Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tingting Mu, Jiaqi Wei, Jun Sun, Junyan Jin, Tong Zhang, Hao Wu, Bin Su
Summary: The study aimed to analyze the association between APOE ε4 and cognitive impairment in HIV patients. The results showed a significant association between APOE ε4 and global cognitive impairment, particularly in specific cognitive domains. This finding could contribute to a better understanding and management of cognitive issues in HIV patients.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Erika G. Marques de Menezes, Jocelyn S. Liu, Scott A. Bowler, Leila B. Giron, Michelle L. D'Antoni, Cecilia M. Shikuma, Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen, Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu, Philip J. Norris
Summary: The study found that EVs expressing markers of monocyte activation and neuronal injury were elevated in HIV-infected individuals with cognitive impairment, suggesting that specific EV subsets may serve as novel biomarkers of neuronal injury in HIV infection. Additionally, levels of circulating platelet EVs were linked to monocyte activation, indicating a potential novel interaction in the pathogenesis of HIV-related cognitive impairment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Corrilynn O. Hileman, Robert C. Kalayjian, Sausan Azzam, Daniela Schlatzer, Kunling Wu, Katherine Tassiopoulos, Roger Bedimo, Ronald J. Ellis, Kristine M. Erlandson, Asha Kallianpur, Susan L. Koletar, Alan L. Landay, Frank J. Palella, Babafemi Taiwo, Muralidhar Pallaki, Charles L. Hoppel
Summary: This study found that higher plasma levels of citrate and succinate are associated with worse neurocognitive function and gait speed in people with HIV, with these associations being age-dependent. The results support the importance of altered bioenergetic metabolism in the pathogenesis of neurocognitive impairment in older people living with HIV.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zaeema Naveed, Howard S. Fox, Christopher S. Wichman, Morshed Alam, Pamela May, Christine M. Arcari, Jane Meza, Steven Totusek, Lorena Baccaglini
Summary: The study found a negative correlation between NCI and mortality in older HIV-infected individuals, with three neurocognitive sub-domains showing the strongest negative association with mortality. For every 10-unit increase in global T scores, there was a 33% lower mortality hazard. This highlights the need for special attention to NCI patients for longevity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mary Clare Masters, Jeremiah Perez, Kunling Wu, Ronald J. Ellis, Karl Goodkin, Susan L. Koletar, Adriana Andrade, Jingyan Yang, Todd T. Brown, Frank J. Palella, Ned Sacktor, Katherine Tassiopoulos, Kristine M. Erlandson
Summary: The study found that NCI was associated with an increased risk of frailty in persons with HIV, but frailty was not associated with the development of NCI. Therefore, monitoring for the development of frailty and interventions to prevent frailty should be implemented when NCI is present in PWH.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Wenwang Rao, Yunshu Zhang, Keqing Li, Xiang Yang Zhang
Summary: The ApoE gene polymorphism may impact changes in blood lipid levels and cognitive impairment in the general population, but its effects in schizophrenia have not been extensively studied. This research investigated the association of ApoE rs429358 with schizophrenia using the RBANS test and SNPStats analysis. The study found that levels of ApoA1 and ApoB were predictors for various cognitive domains in schizophrenia, with the association being regulated by the ApoE rs429358 genotype.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Brian K. Agan, Seung Hyun Won, Anuradha Ganesan, Bryan R. Smith, Camille Estupigan, Ryan Maves, Gregory Utz, Hsing-Chuan Hsieh, Edmund Tramont, Avindra Nath, Joseph Snow
Summary: An abbreviated screening battery was evaluated with high specificity but lack of sensitivity for detecting NCI in HIV-positive individuals. Further studies on additional domains or alternative scoring approaches may improve sensitivity for HAND screening. Continued efforts are needed to develop an effective brief screening test for HAND.
