, Birgitta Olofsson, Annika Toots
Summary: Beyond simple cognitive performance assessment, improving dementia screening procedures is timely given the ongoing phenomenon of population aging. A slow or declining gait speed is a potential early indicator of cognitive decline in very old people. This study found that declining and slow gait speed were associated with higher odds of dementia development, and gait decline was linked to cognitive decline in participants who developed dementia, supporting the potential of gait speed tests to predict future cognitive decline among very old people in community and nursing home settings.
JOURNAL OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jerry Ohlin, Annika Toots, Albin Dahlin Almevall, Hakan Littbrand, Mia Conradsson, Carl Hornsten, Ursula Werneke, Johan Niklasson, Birgitta Olofsson, Yngve Gustafson, Patrik Wennberg, Stefan Soderberg
Summary: This study validated the International Physical Activity Questionnaire adapted for adults aged >= 80 years (IPAQ-E 80+) and found fair to substantial correlations with accelerometer measures. The questionnaire seems promising for ranking very old people according to levels of physical activity.
Article
Gerontology
Kerstin Viglund, Birgitta Olofsson, Berit Lundman, Astrid Norberg, Hugo Lovheim
Summary: This study found that crises and diseases positively predict inner strength, negatively predict well-being, and have no significant effect on health and function over time. Inner strength and well-being have a reciprocal positive relationship, and health and function is a positive predictor of inner strength in old people.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGEING
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Asa Karlsson, Birgitta Olofsson, Michael Stenvall, Nina Lindelof
Summary: This study aimed to explore older adults' experiences of rehabilitation and the recovery process after a hip fracture. The results indicated that rehabilitation interventions provided by competent healthcare professionals, as well as support from family members and friends, were crucial for satisfactory recovery. The participants' experiences highlighted the importance of addressing both the physical and psychological impacts, and customizing interventions to suit each individual's wishes and needs throughout the recovery process.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Erika Boman, Malin Nylander, Josefine Oja, Birgitta Olofsson
Summary: Transanal irrigation has been found to be effective in reducing difficulties associated with defecation and episodes of incontinence in individuals with neurogenic bowel dysfunction. It can also improve general satisfaction with bowel habits, quality of life, and reduce dependency. However, there are practical problems and adverse effects that need to be managed. More high-quality studies are needed to determine the feasibility of transanal irrigation.
GASTROENTEROLOGY NURSING
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Maria Burman, Carl Hornsten, Yngve Gustafson, Birgitta Olofsson, Peter Nordstrom
Summary: This study investigates the associations between body mass index (BMI), Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) scores, and 2-year mortality in older nursing home residents. It found that obesity, including severe obesity, was associated with lower mortality rates, while malnutrition was associated with higher mortality rates.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Albin Dahlin Almevall, Patrik Wennberg, Karin Zingmark, Jerry Ohlin, Stefan Soderberg, Birgitta Olofsson, Sofi Nordmark, Johan Niklasson
Summary: There is a lack of objective studies investigating the relationship between everyday physical activity and well-being in older adults. This study used accelerometer devices to measure daily physical activity and sedentary behavior in individuals aged 80 years or older, and explored their association with morale specifically designed for older adults.
Article
Gerontology
Josefine Lampinen, Mia Conradsson, Fredrica Nyqvist, Birgitta Olofsson, Yngve Gustafson, Ingeborg Nilsson, Hakan Littbrand
Summary: Loneliness and dementia are common among very old people. This study compared the prevalence of loneliness between elderly with and without dementia, and investigated factors associated with loneliness in each group. The prevalence of loneliness did not differ between the two groups, but the factors associated with loneliness varied.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGEING
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Helena Claesson Lingehall, Yngve Gustafson, Staffan Svenmarker, Micael Appelblad, Fredrik Davidsson, Fredrik Holmner, Alexander Wahba, Birgitta Olofsson
Summary: This study aims to investigate whether hyperosmolality increases the risk for postoperative delirium (POD). The results showed that the use of a prime solution with high osmolality did not increase the incidence of POD. However, further investigation is needed to determine the influence of hyperosmolality as a risk factor for POD.
SCANDINAVIAN CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
M. Burman, C. Hornsten, J. Ohlin, B. Olofsson, P. Nordstrom, Y. Gustafson
Summary: This study investigates the prevalence of obesity and malnutrition among very old adults aged 85 years and older between 2000 and 2017. The study found an increase in the mean BMI and prevalence of obesity over the years, while the nutritional status seemed to improve between 2000 and 2012, but declined by 2015-2017.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2022)
Article
Nursing
Anna Unneby, Yngve Gustafson, Birgitta Olofsson, Britt-Marie Lindgren
Summary: This study explored the experiences of older patients with hip fracture who received a femoral nerve block in terms of preoperative pain and pain management. The results revealed that the experience of pain and pain management was described as "hovering between heaven and hell", and patients had different feelings in dealing with pain and dependence on staff to relieve pain. The study suggests that pain management should be individualized to achieve well managed pain.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jerry Ohlin, Annika Toots, Hakan Littbrand, Patrik Wennberg, Birgitta Olofsson, Yngve Gustafson, Carl Hornsten, Ursula Werneke, Peter Nordstrom, Johan Niklasson, Stefan Soderberg
Summary: This study investigated the association between physical activity and subsequent dementia, cognitive function, and gait speed in people aged 80 years and older. The results indicated that low or medium physical activity did not associate with subsequent dementia, but was associated with executive function.
DEMENTIA AND GERIATRIC COGNITIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anette Nyberg, Birgitta Olofsson, Volker Otten, Michael Haney, Ann-Mari Fagerdahl
Summary: This study explored patient safety practices during joint replacement surgery through interviews with operating room nurses. Nurses described organizational, team, and individual level safety hazards, emphasizing the importance of teamwork, professional skill, and experience in addressing risks and ensuring patient safety. The study concludes that consistent performance attention and organizational support are needed to limit complications during surgeries.