Article
Veterinary Sciences
Bjarne Vermeire, Liara M. Gonzalez, Robert J. J. Jansens, Eric Cox, Bert Devriendt
Summary: Porcine enteroids respond similarly to in vivo gut tissues to enterotoxins from enterotoxigenic E. coli, displaying dysregulated electrolyte balance and inflammation marker secretion. These enteroids also support adhesion of specific pathogen strains, indicating their potential as a valuable model for studying host-pathogen interactions in the pig gut and accelerating the development of veterinary therapeutics.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Martin Beaumont, Fany Blanc, Claire Cherbuy, Giorgia Egidy, Elisabetta Giuffra, Sonia Lacroix-Lamande, Agnes Wiedemann
Summary: Culturing farm animal intestinal organoids has become a valuable tool in research, enabling efficient reduction of live animal use and exploration of physiological and pathological aspects of the intestine.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Egi Kardia, Michael Frese, Elena Smertina, Tanja Strive, Xi-Lei Zeng, Mary Estes, Robyn N. Hall
Summary: This study introduced a robust protocol for isolating, maintaining, and differentiating rabbit small intestinal organoids and organoid-derived cell monolayers. The organoids grew most efficiently in L-WRN-conditioned medium supplemented with specific inhibitors, showing differentiation into various cell types. Despite efforts to infect the rabbit organoids with Rabbit calicivirus Australia-1, no evidence of virus replication was detected, suggesting potential requirements for specific host cell types or additional co-factors in productive infection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Dan Zhao, Morgan B. Farnell, Michael H. Kogut, Kenneth J. Genovese, Robert S. Chapkin, Laurie A. Davidson, Luc R. Berghman, Yuhua Z. Farnell
Summary: This study successfully generated crypt-derived organoids from chicken intestines and optimized conditions for their growth and cryopreservation. The developed model will contribute to understanding host-pathogen interactions and discovering pathogen intervention strategies in poultry.
Article
Cell Biology
Zachary K. Criss, Nobel Bhasin, Sara C. Di Rienzi, Anubama Rajan, Kali Deans-Fielder, Ganesh Swaminathan, Nabiollah Kamyabi, Xi-Lei Zeng, Harsha Doddapaneni, Vipin K. Menon, Deepavali Chakravarti, Clarissa Estrella, Xiaomin Yu, Ketki Patil, Joseph F. Petrosino, James C. Fleet, Michael P. Verzi, Sylvia Christakos, Michael A. Helmrath, Sumimasa Arimura, Ronald A. DePinho, Robert A. Britton, Anthony W. Maresso, K. Jane Grande-Allen, Sarah E. Blutt, Sue E. Crawford, Mary K. Estes, Sasirekha Ramani, Noah F. Shroyer
Summary: The study investigated the impact of common variations in culture methods on the transcriptome of human intestinal epithelial organoids, finding that substrate and format had the largest effects on transcriptomic variation, while patient heterogeneity and specific experimental manipulations had smaller effects. Results show that variations in culture conditions can significantly influence intestinal organoids and should be considered when designing experiments and comparing results between laboratories.
PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ana Krotenberg Garcia, Arianna Fumagalli, Huy Quang Le, Rene Jackstadt, Tamsin Rosemary Margaret Lannagan, Owen J. Sansom, Jacco van Rheenen, Saskia J. E. Suijkerbuijk
Summary: Competitive cell interactions between cancer cells and wild-type cells lead to the active elimination of normal cells and promotion of cancer cell proliferation. This process is driven by cell-state change in wild-type cells and activation of JNK signaling, ultimately resulting in the out-competition of normal cells by cancer cells.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vivian S. W. Li
Summary: In 2020, major progress has been made in understanding gastrointestinal inflammatory and infectious diseases through the use of 'mini-gut' organoids, including the discovery of somatic inflammatory gene mutations in ulcerative colitis epithelium, a unique mutational signature in colorectal cancer caused by genotoxic Escherichia coli, and the infection of intestinal organoids by SARS-CoV-2.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Grace Adeniyi-Ipadeola, Hephzibah Nwanosike, Sasirekha Ramani
Summary: Laboratory studies of host-microbe interactions have traditionally used transformed cell lines and animal models. However, recent advances in human intestinal organoid (HIO) cultures have allowed exciting discoveries of host-microbe interactions. This review discusses the use of HIOs to study the pathogenesis of clinically important bacteria and viruses, as well as commensal intestinal microbes. It also explores limitations of current HIO culture systems and how technical advances are improving the model.
