Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ching-Min Chang, Ming-Horng Tsai, Wei-Chao Liao, Peng-Hong Yang, Shiao-Wen Li, Shih-Ming Chu, Hsuan-Rong Huang, Ming-Chou Chiang, Jen-Fu Hsu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotics on the gut microbiota of extremely preterm infants. The results showed that probiotics increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and reduced the duration of total parenteral nutrition. The probiotic group also had a lower rate of late-onset sepsis.
Article
Cell Biology
Drew J. Schwartz, Nitan Shalon, Kate Wardenburg, Anna DeVeaux, Meghan A. Wallace, Carla Hall-Moore, I. Malick Ndao, Janice E. Sullivan, Paula Radmacher, Marilyn Escobedo, Carey-Ann D. Burnham, Barbara B. Warner, Phillip I. Tarr, Gautam Dantas
Summary: BSI in preterm infants is commonly transmitted through the gut microbiome and is associated with antibiotic exposure. Ampicillin, gentamicin, or vancomycin can increase the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcaceae in the gut of preterm infants. This study suggests that the microbial composition of the gut can be utilized to predict the risk of BSI in hospitalized preterm infants.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas F. Northrup, Angela L. Stotts, Robert Suchting, Georg E. Matt, Penelope J. E. Quintana, Amir M. Khan, Charles Green, Michelle R. Klawans, Mary Johnson, Neal Benowitz, Peyton Jacob, Eunha Hoh, Melbourne F. Hovell, Christopher J. Stewart
Summary: The study found differences in gut microbiomes of NICU-admitted infants with THS-related exposure, with infants from non-smoking households or with lower NICU-furniture nicotine content showing higher microbiome alpha-diversity. Associations between relative abundances of certain bacterial genera and urine cotinine, surface nicotine, and/or household cigarette use were observed.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Christine Manich Bech Baggesgaard, Anja Poulsen, Kia Hee Schultz Dungu, Lotte Jensen, Hanna Rahimi, Lise Aunsholt, Stine Lund
Summary: This study investigated the timeliness of childhood vaccinations in preterm infants in Denmark and identified factors influencing delayed vaccination. The results showed that most preterm infants received the first vaccination on time, but the timeliness decreased with subsequent vaccinations. Therefore, efforts should be made to educate healthcare personnel and parents to ensure timely vaccination.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alex R. Schuurman, Robert F. J. Kullberg, Willem Joost Wiersinga
Summary: There has been significant progress in understanding the gut microbiome in health and disease over the past decade. The gut microbiome interacts with the immune system and plays a crucial role in defending the host against pathogens. However, disturbances in the gut microbiome due to disease or interventions like antibiotic treatment can have negative consequences. This review focuses on the potential role of probiotics in the ICU, summarizes evidence from randomized clinical trials, and discusses challenges and future prospects.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marcus Wing Choy Loe, Kee Thai Yeo
Summary: This study aimed to describe the patterns of early-life surface colonization with multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) among newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The study found that MDROs accounted for a certain proportion of gram-negative bacteria in this setting.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Amy A. Lemke, Michelle L. Thompson, Emily C. Gimpel, Katelyn C. McNamara, Carla A. Rich, Candice R. Finnila, Meagan E. Cochran, James M. J. Lawlor, Kelly M. East, Kevin M. Bowling, Donald R. Latner, Susan M. Hiatt, Michelle D. Amaral, Whitley V. Kelley, Veronica Greve, David E. Gray, Stephanie A. Felker, Hannah Meddaugh, Ashley Cannon, Amanda Luedecke, Kelly E. Jackson, Laura G. Hendon, Hillary M. Janani, Marla Johnston, Lee Ann Merin, Sarah L. Deans, Carly Tuura, Trent Hughes, Heather Williams, Kelly Laborde, Matthew B. Neu, Jessica Patrick-Esteve, Anna C. E. Hurst, Brian M. Kirmse, Renate Savich, Steven B. Spedale, Sara J. Knight, Gregory S. Barsh, Bruce R. Korf, Gregory M. Cooper, Kyle B. Brothers
Summary: This study examined parents' experiences with genome sequencing (GS) as a first-line diagnostic tool for infants in the NICU. The results showed that GS in infancy is important for reproductive decision making, preparing for the child's care, ending the diagnostic odyssey, and sharing results with care providers. Most parents found the timing of disclosure acceptable, although the NICU environment was overwhelming for many. Parents did not consistently report negative impacts on parent-infant bonding and variable impact on feelings of guilt.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ageliki A. Karatza, Despoina Gkentzi, Anastasia Varvarigou
Summary: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) represents a severe sequela in neonates born very prematurely. Proper nutritional support is challenging in this high-risk population. The development of the lungs and physical growth are closely linked in infants with BPD. Adequate nutrition should promote growth and lung alveolarization. Meticulous follow-up is essential to prevent growth retardation and improve lung function.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Randall Jenkins, Devlynne Ondusko, Luke Montrose, Ryan Forbush, David Rozansky
Summary: The study shows that in a neonatal unit, infants receive 98% of DEHP exposure from respiratory devices, with bubble CPAP accounting for 95% of the total exposure. By avoiding the use of IV tubing containing DEHP and modifying respiratory equipment appropriately, DEHP exposure can be significantly reduced.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuanyuan Chen, Yanbo Lu, Ting Wang, Junhua Wu, Beirong Yu
Summary: The gut microbiome in preterm infants in the NICU changed with changes in feeding patterns, with the main gut bacteria being from the phyla Proteobacteria and genus Pseudomonas.
MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Victoria Robinson, Meredith A. Achey, Uttara P. Nag, Christopher R. Reed, Kristy S. Pahl, Rachel G. Greenberg, Reese H. Clark, Elisabeth T. Tracy
Summary: Thrombosis in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients is associated with prematurity, low birth weight, sepsis, and invasive procedures. The majority of infants diagnosed with thrombosis do not receive anticoagulation, but those who do have higher disease rates. Thrombosis in infants is linked to higher mortality and longer hospital stays.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lu Lin, Weiqin Liu, Jing Mu, Enmei Zhan, Hong Wei, Siqi Hong, Ziyu Hua
Summary: The establishment of NNICU has gradually improved and standardized neuroprotective therapy and clinical follow-up to improve neurodevelopmental prognosis of NE patients. The unit focused on neonatal neurocritical care for babies susceptible to NE with evidence-based medicine guidance.
Article
Pediatrics
Maissa Rayyan, Taher Omari, Veerle Cossey, Karel Allegaert, Nathalie Rommel
Summary: The study characterized esophageal motility and EGJ function in NICU patients using HRIM. Most infants showed normal esophageal motility and EGJ function, except those with esophageal atresia. Nutritive swallows transport mechanisms and EGJ function as an anti-reflux barrier appeared well-developed in all investigated NICU groups.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Manuela Lavelli, Alberto Stefana, Sang Han Lee, Beatrice Beebe
Summary: The study found that preterm infants shortly after birth are capable of contingent communication with parents, with mothers' interactions being more stimulating and fathers being more able to join the infant's dampened state. There were differences in interaction patterns between mothers and fathers, with fathers showing more contingent interactions with infants.
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sarah A. Coggins, Erika M. Edwards, Dustin D. Flannery, Jeffrey S. Gerber, Jeffrey D. Horbar, Karen M. Puopolo
Summary: This study describes late-onset Serratia infection in very preterm infants. Serratia infection is associated with lower survival rate and significant morbidity, highlighting the need for recognition and targeted prevention strategies for this opportunistic nosocomial infection.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Adrian L. Melott, Brian C. Thomas, Brian D. Fields
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ASTROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Crits-Christoph, Nicholas Bhattacharya, Matthew R. Olm, Yun S. Song, Jillian F. Banfield
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive computational analysis of transporters associated with characterized BGCs, revealing the predictive role of transporter genes in specialized metabolite structure and function, particularly in siderophore-like BGCs in premature infant gut microbiomes.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Sarkis, G. Beck, B. C. Thomas
Summary: Recent studies have shown that astrophysical events could lead to severe changes in the Earth's atmosphere, particularly affecting the ozone layer. The fluence of gamma-rays produced by dark matter could significantly deplete the terrestrial ozone levels, but the rate of extinction-level events caused by this phenomenon is lower compared to other astrophysical sources.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Hematology
Gregory J. Cost, Rebecca C. Lamothe, Meghan D. Storlie, Andres Rivas, Diego A. Espinosa, Daniela S. A. Goltsman, Lisa Alexander, Cristina N. Butterfield, Christopher T. Brown, Brian C. Thomas
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew R. Olm, Dylan Dahan, Matthew M. Carter, Bryan D. Merrill, Feiqiao B. Yu, Sunit Jain, Xiandong Meng, Surya Tripathi, Hannah Wastyk, Norma Neff, Susan Holmes, Erica D. Sonnenburg, Aashish R. Jha, Justin L. Sonnenburg
Summary: This research found significant differences in infant microbiome between industrialized countries and the Hadza tribe in non-industrialized nations, with close associations between lifestyle and microbiome distribution and function between mother-infant pairs.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ian R. Brunton, Connor O'Mahoney, Brian D. Fields, Adrian L. Melott, Brian C. Thomas
