Article
Physiology
Senyue Liu, Lin Luo, Fengyuan Zuo, Xiaoli Huang, Liang Zhong, Sha Liu, Yi Geng, Yangping Ou, Defang Chen, Wenlong Cai, Yongqiang Deng
Summary: This study reveals the toxic effect of ammonia nitrogen stress on the intestine of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Ammonia nitrogen stress causes structural damage to the intestine, reduction in mucous cells, and decreased enzyme activity. Ultrastructural pathology shows sparse microvilli, badly degraded tight junctions, and impaired intestinal mucosal barrier. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR analysis further confirm the damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier and the occurrence of intestinal inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xin-yu You, Han-yu Zhang, Xu Han, Fang Wang, Peng-wei Zhuang, Yan-jun Zhang
Summary: Interactions between nerves, immune cells, gut microbes, and various receptors play crucial roles in regulating intestinal inflammation and improving mucosal barrier function, which are important therapeutic targets for many diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Han Zheng, Chi Zhang, Qianqian Wang, Shuyan Feng, Yi Fang, Shuo Zhang
Summary: The dysfunctional immune system in the intestinal mucosa with age promotes the occurrence of age-associated diseases. While there have been numerous studies on the impact of aging on systemic immunity, the research on the impact of aging on the intestinal mucosal immune system is relatively limited. This review briefly introduces the effects of aging on the intestinal mucosal barrier, immune cells, immune molecules, and the interaction between intestinal mucosal immunity and gut microbiota during aging. Additionally, potential strategies to slow down intestinal aging in the elderly are discussed.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Qihui Luo, Xinyu Lei, Jing Xu, Asad Jahangir, Junbo He, Chao Huang, Wentao Liu, Anchun Cheng, Li Tang, Yi Geng, Zhengli Chen
Summary: Duck-origin parvovirus disease is characterized by persistent diarrhea, skeletal dysplasia, and growth retardation caused by duck-origin goose parvovirus (D-GPV). Infection with D-GPV disrupts the structure of gut microbiota, leading to intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction, ultimately affecting immune function and tight-junction protein expression. Further exploration is needed to clarify the specific mechanism of the relationship between intestinal barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis caused by D-GPV.
Article
Virology
Xiaolei Wang, Widade Ziani, Ronald S. Veazey, Huanbin Xu
Summary: The size of the HIV reservoir in CD4+ T cells during primary infection remains unknown. Memory CD4+ T cells appear to be the major targets for primary infection, and viral reservoirs are equally distributed in systemic and lymphoid compartments in acutely SIV-infected macaques.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xue-Hui Wang, Tian-Zhang Song, Hong-Yi Zheng, Yi-Hui Li, Yong-Tang Zheng
Summary: The destruction of intestinal epithelial barrier appears earlier than mucosal immune dysfunction in early stages of HIV and SIV infections, primarily due to oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are identified as key contributors to gut epithelial barrier disruption in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meng Jin, Huimin Zhang, Meixu Wu, Zheng Wang, Xuanfu Chen, Mingyue Guo, Runing Zhou, Hong Yang, Jiaming Qian
Summary: Intestinal barrier dysfunction plays a critical role in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a key regulator of this barrier. IL-22 is activated in the pancreas and colon during SAP, but declines faster than other proinflammatory cytokines. Colonic IL-22 can improve intestinal barrier dysfunction by reducing mucosal permeability, upregulating E-cadherin and ZO-1 expression, activating the pSTAT3/Reg3 pathway, and restoring fecal microbiota abundance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiang Xu, Gao Zhang, Kun Peng, Yanping Gao, Jinxia Wang, Caiping Gao, Chong He, Fang Lu
Summary: This study found that carnosol (CA) has inhibitory effects on ulcerative colitis. The results showed that CA can alleviate clinical symptoms and tissue damage of colitis, as well as suppress inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine expression. In addition, CA can restore epithelial barrier functions and maintain the homeostasis of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Mechanistically, CA exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in epithelial cells.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhongmei Sun, Junxiang Li, Wenting Wang, Yuyue Liu, Jia Liu, Hui Jiang, Qiongqiong Lu, Panghua Ding, Rui Shi, Xingjie Zhao, Wenjing Yuan, Xiang Tan, Xiaojun Shi, Yunqi Xing, Tangyou Mao
Summary: Orally administrated QCWZD accelerates intestinal mucosal healing by modulating dysregulated gut microbiota and metabolism, regulating intestinal stem cells-mediated epithelial proliferation, and potentially offering novel microbial-based therapies for IBD.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Peng Wang, Peiyu Guo, Yanhui Wang, Xiangyun Teng, Huaqi Zhang, Lirui Sun, Meilan Xue, Hui Liang
