Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hongye Li, Jonathan A. Lane, Juchun Chen, Zerong Lu, Hongwei Wang, Sushil Dhital, Xiong Fu, Qiang Huang, Feitong Liu, Bin Zhang
Summary: This study examined the fermentation characteristics of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) by different Bifidobacterium longum-dominant infant fecal microbiota in vitro. Results showed that different types of HMOs had varying effects on fermentation rates and metabolite production, with sialylated HMOs producing less lactate. Additionally, HMOs and GOS were found to maintain or increase the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium longum, while FOS promoted Klebsiella pneumoniae.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Britta E. Heiss, Amy M. Ehrlich, Maria X. Maldonado-Gomez, Diana H. Taft, Jules A. Larke, Michael L. Goodson, Carolyn M. Slupsky, Daniel J. Tancredi, Helen E. Raybould, David A. Mills
Summary: The interaction between bacterial-milk glycans alone drives enrichment of beneficial Bifidobacterium, impacting gut microbiota composition, activating anti-inflammatory pathways, and providing protection against chemically-induced colitis. This study demonstrates the importance of human milk oligosaccharides in the colonization of Bifidobacterium in the gut, highlighting the mechanisms of health promotion by bifidobacteria in neonates.
Article
Microbiology
Valentina Ambrogi, Francesca Bottacini, John O'Callaghan, Eoghan Casey, Justin van Breen, Barry Schoemaker, Linqiu Cao, Bas Kuipers, Mary O'Connell Motherway, Margriet Schoterman, Douwe van Sinderen
Summary: This study further characterized seven bifidobacterial beta-galactosidases, finding that they all possess transgalactosylation activity but differ in efficiency. Chromatography analysis showed that these enzymes generate two distinct GOS mixtures with varying degrees of polymerization. These findings may pave the way for future studies in synthesizing new GOS variants with enhanced prebiotic activities.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Guus A. M. Kortman, Harro M. Timmerman, Anne Schaafsma, Eline Stoutjesdijk, Frits A. J. Muskiet, Nguyen V. Nhien, Els van Hoffen, Jos Boekhorst, Arjen Nauta
Summary: This observational study revealed differences in breast milk and infant gut microbiota composition among five geographical regions in Vietnam, most likely due to maternal nutrition. Therefore, there could be opportunities to steer infant microbiota development in a more desired (rural instead of urban) direction through the mother's diet.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chenyuan Wang, Shusen Li, Erna Sun, Ran Xiao, Ran Wang, Yimei Ren, Jingjing He, Qi Zhang, Jing Zhan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of fermented milk containing MN-Gup or MN-Gup-based synbiotics on high fat diet-induced obesity in rats. The interventions were found to alleviate obesity and inflammation, and regulate gut microbiota and microbial metabolites.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shunhao Zhang, Tianle Li, Jing Xie, Demao Zhang, Caixia Pi, Lingyun Zhou, Wenbin Yang
Summary: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in human milk play a crucial role in infant growth and health by interacting with the gut microbiota to support beneficial bacteria growth, exhibit anti-pathogenic effects, and modulate intestinal epithelial cell response. Recent studies have shown the potential of HMOs in improving infant health and reducing disease risk, emphasizing the molecular basis of their beneficial effects.
MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Patrick Schimmel, Lennart Kleinjans, Roger S. Bongers, Jan Knol, Clara Belzer
Summary: Human milk contains urea, which may serve as a nitrogen source for infant gut microbiota. Breastfed infants were found to have more urease-related genes, indicating a potential role of dietary nitrogen in shaping bacterial metabolism and microbiome composition in early life.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Haiyan Wang, Ximei Zhang, Peng Kang, Xiuxiu Cui, Guo Hao, Zhongfu Wang, Bei Han, Xin Lv, Jing Zhang, Wupeng Ge
Summary: Oligosaccharides and N/O-glycans are abundant in human milk, with variations observed during lactation. Colostrum has the highest levels of oligosaccharides, which decrease as lactation progresses. Sialylated oligosaccharides and N/O-glycans are highly abundant in colostrum.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hatice Duman, Merve Kaplan, Aysenur Arslan, Arif Sercan Sahutoglu, Haci Mehmet Kayili, Steven A. Frese, Sercan Karav
Summary: Human milk is crucial for infant nutrition, promoting the growth of Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome through HMOs. Despite efforts to mimic these benefits in formula, human milk's bifidogenicity remains unmatched. The use of the EndoBI-1 enzyme to release N-glycans present in infant formula shows promise in enhancing bifidogenicity.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Fan Liu, Jingyu Yan, Xifan Wang, Chenyuan Wang, Lingli Chen, Yiran Li, Jianliang Chen, Huiyuan Guo
Summary: This study analyzed the profiles of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) from secretor or non-secretor mothers and the fecal microbiota composition of breastfed infants. The results showed higher levels of total and fucosylated HMOs in secretor mothers, while Bifidobacterium genus was more abundant in infants fed by non-secretor mothers. Associations between specific HMOs and Bifidobacterium strains were also found.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Seoyoon Cho, Tinu M. Samuel, Tengfei Li, Brittany R. Howell, Kristine Baluyot, Heather C. Hazlett, Jed T. Elison, Hongtu Zhu, Jonas Hauser, Norbert Sprenger, Weili Lin
Summary: The study aims to determine the interaction between human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), gut microbiota, and cognitive development. The results show that HMOs, Bacteroides species, and Bifidobacterium species interact with each other and are associated with infant cognitive development. These findings are important for understanding the mechanisms underlying early cognitive development.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Na Zhang, Mingliang Jin, Kaiming Wang, Zhihong Zhang, Nagendra P. Shah, Hua Wei
