Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Anshuman Cherala, Parth N. Pandya, Kenneth M. Liechti, S. V. Sreenivasan
Summary: Emerging nanoscale applications in energy, electronics, optics, and medicine can benefit from incorporating nanoshaped structures with sharp corners. By utilizing nanoimprint lithography followed by metal-assisted chemical etching, diamond-like nanoshapes have been shown to improve device performance. Studies suggest that scaling nanoshaped imprinting down to sub-10 nm levels is achievable with improved resist materials and novel bridge structures.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nils Lamers, Zhaojun Zhang, Jesper Wallentin
Summary: Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have been extensively studied as active materials for optoelectronic devices. This study presents a nonpolar solvent-based electron-beam-lithography process for the fabrication of MHP nanostructures. The method allows for the creation of sub-50 nm features and maintains the photoluminescence of CsPbBr3 nanowires. Additionally, metal contacts are successfully fabricated, demonstrating strong photoresponsivity. This approach provides an excellent tool for nanoscale MHP science and technology, enabling the fabrication of complex nanostructures.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ediz Kaan Herkert, Domenica Romina Bermeo Alvaro, Martina Recchia, Wolfgang Langbein, Paola Borri, Maria F. Garcia-Parajo
Summary: Biosensing applications often require single-molecule sensitivity in the presence of strong background signals. Plasmonic nanoantennas can confine and enhance light in volumes far below the diffraction limit, making them suitable for these tasks. Hybrid AiB platforms made of both gold and aluminum promise superior performance by providing better background screening and additional enhancements.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ondrej Dyck, Jacob L. Swett, Andrew R. Lupini, Jan A. Mol, Stephen Jesse
Summary: Electron-beam-induced current imaging of graphene single layers can be used to distinguish between layers and characterize conductivity, which is crucial for engineering applications.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Pei Zeng, Zhiwen Shu, Shi Zhang, Huikang Liang, Yuting Zhou, Dedong Ba, Zhanzu Feng, Mengjie Zheng, Jianhui Wu, Yiqin Chen, Huigao Duan
Summary: This study successfully demonstrates an effective approach for forming ultrasmall metallic nanogaps based on the spontaneous nanoscale dewetting effect during metal deposition. By adjusting the initial opening size of the exposed resist template, tiny metallic nanogaps can be obtained. The method is effective for fabricating sub-10 nm silver nanostructure gaps and even sub-5 nm metallic gaps.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tao Liu, Xujie Tong, Shuoqiu Tian, Yuying Xie, Mingsai Zhu, Bo Feng, Xiaohang Pan, Rui Zheng, Shan Wu, Ding Zhao, Yifang Chen, Bingrui Lu, Min Qiu
Summary: Ice lithography is a promising technology in nanotechnology, however, its theoretical modeling and understanding are still limited. In this study, a Monte Carlo algorithm-based modeling method for ice lithography is developed and simulations are performed. The comparisons with conventional electron beam lithography show the superior properties of ice lithography.
Article
Physics, Applied
Eugenia Pyurbeeva, Jacob L. Swett, Qingyu Ye, Oscar W. Kennedy, Jan A. Mol
Summary: Feedback-controlled electric breakdown of graphene can be applied to encapsulated graphene constrictions, resulting in conductance switching behavior attributed to atomic-scale fluctuations of graphene below the encapsulating layer. This method opens up possibilities for fabricating encapsulated room-temperature single-electron nanodevices and provides insights into the physical mechanism of conductance switching in graphene nanodevices.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mahya Ganjian, Khashayar Modaresifar, Dionysios Rompolas, Lidy E. E. Fratila-Apachitei, Amir A. A. Zadpoor
Summary: Developing a high-throughput nanopatterning technique with precise control over feature dimensions is crucial for studying cell-nanopattern interactions. This study presents a process that fulfills these criteria by using electron-beam lithography to fabricate controlled arrays of submicron pillars and developing etching procedures to create the desired height. The study demonstrates the significance of the fabricated pillars in inducing osteogenic differentiation and utilizes replication techniques to pattern bio-instructive surfaces. Overall, the method enables the precise fabrication of submicron and nanopatterns for systematic cell studies.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nesrine Aissaoui, Josephine Lai-Kee-Him, Allan Mills, Nathalie Declerck, Zakia Morichaud, Konstantin Brodolin, Sonia Baconnais, Eric Le Cam, Jean Baptiste Charbonnier, Remy Sounier, Sebastien Granier, Virginie Ropars, Patrick Bron, Gaetan Bellot
Summary: Technological breakthroughs in electron microscopy have made it possible to study biological macromolecular complexes with novel challenges, such as sample preparation and heterogeneous macromolecular assemblies. In this study, a V-shaped DNA origami template was used to position proteins, demonstrating a new approach for characterizing mechanosensitive proteins and expanding the range of potential targets for single-particle EM investigation. Validation with RNAP protein showed compatibility with cryo-EM sample preparation.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Vishwas Jindal, Vasam Sugunakar, Sandip Ghosh
Summary: This study describes an optical arrangement and procedure for photolithography on microscopic flakes of two-dimensional materials with any shape and size. The technique combines macroscopic masks with writing and projection of demagnified images to generate required patterns. The setup allows for direct lithography without specific masks or position markers.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
N. Janzen, M. Kononenko, S. Ren, A. Lupascu
Summary: A simple process based on single-step electron-beam gradient exposure is used to implement aluminum air bridges in superconducting quantum devices, enabling increased circuit complexity and density. The resulting bridges have a wide range of sizes and a yield exceeding 99%. The induced loss contributed to the system is negligible, making the bridges highly practical.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sampriti Ghosh, Monica Naorem, Rajan Singh, Roy P. Paily
Summary: This study demonstrates a high-performance Urea sensor using Cys-GO as a sensing material, showing excellent sensitivity, linearity, and selectivity, along with reusability and fast response time.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Optics