Summary: Evidence suggests that propolis has neuroprotective properties and can regulate intestinal bacteria flora, potentially affecting both ends of the brain gut axis. However, there is currently no clear evidence on the effects of propolis on alcohol-induced depression. This study establishes a model of alcoholic depression in mice and shows that propolis treatment can protect against alcohol-induced depressive symptoms and nerve cell injury, restore levels of BDNF and dopamine, repair intestinal leakage, increase the expression levels of tight junction proteins, and reduce pro-inflammatory markers.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yao Cui, Wenjing Sun, Qinmei Li, Kaijun Wang, Yuhan Wang, Feifei Lv, Xiaogang Chen, Xiaomin Peng, Ying Wang, Jiang Li, Hongbin Si
Summary: The study demonstrates that Caulis Spatholobi polysaccharide (CSP) has protective effects on immune function, intestinal mucosal barrier, and intestinal microflora in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed chickens. CSP can increase body weight, immune organ index, and the secretion of cytokines and immunoglobulins in chickens. Additionally, it reduces intestinal injury, improves intestinal health, and enhances the abundance of Lactobacillus in the intestine.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Diprasom Das, Harm HogenEsch, Shankar Thangamani
Summary: This study reveals that treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics increases the colonization and dissemination of Candida auris from the intestine. Furthermore, the intestinal colonization of C. auris alters the microbiome composition of antibiotic-treated mice. In C. auris infected mice, the number of CD11b+ CX3CR1+ macrophages in the intestine is significantly decreased, while the increase of Th17 and Th22 cells is comparable to Candida albicans infection. Candida-specific IgA is significantly increased in the serum of C. auris infected mice.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fernanda Raya-Tonetti, Melisa Muller, Jacinto Sacur, Haruki Kitazawa, Julio Villena, Maria Guadalupe Vizoso-Pinto
Summary: Two LysM domains of Limosilactobacillus fermentum were characterized, showing potential as an antigen display platform. Nasal immunization with a complex Venus-Acglu-BLPs027 significantly increased specific immunoglobulin levels and induced cytokine secretion in spleen cells. A Gateway compatible destination vector was constructed for easy fusion of LysM domains to develop mucosal subunit vaccines.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Huaiyu Wang, Pingchao Li, Mo Zhang, Jinpeng Bi, Yizi He, Fangshen Li, Rongzhen Yu, Feng Gao, Wei Kong, Bin Yu, Ling Chen, Xianghui Yu
Summary: This study evaluated the ability of a vaccine called BLP-PAM to induce HIV-1-specific mucosal and systemic immune responses through intranasal and intramuscular immunization strategies in rhesus macaques. The results showed that the vaccine could induce mucosal immune responses and the production of neutralizing antibodies, and immune responses were improved through boosting immunization.
MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Enhui Tang, Tong Hu, Zhaokang Jiang, Xiaojun Shen, Huan Lin, Haiyan Xian, Xinlan Wu
Summary: Isoquercitrin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage in mice by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappa B signaling pathway and modulating the intestinal flora.
Article
Microbiology
Afam A. Okoye, Remi Fromentin, Hiroshi Takata, Jessica H. Brehm, Yoshinori Fukazawa, Bryan Randall, Marion Pardons, Vincent Tai, Jun Tang, Jeremy Smedley, Michael Axthelm, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Louis J. Picker, David Favre, Lydie Trautmann, Nicolas Chomont
Summary: The study discusses a novel latency-reversing agent called GSK445A, which has shown promise in inducing HIV and SIV latency reversal in vitro, and has demonstrated a tolerable safety profile in nonhuman primates. This suggests potential for further evaluation of this PKC-agonist in strategies to cure HIV.
Review
Immunology
Sho Sugawara, R. Keith Reeves, Stephanie Jost
Summary: This article reviews the known characteristics of innate immune responses in HIV-1 elite controllers (ECs) and animal models, identifies gaps in knowledge regarding responses by adaptive or trained innate immune cells, and speculates on potential strategies to induce EC-like responses in non-controllers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Andrew Wilson, Jennifer A. Manuzak, Hua Liang, Ana R. Leda, Nichole Klatt, Rebecca M. Lynch
Summary: This study tested the effects of oral probiotics on vaccine-specific mucosal immunity in a Rhesus macaque Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus challenge model. It found that animals given probiotics plus vaccine had lower HIV Env-specific titers in the plasma, suggesting that probiotic supplementation may be a strategy for reducing IgA-specific HIV antibodies in circulation.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jennifer A. Manuzak, Janeway Granche, Katherine Tassiopoulos, Joseph E. Rower, Justin R. Knox, Dionna W. Williams, Ronald J. Ellis, Karl Goodkin, Anjali Sharma, Kristine M. Erlandson
Summary: In the AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5322 (HAILO) study, it was found that older people (>= 40 years old) with HIV who are current cannabis users are less likely to adhere to antiretroviral therapy compared to non-cannabis users. This finding is clinically significant as suboptimal ART adherence is associated with drug resistance, virologic failure, and increased risk of mortality.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kyle W. W. Kroll, Griffin Woolley, Karen Terry, Thomas A. A. Premeaux, Cecilia M. M. Shikuma, Michael J. J. Corley, Scott Bowler, Lishomwa C. C. Ndhlovu, R. Keith Reeves