Summary: The study focuses on the persistent X-ray emission from certain supernovae that have interactions with a dense circumstellar medium and are observed months and/or years after the initial outburst. These X-ray-luminous supernovae pose a significant threat to Earth-like planetary atmospheres and have larger ranges of influence than previously expected. They could also have lethal consequences up to about 50 parsecs away and impact the habitable zone in the galaxy. Follow-up X-ray observations are needed to shed light on the nature and evolution of the emission and clarify the danger these events pose for life in our galaxy and other star-forming regions.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Brian C. Thomas, Alexander M. Yelland
Summary: We have reevaluated recent studies on the effects of cosmic rays from nearby supernovae on Earth, considering an early-time suppression at lower cosmic ray energies. The inclusion of this suppression leads to lower overall cosmic ray fluxes, atmospheric ionization, ozone depletion, and sea-level muon radiation doses. Our results indicate that muon radiation is unlikely to be a significant threat to the biosphere beyond 20 pc, and the lethal distance of supernovae should be closer to 20 pc rather than the typically quoted 8-10 pc.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Rebecca C. Lamothe, Meghan D. Storlie, Diego A. Espinosa, Rachel Rudlaff, Patrick Browne, Jason Liu, Andres Rivas, Audra Devoto, Jennifer Oki, Ashcon Khoubyari, Daniela S. Aliaga Goltsman, Jyun-Liang Lin, Cristina N. Butterfield, Christopher T. Brown, Brian C. Thomas, Gregory J. Cost
Summary: Development of medicines using gene editing has faced challenges from enzymological and immunological aspects. A new study describes the development of three improved gene-editing systems and demonstrates their application in cell therapy development. These systems enable reproducible, high-frequency gene editing in primary immune cells.
Meeting Abstract
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jason Liu, Daniela S. A. Goltsman, Lisa M. Alexander, Christine A. Romano, Khak Khak Khayi, Owen P. Janson, Liliana Gonzalez-Osorio, Audra E. Devoto, Cristina N. Butterfield, Brian C. Thomas, Gregory J. Cost, Christopher T. Brown
Meeting Abstract
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gregory J. Cost, Rebecca C. Lamothe, Meghan D. Storlie, Andres Rivas, Diego A. Espinosa, Daniela S. A. Goltsman, Lisa Alexander, Cristina N. Butterfield, Christopher T. Brown, Brian C. Thomas
Meeting Abstract
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Daniela S. A. Goltsman, Jason Liu, Audra E. Devoto, Cristina N. Butterfield, Brian C. Thomas, Christopher T. Brown
Meeting Abstract
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Daniela S. A. Goltsman, Lisa Alexander, Jason Liu, Cindy J. Castelle, Audra E. Devoto, Morayma M. Temoche-Diaz, Alan R. Brooks, Rebecca C. Lamothe, Gregory J. Cost, Cristina N. Butterfield, Brian C. Thomas, Christopher T. Brown
Meeting Abstract
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Morayma M. Temoche-Diaz, Janet Mei, Cristina N. Butterfield, Andres Perez Rivas, Daniela S. A. Goltsman, Christopher T. Brown, Brian C. Thomas, Alan R. Brooks
Meeting Abstract
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Cristina N. Butterfield, Aaron Lin, Daniela S. A. Goltsman, Lisa Alexander, Morayma Temoche-Diaz, Alan R. Brooks, Christopher T. Brown, Brian C. Thomas
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Brian C. Thomas, Dimitra Atri, Adrian L. Melott
Summary: By analyzing the impact of high-energy gamma-ray burst afterglow photons on planetary atmospheres, we found a small depletion in ozone and a slight enhancement of muon flux at the planet's surface. Overall, the additional afterglow emissions, including TeV photons, do not have a significantly larger impact compared to previous studies.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)