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Charlie J. Childs, Emily M. Holloway, Caden W. Sweet, Yu-Hwai Tsai, Angeline Wu, Abigail Vallie, Madeline K. Eiken, Meghan M. Capeling, Rachel K. Zwick, Brisa Palikuqi, Coralie Trentesaux, Joshua H. Wu, Oscar Pellon-Cardenas, Charles J. Zhang, Ian Glass, Claudia Loebel, Qianhui Yu, J. Gray Camp, Jonathan Z. Sexton, Ophir D. Klein, Michael P. Verzi, Jason R. Spence
Summary: Epithelial organoids known as enteroids, derived from intestinal tissue, have the ability to replicate many characteristics of the intestine in vitro. In this study, the researchers identified EPIREGULIN (EREG) as an important signaling molecule in the developing human intestine and demonstrated that it creates a homeostatic niche, enabling the study of stem cell function, cellular differentiation, and disease modeling.
Article
Immunology
Nongthombam Boby, Xuewei Cao, Alyssa Ransom, Barcley T. Pace, Christopher Mabee, Monica N. Shroyer, Arpita Das, Peter J. Didier, Sudesh K. Srivastav, Edith Porter, Qiuying Sha, Bapi Pahar
Summary: Research has shown that under SIV infection, intestinal epithelial regeneration decreases, certain cell types increase, and differentially expressed genes in important pathways are downregulated. Despite the lack of significant reduction in stem cell population, dysregulation of intestinal stem cell niche factors, presence of inflammatory factors, and loss of epithelial barrier function, suggest that SIV infection impacts epithelial cell proliferation and intestinal homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Cait M. Costello, Graham G. Willsey, Angelene F. Richards, Jaeyoon Kim, Matteo S. Pizzuto, Stefano Jaconi, Fabio Benigni, Davide Corti, Nicholas J. Mantis, John C. March
Summary: Secretory IgA (SIgA) is the most abundant antibody type in intestinal secretions, playing a key role in protecting the epithelium from invasive pathogens like STm. Experiments in human Enteroids and HIOs have shown that Sal4 IgA can effectively reduce invasion by STm.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Guizela Huelsz-Prince, Rutger Nico Ulbe Kok, Yvonne Goos, Lotte Bruens, Xuan Zheng, Saskia Ellenbroek, Jacco Van Rheenen, Sander Tans, Jeroen S. van Zon
Summary: During the renewal of the intestine, the proliferative behavior of cells in the crypts exhibits a high degree of symmetry between sister cells, which minimizes fluctuations in cell number. This behavior is controlled through the mother cell's lineage and provides a concrete mechanism to balance proliferation and differentiation.