Summary: This study examines the impact of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy on plasma analytes in individuals. The results indicate that there are variations in plasma composition regardless of age and HIV status. Associations with age, duration of infection, and viral load were found, likely due to prolonged HIV disease progression or long-term use of antiretroviral therapy.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ethan Morgan, Jennifer A. Manuzak, Courtney Broedlow, Hannah Hudson, Richard D'Aquila, Adam W. Carrico, Nichole R. Klatt, Brian Mustanski
Summary: Compared to young heterosexual men, young sexual and gender minorities (YSGM) have elevated systemic inflammation and unique intestinal microbial profiles, influenced by HIV infection and substance use. Problematic cannabis use, but not general use, was significantly inversely associated with microbial community richness and Shannon diversity in YSGM, adjusting for HIV status and other risk characteristics. Future research should aim to assess how cannabis use contributes to microbiome-related health factors among YSGM and if decreasing cannabis use can restore gut microbial community structure.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alicia R. Berard, Douglas K. Brubaker, Kenzie Birse, Alana Lamont, Romel D. Mackelprang, Laura Noel-Romas, Michelle Perner, Xuanlin Hou, Elizabeth Irungu, Nelly Mugo, Samantha Knodel, Timothy R. Muwonge, Elly Katabira, Sean M. Hughes, Claire Levy, Fernanda L. Calienes, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Jared M. Baeten, Connie Celum, Florian Hladik, Jairam Lingappa, Adam D. Burgener
Summary: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by changes in vaginal microbiome composition, leading to epithelial disruption and inflammation. This study identifies the microbiome-mTOR axis as a central feature of epithelial dysfunction in BV, with Gardnerella and M. mulieris, as well as imidazole propionate, playing key roles in affecting epithelial barrier function and mTOR pathway activation.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kyle Kroll, R. Keith Reeves
Summary: This protocol provides detailed steps for identifying human NK cells, including flow gating, data export and loading, dimensionality reduction and visualization, and generalized linear modeling. These analyses can help identify potential biomarkers associated with age and treatment groups to distinguish NK cells.
Article
Immunology
Nicolas Huot, Cyril Planchais, Pierre Rosenbaum, Vanessa Contreras, Beatrice Jacquelin, Caroline Petitdemange, Marie Lazzerini, Emma Beaumont, Aurelio Orta-Resendiz, Felix A. Rey, R. Keith Reeves, Roger Le Grand, Hugo Mouquet, Michaela Mueller-Trutwin
Summary: The study reveals that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) regulates the persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in bronchoalveolar macrophages from cynomolgus macaques up to 18 months postinfection. There is an interplay between NK cells and macrophages, and the production of IFN-gamma plays a regulatory role in the persistence of SARS-CoV-2.
Article
Microbiology
Sho Sugawara, Brady Hueber, Griffin Woolley, Karen Terry, Kyle Kroll, Cordelia Manickam, Daniel R. Ram, Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu, Paul Goepfert, Stephanie Jost, R. Keith Reeves
Summary: Natural killer (NK) cells play important roles in defense against HIV-1 and SIV infections, but their functions are often dysregulated. The comprehensive understanding of NK cell signaling is lacking. In this study, we developed a multiplex signaling assay for NK cells and found that CD16 signaling is downregulated in chronic lentiviral infections. We demonstrated that increased ADAM17 expression and elevated plasma IL-18 levels are involved in this downregulation, and perturbing ADAM17 can restore CD16 expression and signaling. This study provides insights into impaired NK cell activities and offers potential for NK cell-based immunotherapeutics for HIV-1 disease.
Review
Immunology
Philippe Rascle, Griffin Woolley, Stephanie Jost, Cordelia Manickam, R. Keith Reeves
Summary: Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in defending against viral infections and cancers. The balance between activating and inhibitory NK cell receptors determines the overall NK cell response. NK cell education, which is influenced by factors such as self-major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules and inhibitory KIR expression, is crucial in generating tuned effector NK cell responses in different diseases. This review discusses the relationship between NK cell education and various physiological factors, as well as the diverse effector functions of educated NK cells in different pathologies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
C. Manickam, A. Afifi, R. Jones, S. Sugawara, R. K. Reeves
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Veterinary Sciences
Cordelia Manickam, Kyle Kroll, Rhianna Jones, Roger Reeves
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Veterinary Sciences
Cordelia Manickam, Kyle Kroll, Rhianna Jones, Roger Reeves
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Veterinary Sciences
Rachel Spreng, Marina Tuyishime, Brady Hueber, Junsuke Nohara, Derrick Goodman, Cliburn Chan, R. Whitney Edwards, Shalini Jha, Justin Pollara, Kevin Wiehe, Max He, David Easterhoff, Haleigh Conley, Taylor Hoxie, Thaddeus Gurley, Caroline Jones, Francois Villinger, M. Anthony Moody, Georgia Tomaras, R. Keith Reeves, Guido Ferrari
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY
(2022)