Article
Medicine, General & Internal
K. C. Madhav, Jane Fan, Terry Hyslop, Sirad Hassan, Michael Cecchini, Shi-Yi Wang, Andrea Silber, Michael S. Leapman, Ira Leeds, Stephanie B. Wheeler, Lisa P. Spees, Cary P. Gross, Maryam Lustberg, Rachel A. Greenup, Amy C. Justice, Kevin C. Oeffinger, Michaela A. Dinan
Summary: This study aimed to assess the absolute and relative cancer-specific vs noncancer-specific mortality rates among long-term survivors of breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer and identify associated risk factors. The results showed that patients at low risk had a higher noncancer-specific mortality compared with cancer-specific mortality, while patients at high risk had a higher cumulative incidence of cancer-specific mortality than noncancer-specific mortality.
Article
Biology
Qianxi Feng, Eric Nickels, Ivo S. Muskens, Adam J. de Smith, W. James Gauderman, Amy C. Yee, Charite Ricker, Thomas Mack, Andrew D. Leavitt, Lucy A. Godley, Joseph L. Wiemels
Summary: The study evaluated the genetic predisposition of early-onset cancers by comparing family-based cancer concordance rates among different ethnic groups. Significant differences were found in the relative cancer risks among different races/ethnicities, highlighting the need for increased attention to the genetics of early-onset cancer predisposition and environmental factors in race/ethnic minority families in the United States.
Letter
Oncology
Smrithi Chidambaram, Su-Hsin Chang, Vlad C. Sandulache, Angela L. Mazul, Jose P. Zevallos
Summary: This cross-sectional study investigates the HPV vaccination rate and eligible population among younger veterans and civilians.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Brent A. Langellier, Paul J. Fleming, Jessie B. Kemmick Pintor, Jim P. Stimpson
Summary: Allostatic load has been increasing over time across different racial and birthplace groups in the U.S. Foreign-born Blacks and Latinx, as well as U.S.-born Black women, experienced more severe stress over time. Policy interventions should focus on reducing exposure to stressors and promoting equitable opportunities for optimal health among racial/ethnic minorities and immigrants.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Klodian Dhana, Lisa L. Barnes, Puja Agarwal, Xiaoran Liu, Anisa Dhana, Pankaja Desai, Neelum Aggarwal, Denis A. Evans, Kumar B. Rajan
Summary: The intake of vitamin D, especially dietary vitamin D, is associated with a slower decline in cognitive function among Blacks. However, there is no association between vitamin D intake and cognitive decline among Whites.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexis Reeves, Michael R. Elliott, Tene T. Lewis, Carrie A. Karvonen-Gutierrez, William H. Herman, Sioban D. Harlow
Summary: This cohort study evaluates racial or ethnic disparities in age at onset of cardiometabolic outcomes and highlights the importance of addressing selection biases. The study finds that Black and Hispanic women have earlier onset of hypertension and metabolic diseases compared to White women, and adjusting for selection biases further decreases the estimated age at onset. These results suggest the need to target hypertension and metabolic interventions to women as young as 30 and 40 years old, particularly for Black and Hispanic women.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rebecca Baqiyyah N. Conway, Staci Sudenga, Donald McClain, William J. Blot
Summary: The study from the Southern Community Cohort found a significant difference in the association between diabetes and liver cancer risk among African Americans and White/European Americans. Diabetes has a more significant impact on liver cancer risk among White/European Americans compared to African Americans.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
John D. Heintzman, David N. Ezekiel-Herrera, Ana R. Quinones, Jennifer A. Lucas, Joseph E. Carroll, Sophia H. Gielbultowicz, Erika C. Cottrell, Miguel Marino
Summary: This study found that Latino patients in community health centers in the United States were more likely to receive stool-based screening tests for colorectal cancer than non-Hispanic Whites, but they were less likely to receive endoscopy referrals, even with a positive stool-based screening test. Initiatives to improve colorectal cancer outcomes in Latino populations should focus on promoting indicated referrals for lower gastrointestinal endoscopy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Wenqing Jia, Tao Zhang, Haiyan Huang, Haoran Feng, Shaodong Wang, Zichao Guo, Zhiping Luo, Xiaopin Ji, Xi Cheng, Ren Zhao
Summary: This review provides a brief summary of different categories of colorectal cancer (CRC) vaccines and presents current outcomes of relevant clinical trials. It particularly focuses on recent advances in nanovaccines and neoantigen vaccines, which represent the trend and emphasis in CRC vaccine development.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chad A. Miller, Clara L. Wilkins, Clara de Paula Couto, Jessica Farias, Jaclyn A. Lisnek
Summary: Since the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, racial disparities in infection, morbidity, and mortality rates have been reported. Black, Native, and mixed-race individuals in the U.S. and Brazil were more affected by COVID-19 than White people. The study examined how anti-Black attitudes among Whites influenced their concern and behaviors related to the pandemic.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
K. M. Venkat Narayan, Dimple Kondal, Natalie Daya, Unjali P. Gujral, Deepa Mohan, Shivani A. Patel, Roopa Shivashankar, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Lisa R. Staimez, Mohammed K. Ali, Howard H. Chang, Masood Kadir, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Elizabeth Selvin, Viswanathan Mohan, Nikhil Tandon
Summary: The study showed that South Asian adults have lower BMI and are less insulin resistant compared to US blacks and whites, but have a higher incidence of diabetes than US whites, especially in non-obese subgroups. Factors other than insulin resistance, such as insulin secretion, may play a significant role in the development of diabetes in South Asians.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