He Wei, Zhang Qi, Meng Fanyong, Zhu Lianqing
Summary: A tunable single-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser based on a varied-period plane diffraction grating for angle sensing measurement was proposed and experimentally demonstrated in this study. The designed grating was fabricated through line-by-line electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching, with the line density varying across the device according to a designed linear density function.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yijie Liu, Xuexuan Li, Ben Pei, Lin Ge, Zhuo Xiong, Zhen Zhang
Summary: Scanning probe lithography is a promising technology for nanoscale fabrication. This study proposes a novel framework for optimizing process parameters and segmenting features using machine learning. By extracting reliable information for statistical analysis, the framework enables the optimization of process parameters for smaller critical dimensions and large-scale nano-lithography.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Scott M. Lewis, Guy A. DeRose, Hayden R. Alty, Matthew S. Hunt, Nathan Lee, James A. Mann, Richard Grindell, Alex Wertheim, Lucia De Rose, Antonio Fernandez, Christopher A. Muryn, George F. S. Whitehead, Grigore A. Timco, Axel Scherer, Richard E. P. Winpenny
Summary: A new class of electron beam negative tone resist materials has been developed based on heterometallic rings. The initial resist performance demonstrates a resolution of 15 nm half-pitch but at the expense of a low sensitivity. Through the use of a 3D Monte Carlo simulation, sensitivity can be dramatically improved while maintaining high resolution, as shown by the simulation results.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Falko Schmidt, Hana Sipova-Jungova, Mikael Kaell, Alois Wuerger, Giovanni Volpe
Summary: Active nanoparticles in a critical solution show behavior far from equilibrium, with fast orbital rotations observed around the beam axis even with an increase in effective temperature.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Daniel Andren, Denis G. Baranov, Steven Jones, Giovanni Volpe, Ruggero Verre, Mikael Kall
Summary: Utilizing optomechanical effects, optical metavehicles can be constructed for microscopic particles to travel long distances under low-intensity plane-wave illumination and be steered by the polarization of the incident light. Demonstrating movement in complex patterns, self-correcting motion, and application as transport vehicles for microscopic cargoes, including unicellular organisms. The abundance of possible optical metasurfaces suggests the potential for developing a wide variety of metavehicles with specialized functional behaviors.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Optics
Rajath Sawant, Daniel Andren, Renato Juliano Martins, Samira Khadir, Ruggero Verre, Mikael Kall, Patrice Genevet
Summary: The study focuses on correcting various aberrations in optical systems using hybrid metalenses. Results show that at centimeter-scale hybrid metalenses, chromatic aberration and spherical aberration can be corrected by at least 80% and 70% respectively. The flexibility of adjusting various optical parameters with hybrid metasurfaces opens up new design opportunities for compact and broadband imaging, augmented reality/virtual reality, and holographic projection.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Mikael Kuisma, Benjamin Rousseaux, Krzysztof M. Czajkowski, Tuomas P. Rossi, Timur Shegai, Paul Erhart, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz
Summary: Ultrastrong coupling refers to a unique mode of interaction between light and matter, where the coupling strength is comparable to the resonance energy of the cavity or emitter. Traditional approximations to quantum optical Hamiltonians fail in the ultrastrong coupling regime, as the ground state of the coupled system obtains photonic characteristics, resulting in changes in ground-state energy. Using time-dependent density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that a single organic molecule can achieve ultrastrong coupling with a plasmonic dimer comprising of a few hundred atoms. The ultrastrong coupling leads to significant modifications in ground-state energy, accounting for a considerable portion of the total interaction energy.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Battulga Munkhbat, Piotr Wrobel, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz, Timur O. Shegai
Summary: Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are attracting significant attention for their remarkable optical and excitonic properties, with high refractive index and optical anisotropy making them attractive for nanophotonic applications. Experimental studies show that TMD multilayers exhibit high refractive index, significant anisotropy, and low absorption, offering new possibilities for the development of nanophotonics.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Krzysztof M. Czajkowski, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz
Summary: Large optical chirality near achiral high-index dielectric nanostructures has been found to enhance molecular circular dichroism. The dependence of this enhancement on the spatial distribution near high-index dielectric nanodisks is theoretically investigated. The results indicate that the choice of nanostructure and the presence of a substrate affect the spatial distribution of optical chirality.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Pernilla Ekborg-Tanner, J. Magnus Rahm, Victor Rosendal, Maria Bancerek, Tuomas P. Rossi, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz, Paul Erhart
Summary: This study utilized a multiscale modeling approach to determine optimal conditions for optical hydrogen sensing using the Pd-Au-H system, and observed the pattern of optical sensitivity changing with hydrogen concentration at the single nanoparticle level. While alloy composition has limited impact, it strongly affects hydrogen uptake and thermodynamic sensitivity.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ferry Anggoro Ardy Nugroho, Dominika Switlik, Antonius Armanious, Padraic O'Reilly, Iwan Darmadi, Sara Nilsson, Vladimir P. Zhdanov, Fredrik Hook, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz, Christoph Langhammer
Summary: This paper presents a dual-band nanoplasmonic ruler that enables real-time simultaneous measurements of thickness and refractive index variations in uniform and heterogeneous layers, as well as tracking shape changes of nanostructures. The ruler offers sub-nanometer resolution and label-free operation, making it an important tool for nanobiological research and applications.
