Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jasmine Carter, Jeffery Bettag, Sylvia Morfin, Chandrashekhara Manithody, Aakash Nagarapu, Aditya Jain, Hala Nazzal, Sai Prem, Meghan Unes, Matthew McHale, Chien-Jung Lin, Chelsea Hutchinson, Grace Trello, Arti Jain, Edward Portz, Arun Verma, Marzena Swiderska-Syn, Daniel Goldenberg, Kento Kurashima
Summary: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a condition caused by a reduction in the length or functional capacity of the intestine. The gut microbiome plays a significant role in modulating disease progression in SBS patients. The composition and shifts of gut bacteria in SBS and the resulting systemic effects have been extensively studied, revealing the variability and dependence on multiple factors. The bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain, regulated by the microbiome, known as the gut-brain axis (GBA), also has implications in SBS.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Longsha Liu, Jun R. Huh, Khalid Shah
Summary: The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the development of neurological diseases, and this article explores the complex interactions between the gut microbiome and neurological conditions. It discusses the transition from lab research to clinical application and the limitations of current approaches. The authors emphasize the need for therapeutic models that take into account the diverse gut bacteria to advance the treatment of neurological diseases.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Emily M. Klann, Upuli Dissanayake, Anjela Gurrala, Matthew Farrer, Aparna Wagle Shukla, Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora, Volker Mai, Vinata Vedam-Mai
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of misfolded alpha-synuclein protein in certain neurons. Recent research suggests a potential relationship between gut bacteria and the brain, known as the microbiome-gut-brain axis, which may play a role in the development of Parkinson's disease. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the relationship between gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease, discussing the role of alpha-synuclein and potential interventions.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yi Huang, Yuhang Hong, Shu Wu, Xiaozhen Yang, Qiang Huang, Yanzhen Dong, Dayong Xu, Zhiqiu Huang
Summary: The present study investigated the toxic effects of IMI on the brain and gut of zebrafish by analyzing the transcriptome and microbiome. The results showed that prolonged darkness improved survival rate and attenuated oxidative stress induced by IMI exposure. Microbiome analysis also revealed changes in gut bacterial community structure and tryptophan metabolism pathway inhibition, which were alleviated in the prolonged darkness group.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Leyla Nazarova, Hong Liu, Hongrong Xie, Lufeng Wang, Hao Ding, Hedi An, Dongya Huang
Summary: The study suggests that targeting the gut-brain axis through electroacupuncture in early stages of Parkinson's disease may be an effective therapeutic option for managing both non-motor and motor symptoms. The results showed improvement in various clinical scales and significant alterations in gut bacterial composition after the treatment.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Amer H. Asseri, Tahani Bakhsh, Samah Sulaiman Abuzahrah, Sajad Ali, Irfan A. Rather
Summary: The human gut microbiota consists of over 100 trillion organisms, mainly bacteria, outnumbering the host body cells by a factor of ten. The gastrointestinal tract, housing a large number of immune cells, plays a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis. However, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota can lead to inflammation and tumorigenesis. This review explores the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis on cancer development and discusses the potential of manipulating the gut microbiota for cancer therapies.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kazunori Suda, Kazunori Matsuda
Summary: The gut microbiome influences the brain functions and psychological state of its host through the gut-brain axis, and gut dysbiosis is associated with mental illnesses. Animal experiments have shown that gut microbiota depletion leads to behavioral changes and pathological changes. Short-chain fatty acids like butyrate are associated with the up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and gut dysbiosis causes decreased levels of BDNF, potentially impacting neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. The influx of gut microbial components and systemic inflammation may cause neuroinflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ewelina Mlynarska, Joanna Gadzinowska, Julita Tokarek, Joanna Forycka, Aleksandra Szuman, Beata Franczyk, Jacek Rysz
Summary: This review investigates the impact of gut microbiota on the development of depression and the underlying molecular mechanisms. There are two possible pathways in which this interaction might occur, one suggesting that depressive disorder could lead to dysbiosis and the other considering if changes in gut microbiota might cause depressive disorder. The mechanisms responsible for this interaction include the secretion of neurotransmitters, gut peptides, and the activation of the immune system. However, more research is needed to explore the direct mechanisms of the interaction between gut microbiota and mental health.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kunal Dixit, Diptaraj Chaudhari, Dhiraj Dhotre, Yogesh Shouche, Sunil Saroj
Summary: The human microbiome is a complex and dynamic ecosystem, with dysbiosis leading to various pathological conditions. The gut microbiome starts to develop before birth, influenced by factors such as birth mode, lifestyle, dietary practices, and medications. Restoring the dysbiotic microbiome has shown promise as a therapeutic approach.
Review
Neurosciences
Sandy Reyes-Martinez, Lorena Segura-Real, Ana Pamela Gomez-Garcia, Emiliano Tesoro-Cruz, Luis A. Constantino-Jonapa, Amedeo Amedei, Maria M. Aguirre-Garcia
Summary: Depression is a major cause of disability worldwide, and it is important to study the influence of gut microbiota and the immune system on mental illnesses, especially depression. Understanding the communication between the gut and the brain and its impact on neuroinflammation can help improve treatments for Major Depressive Disorder.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Charlotte R. Denman, Sang Myun Park, Junghyun Jo
Summary: Gut dysbiosis and psychiatric symptoms are common early manifestations of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Recent studies have found that these pathological proteins are linked with gut dysbiosis and psychiatric disorders. The gut-brain axis acts as a bidirectional communication pathway between the enteric and central nervous systems, influencing brain function and behavior. This review summarizes the roles of gut dysbiosis and psychiatric disorders in pathological protein-related neurodegenerative diseases and explores the interrelationships and overlaps between them.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agata Chudzik, Anna Orzylowska, Radoslaw Rola, Greg J. Stanisz
Summary: The brain-gut-microbiome axis is a bidirectional communication pathway between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system. Studies have shown that certain probiotics can help alleviate symptoms of depression, and clinical trials have demonstrated improvements in mood and changes in biochemical parameters in patients with depressive disorders.
Review
Microbiology
Aditya Enjeti, Harindra Darshana Sathkumara, Andreas Kupz
Summary: Tuberculosis (TB) has been a global infectious disease problem for a long time. Efforts to eliminate TB have been hindered by factors such as the complexity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Studying the immunomodulatory role of gastrointestinal microbiota offers a new direction for TB research.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniela Ratto, Elisa Roda, Marcello Romeo, Maria Teresa Venuti, Anthea Desiderio, Giuseppe Lupo, Enrica Capelli, Anna Sandionigi, Paola Rossi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of physiological aging on gut microbiome composition and the relationship between cognitive frailty and gut microbiome composition. The results showed that physiological aging significantly affected the overall gut microbiome composition and the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa. Additionally, several amplicon sequence variants were found to be significantly associated with the Cognitive Frailty Index.
Review
Neurosciences
Hwei-Ee Tan
Summary: Humans and animals have instinctive physiological responses to threats. The stress response, triggered by the perception of threat, can lead to major depressive disorders and other mental impairments. Understanding the role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of mental disorders, including depression, may revolutionize our understanding of the biology of stress and depression.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)