Article
Immunology
Jie Huang, Cong Zhou, Guanghong Zhou, Haokun Li, Keping Ye
Summary: Infection with Listeria monocytogenes affects intestinal stem cells by damaging intestinal epithelium, reducing cell proliferation, and interfering with stem cell differentiation. It also increases mortality rates and impacts the expression of key genes in stem cell regulation. The study highlights the importance of using small intestinal organoids as an experimental model to study the interactions between intestinal epithelium and pathogens.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshio Takahashi, Kazuto Fujishima, Mineko Kengaku
Summary: This article focuses on the importance of intestinal epithelial cells, introducing the different types of intestinal epithelial cells and their roles in the small intestine. It also highlights the importance of the cholinergic system in IEC growth and differentiation, and outlines the potential use of organoids in medical research and new treatment methods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Carine Bouffi, Kathryn A. Wikenheiser-Brokamp, Praneet Chaturvedi, Nambirajan Sundaram, Gillian R. Goddard, Mark Wunderlich, Nicole E. Brown, Janet F. Staab, Rachel Latanich, Nicholas C. Zachos, Emily M. Holloway, Maxime M. Mahe, Holly M. Poling, Simon Vales, Garrett W. Fisher, Jason R. Spence, James C. Mulloy, Aaron M. Zorn, James M. Wells, Michael A. Helmrath
Summary: Human intestinal organoids (HIOs) derived from pluripotent stem cells were transplanted into mice with a humanized immune system to incorporate immune cells. The transplanted HIOs exhibited migration and formation of cellular aggregates similar to human intestinal lymphoid follicles. Upon microbial exposure, the HIOs showed increased epithelial microfold cells and immune cell activation through IgA antibody secretion, providing a useful model for studying infection- or allergen-driven intestinal diseases.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kathryn A. Knoop, Paige E. Coughlin, Alexandria N. Floyd, I. Malick Ndao, Carla Hall-Moore, Nurmohammad Shaikh, Andrew J. Gasparrini, Brigida Rusconi, Marilyn Escobedo, Misty Good, Barbara B. Warner, Phillip I. Tarr, Rodney D. Newberry
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kathryn A. Knoop, Keely G. McDonald, Paige E. Coughlin, Devesha H. Kulkarni, Jenny K. Gustafsson, Brigida Rusconi, Vini John, I. Malick Ndao, Avraham Beigelman, Misty Good, Barbara B. Warner, Charles O. Elson, Chyi-Song Hsieh, Simon P. Hogan, Phillip I. Tarr, Rodney D. Newberry
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lila S. Nolan, Jamie M. Rimer, Misty Good
Article
Immunology
Yasuka Matsunaga, Trevon Clark, Alanna G. Wanek, Jacob P. Bitoun, Qingqing Gong, Misty Good, Jay K. Kolls
Summary: Type 17 cytokines, particularly IL-17, play crucial roles in mucosal immunity by regulating the production of antimicrobial peptides and controlling the generation of pathogen-specific IgA(+) antibody-secreting cells in the intestine.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Melissa Bauserman, Margarita Vasquez, Patricia R. Chess, Melissa Carbajal, Misty Good, Heather French, Kris Reber, Erin Cicalese, Karena Lawrence, Brittany Schwarz, Allison Payne, Robert Angert, Maria Gillam-Krakauer, Jotishna Sharma, Elizabeth Bonachea, Jennifer Trzaski, Lindsay Johnston, Rita Dadiz, Josephine Enciso, Alison Falck, Mackenzie Frost, Megan Gray, Susan Izatt, Sara Kane, Autumn Kiefer, Kristen Leeman, Sabrina Malik, Patrick Myers, Jayasree Nair, Deirdre O'Reilly, Taylor Sawyer, M. Cody Smith, Kate Stanley, Jennifer Wambach, C. Lydia Wraight
Summary: Neonatal-perinatal medicine fellows are required to achieve scholarly accomplishment in training, but there is a small number of MD-only physician-scientists pursuing research-oriented careers. Factors contributing to the decline in physician-scientists in neonatology include low pay, inadequate research training, and perceptions of poor work-life balance. Improvements in funding and mentorship are needed to foster interest in physician-scientist careers and prevent further declines.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Misty Good, Tianjiao Chu, Patricia Shaw, Lila S. Nolan, Lora McClain, Austin Chamberlain, Carlos Castro, Qingqing Gong, Krista Cooksey, Laura Linneman, Olivia N. DeWitt, David N. Finegold, David G. Peters
Summary: This study identified significant genomic hypermethylation in NEC tissues compared to non-NEC controls, particularly in regions outside CpG islands and gene regulatory elements. The findings suggest a specific methylomic signature associated with NEC that can be detected noninvasively, providing a new opportunity for the development of a novel diagnostic method for NEC.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hala Chaaban, Kathryn Burge, Jeffrey Eckert, MaJoi Trammell, David Dyer, Ravi S. Keshari, Robert Silasi, Girija Regmi, Cristina Lupu, Misty Good, Steven J. McElroy, Florea Lupu
Summary: In this study, it was found that oral supplementation of HA 35 KDa to mouse pups led to increased intestinal epithelial cell proliferation, as well as the development of Paneth cells and goblet cell subsets. Additionally, HA 35 KDa impacted the composition of the intestinal microbiota, suggesting potential implications for further research.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Maria Gillam-Krakauer, Jotishna Sharma, Patrick Myers, Melissa M. Bauserman
Summary: A successful Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine fellowship program requires support from national and institutional supervisory organizations, as well as effective program-specific leaders. However, program leaders face challenges due to increased regulatory burden and unclear national guidelines. National and local organizations can provide leadership training and support to help them succeed academically and reduce burnout and turnover.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lila S. Nolan, Angela N. Lewis, Qingqing Gong, James J. Sollome, Olivia N. DeWitt, Robert D. Williams, Misty Good
Summary: Metabolomics analysis of breast milk from mothers of preterm infants revealed significant differences in metabolites related to fatty acid metabolism, oligosaccharides, amino sugars, amino acids, vitamins, and oxidative stress between mothers of infants with different birth weights. Understanding these differences may provide insights into tailored nutrition and care for preterm newborns in the future.