Review
Neurosciences
Shameka L. Cody, Gabe H. Miller, Pariya L. Fazeli, Ge Wang, Wei Li, Burel R. Goodin, David E. Vanc
Summary: Despite viral suppression on antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV (PLWH) still experience mild to moderate neurocognitive impairment. PLWH are more affected by physiological and psychosocial comorbidities compared to those without HIV. The neurocognitive burden caused by everyday stressors can impair daily functioning and potentially lead to neurodegenerative diseases. Some lifestyle factors can worsen inflammation and negatively affect neurocognitive health, but new interventions like the use of cannabinoids may have neuroprotective effects for aging PLWH at risk of elevated inflammation levels. Studies on integrated neurocognitive rehabilitation strategies targeting lifestyle factors show promise in improving neurocognitive health and reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease in PLWH.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jing Zhao, Bin Jing, Jiaojiao Liu, Feng Chen, Ye Wu, Hongjun Li
Summary: This study utilized FBA to investigate WM alterations related to HIV infection. The results showed that FD was the only metric that exhibited significant bundle-wise differences between HIV patients and HCs. Moreover, HIV patients displayed decreased FD and increased FC covarying patterns in comparison to HC.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yannick Treguier, Anne Bull-Maurer, Philippe Roingeard
Summary: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays a crucial role in the lifecycles of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), particularly in the morphogenesis and entry processes of infectious particles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Joram Soch, Anni Richter, Hartmut Schuetze, Jasmin M. Kizilirmak, Anne Assmann, Gusalija Behnisch, Hannah Feldhoff, Larissa Fischer, Julius Heil, Lea Knopf, Christian Merkel, Matthias Raschick, Clara-Johanna Schietke, Annika Schult, Constanze Seidenbecher, Renat Yakupov, Gabriel Ziegler, Jens Wiltfang, Emrah Duezel, Bjoern H. Schott
Summary: As older adults, especially those at risk for dementia, show declines in memory performance, fMRI can be used to detect alterations in memory network activity. The FADE and FADE-SAME scores are developed as potential biomarkers for successful aging and are correlated with behavioral measures of cognitive aging.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anni Richter, Joram Soch, Jasmin M. Kizilirmak, Larissa Fischer, Hartmut Schutze, Anne Assmann, Gusalija Behnisch, Hannah Feldhoff, Lea Knopf, Matthias Raschick, Annika Schult, Constanze I. Seidenbecher, Renat Yakupov, Emrah Duezel, Bjorn H. Schott
Summary: In this study, we investigated the associations between two single-value scores and brain function and cognitive changes in middle-aged and older adults. The results showed that these scores were related to memory recall performance and one of the scores also correlated with brain gray matter and other neuropsychological measures. This suggests that single-value scores of memory-related fMRI provide valuable information about network dysfunction in individuals and age-related cognitive decline.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Pankaj Priyanka, Pankaj Seth
Summary: Mortalin is an important chaperone protein that regulates cellular functions and plays a critical role in neurodegenerative diseases. Decreased expression of Mortalin leads to increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent studies have shown reduced Mortalin expression in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Olivier Beauchet, Jacqueline Matskiv, Pierrette Gaudreau, Gilles Allali, Anne-Julie Vaillant-Ciszewicz, Olivier Guerin, Auriane Gros
Summary: This study compared the association of the Fried physical model and the CARE deficit accumulation model with incident major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD). The addition of cognitive impairment to frailty models, particularly the CARE frailty model, increased the predictive value of MNCD.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cynthia McMahan, Devon K. Dietrich, Elizabeth F. Horne, Erin Kelly, Katrina Geannopoulos, Peter Selim Siyahhan Julnes, Lillian Ham, Ulisses Santamaria, Chuen-Yen Lau, Tianxia Wu, Hsing-Chuan Hsieh, Anuradha Ganesan, Catherine Berjohn, Suad Kapetanovic, Daniel S. Reich, Govind Nair, Joseph Snow, Brian K. Agan, Avindra Nath, Bryan R. Smith
Summary: This study compared neurologic outcomes between people with HIV on long-duration antiretroviral therapy (ART) and HIV-negative controls. The results showed that individuals with HIV had lower scores in attention/working memory, motor function, and information processing speed. They also reported more cognitive difficulties and mood abnormalities. MRI and CSF analyses revealed reduced brain volume and signs of neuronal injury and neuroinflammation.