RuthAnne Kavelaars, Haley Ward, deMauri S. Mackie, Kushal M. Modi, Anita Mohandas
Summary: This study examined the impact of self-reported and unrecognized anxiety symptoms on costs and quality of life. The research found that individuals with anxiety symptoms experienced worse quality of life, higher direct and indirect costs compared to those without symptoms. The severity of anxiety symptoms further worsened the outcomes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Jingyi Shi, Zhuang Sun, Zhaoya Gao, Dandan Huang, Haopeng Hong, Jin Gu
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a deadly form of cancer with poor long-term prognosis. Common treatments like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have limited success in preventing recurrence and metastasis. The combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy (RIT) shows potential, but more research is needed. This review summarizes the current applications and underlying mechanisms of RIT and highlights the importance of larger sample sizes and optimizing the combination therapy regimen for CRC.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Wenjie Ma, Molin Wang, Kai Wang, Yin Cao, Ellen Hertzmark, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Walter C. Willett, Edward L. Giovannucci, Mingyang Song, Andrew T. Chan
Summary: This study examined the association between age at initiation of endoscopy and the risk of colorectal cancer among US women, finding that starting endoscopy before the age of 50 was associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer, including cases diagnosed before the age of 55.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sanjay Goel, Abdissa Negassa, Ana Acuna-Villaorduna
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the real-world benefit of biologic drugs in Black patients compared to White patients with mCRC. The results showed that biochemotherapy had a significant survival benefit in the overall population, with similar benefits observed in both Black and White patients.
Letter
Oncology
Edward Christopher Dee, Patricia Mae G. Santos, Freddie Bray
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Melina Arnold, Eileen Morgan, Aude Bardot, Mark J. Rutherford, Jacques Ferlay, Alana Little, Bjorn Moller, Oliver Bucher, Prithwish De, Ryan R. Woods, Nathalie Saint-Jacques, Anna T. Gavin, Gerda Engholm, Michael P. Achiam, Geoff Porter, Paul M. Walsh, Sally Vernon, Serena Kozie, Agnihotram Ramanakumar, Charlotte Lynch, Samantha Harrison, Neil Merrett, Dianne L. O'Connell, Tom Mala, Mark Elwood, John Zalcberg, Dyfed W. Huws, David Ransom, Freddie Bray, Isabelle Soerjomataram
Summary: This study provides the first international comparison of oesophageal and gastric cancer survival by stage at diagnosis and histological subtype across high-income countries with similar access to healthcare. The results show that survival from these cancers varies across countries, particularly for localised disease, and differences in treatment, cancer registration practice, and staging methods may impact these comparisons.
Article
Oncology
Deependra Singh, Salvatore Vaccarella, Andrea Gini, Neimar De Paula Silva, Eva Steliarova-Foucher, Freddie Bray
Summary: This study examines the global patterns of Hodgkin lymphoma in 2020 and predicts the future incidence and mortality burden. The findings show that males have consistently higher incidence and mortality rates across different regions. Incidence rates vary significantly by regions, with the highest rates observed in Southern Europe, while mortality rates are elevated in Western Asia and Northern Africa. The study predicts an increase in the number of cases by 2040.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Ahmadaye Ibrahim Khalil, Silvia Franceschi, Catherine de Martel, Freddie Bray, Gary M. Clifford
Summary: This study estimates the burden of HIV-associated and non-HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) globally by investigating the HIV prevalence and KS cases. The results highlight the significant burden of HIV-associated KS in sub-Saharan Africa, even in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ahmadaye Ibrahim Khalil, Tharcisse Mpunga, Feixue Wei, Iacopo Baussano, Catherine de Martel, Freddie Bray, Dominik Stelzle, Scott Dryden-Peterson, Antoine Jaquet, Marie-Josephe Horner, Olutosin A. Awolude, Mario Jesus Trejo, Washington Mudini, Amr S. Soliman, Mazvita Sengayi-Muchengeti, Anna E. Coghill, Matthys C. van Aardt, Hugo De Vuyst, Stephen E. Hawes, Nathalie Broutet, Shona Dalal, Gary M. Clifford
Summary: HIV substantially worsens HPV carcinogenicity and contributes to excess cervical cancer cases, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Quantifying cervical cancer burden by age and HIV status can inform prevention efforts in this region. HIV has a greater impact on younger women and HIV-attributable cases tend to shift towards younger age groups.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Shaoming Wang, Rongshou Zheng, Melina Arnold, Christian Abnet, Hongmei Zeng, Siwei Zhang, Ru Chen, Kexin Sun, Li Li, Lan An, Freddie Bray, Wenqiang Wei, Jie He
Summary: A male predominance was observed in esophageal and gastric cancers across the world from 2003 to 2012, with variations in male-to-female incidence rate ratios by age. Further investigation is needed to understand the underlying etiologies of these cancers by histological subtype and subsite.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eileen Morgan, Melina Arnold, A. Gini, V Lorenzoni, C. J. Cabasag, Mathieu Laversanne, Jerome Vignat, Jacques Ferlay, Neil Murphy, Freddie Bray
Summary: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, with the highest incidence rates in Australia/New Zealand and Europe, and the lowest rates in Africa and Southern Asia. The burden of colorectal cancer is projected to increase by 2040, with the majority of cases predicted to occur in high HDI countries.