Article
Biology
Cliff J. Luke, Stephanie Markovina, Misty Good, Ira E. Wight, Brian J. Thomas, John M. Linneman, Wyatt E. Lanik, Olga Koroleva, Maggie R. Coffman, Mark T. Miedel, Qingqing Gong, Arlise Andress, Marlene Campos Guerrero, Songyan Wang, LiYun Chen, Wandy L. Beatty, Kelsey N. Hausmann, Frances White, James A. J. Fitzpatrick, Anthony Orvedahl, Stephen C. Pak, Gary A. Silverman
Summary: Lysoptosis is a eukaryotic stand-alone regulated cell death pathway that predominates in the absence of neutralizing endogenous inhibitors. It is characterized by lysosomal membrane permeabilization and the release of cathepsin L.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Amy B. Hair, Misty Good
Summary: Management strategies for intestinal failure include referral to a rehabilitation center, small volume trophic feeds to stimulate the intestine, cautious advancement of enteral nutrition, and supplemental parenteral nutrition. This review discusses the causes of intestinal failure, parenteral nutrition strategies, enteral feeding initiation and advancement protocols, as well as the challenges in feeding an infant with intestinal failure.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Amy B. Hair, Brian Scottoline, Misty Good
Summary: Fortifying human milk is crucial for the growth and development of VLBW infants. While mother's milk is the preferred nutrition, fortification is necessary to meet the needs of VLBW infants. Decisions regarding fortification method, timing, and duration are important when using mother's milk or donor milk.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Lauren C. Frazer, Misty Good
Summary: Rapid development of the fetal and neonatal intestine is necessary for growth and protection. In utero, the fetus receives nutrition and is protected, allowing the intestine to develop in a quiescent environment. After birth, the intestine needs to provide defense and nutrition, which is achieved through the development of specialized epithelial cells from intestinal stem cells. Interrupting these homeostatic processes can lead to intestinal diseases, such as necrotizing enterocolitis.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kewei Wang, Guozhong Tao, Zhen Sun, Jingjing Wei, Junlin Liu, Jordan Taylor, Michelle Gibson, Mirko Mostaghimi, Misty Good, Karl G. Sylvester
Summary: A modified ELISA protocol was developed to detect fecal K8 in newborns with NEC, showing significantly higher levels of fecal K8 in the NEC group compared to the non-NEC group. Fecal K8 levels were highest at the onset of NEC and decreased after the resolution of the disease. Similar trends were observed in fecal calprotectin, but not in total WBC count. Therefore, fecal K8 may serve as a noninvasive and specific marker for intestinal epithelial injury associated with NEC.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lila S. Nolan, Qingqing Gong, Heather N. Hofmeister, Misty Good
Summary: Recapitulating human NEC using animal models has provided valuable insights into the disease pathology and potential therapeutic strategies. This in vivo murine NEC model using hypoxia and enteric bacteria aims to further dissect NEC pathogenesis and develop new treatments. For the full protocol details, please refer to Mihi et al. (2021).