Summary: The human intestine contains abundant nutrients and a complex microbiota that play crucial roles in overall health. Deprivation of microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) in the gut leads to bacterial diversity loss, disruption of intestinal barrier function, and inflammatory diseases. Functional oligosaccharides, acting as prebiotics, have important effects on intestinal health through their fermentation in the gut, promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids, and regulating the gut microbiota.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Lynn E. Ferro, Kameron Y. Sugino, Vanja Klepac-Ceraj, Sarah S. Comstock
Summary: This study reported the abundance and prevalence of HMO-metabolizing genes in fecal samples from human infants, finding that certain genes were more abundant in infants fed human milk, while others tended to be less abundant with a higher intake of solid foods. The study showed a positive association between human milk exposure and certain gene abundance.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aidong Wang, Aly Diana, Sofa Rahmannia, Rosalind S. Gibson, Lisa A. Houghton, Carolyn M. Slupsky
Summary: This study shows that the secretor status of the mother has an impact on the gut microbiome of exclusively breastfed infants. It also found differences in fecal metabolites between infants fed milk from secretor and non-secretor mothers.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bin Zhang, Long-Qing Li, Feitong Liu, Jian-Yong Wu
Summary: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are crucial for the development of infant gut microbiota, epithelial barrier, and immune function. The deficiency of HMOs in bovine milk-based infant formula is a major cause of immune disorders in formula-fed infants. Current research focuses on the structure, mechanisms, and effects of HMOs on infant gut microbiota and immune function.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yu-Ping Huang, Randall C. Robinson, Fernanda Furlan Goncalves Dias, Juliana Maria Leite Nobrega de Moura Bell, Daniela Barile
Summary: This study evaluated different SPE approaches and found that mixed-mode SPE is more suitable than conventional reverse-phase SPE in improving LC-MS/MS analysis of both oligosaccharides and peptides simultaneously.
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jungjae Park, Yapa Wickramasinghe, Karen Kalanetra, David A. Mills, Peng Ji
Article
Food Science & Technology
Juliana A. S. Leite, Randall C. Robinson, Jaime Salcedo, Juliana N. R. Ract, Virginia S. Quintal, Carmen C. Tadini, Daniela Barile
Summary: This study investigated the impact of microwave-assisted heating on the concentration of key biological compounds in donor human milk. Compared to low-temperature long-time pasteurization, microwave-assisted heating better preserved the concentration of immunoglobulins and lactoferrin, making it a promising alternative method for Human Milk Banks.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Andrew Oliver, Zhengyao Xue, Yirui T. Villanueva, Blythe Durbin-Johnson, Zeynep Alkan, Diana H. Taft, Jinxin Liu, Ian Korf, Kevin D. Laugero, Charles B. Stephensen, David A. Mills, Mary E. Kable, Danielle G. Lemay
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global health problem, and it is predicted to worsen in the future. The microbiome carries antibiotic resistance, and interventions aimed at modifying the gut microbiome may help reduce antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study examined the association between diet and AMR in healthy adults. It found that aminoglycosides were the most prevalent mechanism of AMR, and individuals with low levels of ARGs consumed more fiber in their diets, which was associated with increased abundances of obligate anaerobes in their gut microbiota. Machine learning analysis also revealed that a diverse diet was associated with lower levels of ARGs. These findings suggest that diet could be a potential method for reducing the burden of AMR.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Diana H. Taft, Zachery T. Lewis, Nhu Nguyen, Steve Ho, Chad Masarweh, Vanessa Dunne-Castagna, Daniel J. Tancredi, M. Nazmul Huda, Charles B. Stephensen, Katie Hinde, Erika von Mutius, Pirkka Kirjavainen, Jean-Charles Dalphin, Roger Lauener, Josef Riedler, Jennifer T. Smilowitz, J. Bruce German, Ardythe L. Morrow, David A. Mills
Summary: Bifidobacterium colonization patterns in breastfed infants are related to a country's history of breastfeeding. This study emphasizes the importance of considering historical and cultural influences on the prevalence of gut commensals and understanding bacteria transmission patterns.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Juan J. Castillo, Garret Couture, Nikita P. Bacalzo, Ye Chen, Elizabeth L. Chin, Sarah E. Blecksmith, Yasmine Y. Bouzid, Yael Vainberg, Chad Masarweh, Qingwen Zhou, Jennifer T. Smilowitz, J. Bruce German, David A. Mills, Danielle G. Lemay, Carlito B. Lebrilla
Summary: The molecular complexity of carbohydrates consumed by humans has been oversimplified due to the lack of suitable analytical methods. This work presents a detailed catalogue of glycans in commonly consumed foods and establishes an open-access database. The Glycopedia can be used to formulate targeted diets that modulate the gut microbiome, opening possibilities for new preventative or therapeutic diets.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sierra D. Durham, Danielle G. Lemay, Zhe Wei, Kenneth F. Kalscheur, John W. Finley, Naomi K. Fukagawa, Daniela Barile
Summary: Consuming a low starch high fiber diet promoted greater overall bovine milk oligosaccharide production than a low fiber high starch diet in a population of midlactation Holstein dairy cattle.
CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jules A. Larke, Kara Kuhn-Riordon, Diana H. Taft, Kristin Sohn, Sameeia Iqbal, Mark A. Underwood, David A. Mills, Carolyn M. Slupsky
Summary: This study compares the impact of two probiotic supplements on fecal microbiota and metabolites, as well as gut inflammation in human milk-fed preterm infants. The results demonstrate that supplementing with a HMO-catabolizing Bifidobacterium probiotic increases microbial metabolism of milk oligosaccharides and reduces intestinal inflammation, while a noncatabolizing Lactobacillus probiotic does not have the same effects.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kannikar Vongbhavit, Lauren K. Salinero, Karen M. Kalanetra, Chad Masarweh, Alice Yu, Diana H. Taft, David A. Mills, Mark A. Underwood
Summary: Microbial colonization in orogastric and nasogastric tubes show significant differences, with the route of insertion potentially having a greater impact on bacterial populations.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
J. Bruce German, Carlito Lebrilla, David A. Mills
Summary: The origin, composition, structures, and functions of lactation and milk's biopolymers are important evidence of the Darwinian pressure and selection on lactation as a complete and protective diet. Lactation serves as a sustainable bioreactor with diverse biopolymers that interact with the infant's digestive system from the mammary gland. The interaction between glycan structures in milk and bacteria in the infant's gut has significant health benefits.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sophia Pinton, Fernanda Furlan Goncalves Dias, Larry A. Lerno, Daniela Barile, Juliana Maria Leite Nobrega de Moura Bell
Summary: This study successfully extracted valuable phenolic compounds from grape pomace by optimizing the aqueous extraction parameters, avoiding the use of harsh solvents and reducing water usage. The countercurrent extraction process further reduced water consumption and improved the total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of the extracts.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Valeria Melendez Hebib, Diana H. Taft, Barbara Stoll, Jinxin Liu, Lee Call, Gregory Guthrie, Nick Jensen, Amy B. Hair, David A. Mills, Douglas G. Burrin
Summary: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the leading cause of death caused by gastrointestinal disease in preterm infants. Major risk factors include prematurity, formula feeding, and gut microbial colonization. Probiotics have been shown to reduce NEC incidence in infants, but their effectiveness depends on the specific species used.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David A. Mills, J. Bruce German, Carlito B. Lebrilla, Mark A. Underwood
Summary: For more than 100 years, doctors have observed the presence of bifidobacteria in the feces of breast-fed infants, which has been linked to their health. Recent advancements in genomics and glycomics have helped explain this enrichment and allowed for the targeted use of probiotics to restore bifidobacterial functions in at-risk infants. This review highlights two decades of research that has paved the way for the use of bifidobacteria in the intestines of at-risk newborns, and proposes a model for measuring probiotic efficacy in improving infant health based on metabolic outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sierra D. Durham, Zhe Wei, Danielle G. Lemay, Matthew C. Lange, Daniela Barile
Summary: The carbohydrate fraction in mammalian milks contains various oligosaccharides with different structures and compositions. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been studied extensively due to their biological roles. However, understanding milk oligosaccharides in other mammals is challenging due to inconsistent data reporting methods. This study created a comprehensive database, MilkOligoDB, which consists of 3193 entries of milk oligosaccharides from 77 different species across 113 publications.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amanda J. G. Sinrod, Ishita M. Shah, Ece Surek, Daniela Barile
Summary: Grape pomace, as a byproduct of winemaking, contains bioactive compounds that can improve human health, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and enhance gut microbiome complexity. Dietary fiber in pomace may contribute to the cardioprotective effects. Understanding the potential prebiotic capacity of bioactive compounds in grape pomace is important for utilizing its functional properties.