Article
Oncology
Ashish A. Deshmukh, Haluk Damgacioglu, Damien Georges, Kalyani Sonawane, Jacques Ferlay, Freddie Bray, Gary M. Clifford
Summary: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA), caused by HPV, has a higher incidence in persons living with HIV (PLWHIV). Globally, the number of female SCCA cases is twice that of males, with a higher burden in countries with a very high Human Development Index (HDI). Approximately 21% of male SCCA cases globally occur in PLWHIV, while only about 3% of female SCCA cases occur in this population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Harriet Rumgay, Melina Arnold, Jacques Ferlay, Olufunmilayo Lesi, Citadel J. Cabasag, Jerome Vignat, Mathieu Laversanne, Katherine A. McGlynn, Isabelle Soerjomataram
Summary: The burden of liver cancer varies across the world, and it is a major cause of death in many countries. The number of liver cancer cases and deaths is predicted to increase, with a significant rise expected by 2040.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hans Henrik Storm, Siri Laronningen, Freddie Bray
Summary: The KIN project provided timely cancer statistics for cancer control planning in the Nordic countries, and the development of NORDCAN project reduced investment costs and increased scientific value.
Article
Oncology
Ephrem Sedeta, Hyuna Sung, Mathieu Laversanne, Freddie Bray, Ahmedin Jemal
Summary: Using the World Health Organization mortality database, this study examines patterns and trends in cancer mortality rates for eight common forms of cancer in 47 countries across five continents (except Africa). The results show significant variations in cancer-specific mortality rates among countries, with infection-related and tobacco-related cancers having the largest differences. Most countries have seen a decrease in overall cancer mortality rates, except for lung cancer in females and liver cancer in males. The findings emphasize the importance of implementing targeted cancer prevention and control programs globally to reduce the growing cancer burden.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Adeylson Guimaraes Ribeiro, Jacques Ferlay, Salvatore Vaccarella, Maria do Rosario Dias de Oliveira Latorre, Jose Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani, Freddie Bray
Summary: There are significant disparities in cancer incidence and mortality based on area-level socioeconomic status (SES) in Sao Paulo, Brazil. A clear SES-cancer gradient was observed in the city of Sao Paulo, with higher SES areas having higher cancer incidence rates. In the Barretos region, there was no significant social gradient for cancer mortality. In Sao Paulo, higher SES was associated with higher incidence rates for colorectal, lung, female breast, and prostate cancer, while lower SES was associated with higher incidence and mortality rates for cervical cancer in both regions.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ganfeng Luo, Yanting Zhang, Jaione Etxeberria, Melina Arnold, Xiuyu Cai, Yuantao Hao, Huachun Zou
Summary: The future incidence of lung cancer is predicted to decrease among males and increase among females in most countries. The peak of female lung cancer incidence is expected to occur after the 2020s in European, Eastern Asian, and Oceanian countries. The highest ASRs are projected to occur among males in Belarus and among females in Denmark in 2035.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Andrew Harper, Fiona Schulte, Gregory M. T. Guilcher, Tony H. Truong, Kathleen Reynolds, Maria Spavor, Natalie Logie, Joon Lee, Miranda M. Fidler-Benaoudia
Summary: Treatments for childhood cancer can have negative long-term effects. This study presents the Alberta Childhood Cancer Survivorship Research Program, its cohort, and statistical outcomes. The cohort consisted of 2580 childhood cancer survivors, mostly male, diagnosed between 0 and 4 years old with leukemia, CNS tumor, or lymphoma. The median time since diagnosis was 5.5 years overall and 10.4 years for 5-year survivors. During follow-up, 82 subsequent cancers were diagnosed, along with various healthcare events and deaths.
Article
Oncology
Andrew Harper, Nicole Maseja, Reilly Parkinson, Mohammadreza Pakseresht, Sarah Mckillop, Jan-Willem Henning, Linda Watson, Colleen Cuthbert, Winson Cheung, Miranda M. Fidler-Benaoudia
Summary: Research findings indicated that adolescents and young adults experience significant symptom burden during the year following a cancer diagnosis, with high levels of tiredness, poor well-being, and anxiety reported. Symptom severity is influenced by various factors, including metastatic disease, female sex, treatment types received, and age at diagnosis.
JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM
(2023)