Article
Optics
Battulga Munkhbat, Betul Kucukoz, Denis G. Baranov, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz, Timur O. Shegai
Summary: Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), including semiconducting WS2, in-plane anisotropic ReS2, and metallic TaSe2, TaS2, and NbSe2, have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional optical, excitonic, mechanical, and electronic properties. Nanostructured multilayer TMDs, with their high refractive indices and optical anisotropy, show promise for nanophotonic applications. Advanced nanofabrication strategies, including careful selection of resists for electron beam lithography and etching methods, are discussed, with a specific focus on non-conductive substrates such as SiO2. These TMD-based nanostructures have the potential to impact high-index nanophotonics, plasmonics, and on-chip optical circuits.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Falko Schmidt, Agnese Callegari, Abdallah Daddi-Moussa-Ider, Battulga Munkhbat, Ruggero Verre, Timur Shegai, Mikael Kaell, Hartmut Loewen, Andrea Gambassi, Giovanni Volpe
Summary: Researchers have demonstrated the tunable repulsive critical Casimir forces, which are important for the development of micro- and nanodevices. The stiction between parts in micro- and nanodevices, caused by attractive Casimir-Lifshitz forces, has been successfully counteracted by the repulsive critical Casimir forces. This breakthrough provides active control and precise tunability in the forces acting between the constituent parts.
Article
Optics
Mohammad Mahdi Shanei, Einstom Engay, Mikael Kaell
Summary: Researchers have proposed an ultra-thin silicon-based metasurface technology that enables simultaneous confinement and propulsion of microparticles, allowing for the trapping and transport of microscopic particles in a thin liquid cell. This technology is expected to play a significant role in areas such as miniaturized optical sensing, driving, and sorting.
Article
Optics
Arumona Edward Arumona, Krzysztof M. Czajkowski, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz
Summary: In this study, hyperbolic nanoresonators composed of anisotropic materials were investigated for their unique optical properties. The tunability of the optical resonances and the interplay between shape and material anisotropy in determining the spectral response were demonstrated. The quasistatic magnetic response of the nanoresonators revealed a material-dependent origin of the mode.
Article
Optics
Mindaugas Juodenas, Erik Strandberg, Alexander Grabowski, Johan Gustavsson, Hana Sipova-Jungova, Anders Larsson, Mikael Kall
Summary: Flat metaoptics components have the potential to replace classical optics elements, leading to compact biophotonics devices when integrated with on-chip light sources and detectors. However, shaping light into wide angular range wavefronts with high efficiency using metasurfaces, as required in high-contrast microscopy applications, remains a challenge.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Katarzyna Kluczyk-Korch, Tomasz. J. J. Antosiewicz
Summary: In strongly coupled light matter systems, the electronic energy levels and local electromagnetic field modes are intricately linked. The hybridization of these states creates new relaxation pathways, which are particularly important for plasmon decay into hot carriers. By using first principles calculations, we investigate the impact of the coupling strength between a plasmonic resonator and a molecule on hot carrier generation. Our atomistic approach enables the capture of changes in the electronic structure of the system. We find that hot carriers preferentially occur at excitation frequencies matching the new polaritonic resonances, and their energy distribution deviates significantly from that of the non-interacting system. This suggests the existence of new plasmon decay paths due to the appearance of hybridized nanoparticle-molecule states. We also observe direct electron transfer between the plasmonic nanoparticle and the molecule. Therefore, we can conclude that strong interaction between plasmonic nanostructures and molecules allows for manipulation of the energy distribution of generated hot carriers and opens up possibilities for charge transfer in the system.
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Daniel Midtvedt, Vasilii Mylnikov, Alexander Stilgoe, Mikael Kall, Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Giovanni Volpe
Summary: The deep-learning revolution is providing new opportunities for manipulating and harnessing light. It has already shown success in improving the design of nanophotonic devices and analyzing experimental data. However, challenges arise in understanding and interpreting the results and reliability of deep learning.