Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eigo Ikushima, Shin Ishikane, Takehiro Kishigami, Hiroaki Matsunaga, Kazunobu Igawa, Katsuhiko Tomooka, Yosuke Nishimura, Fumi Takahashi-Yanaga
Summary: 2,5-dimethylcelecoxib (DM-C) attenuates fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation (FMT) and decreases cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-beta signaling pathway through activation of GSK-3.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joshua M. Peterson, Jayson W. Jay, Ye Wang, Alejandro A. Joglar, Anesh Prasai, Alen Palackic, Steven E. Wolf, Amina El Ayadi
Summary: Galunisertib, an inhibitor of ALK5, has anti-fibrotic effects on dermal fibroblasts and enhances in vitro wound closure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yangxuan Wei, Megumu Tanaka, Takayuki Sakurai, Akiko Kamiyoshi, Yuka Ichikawa-Shindo, Hisaka Kawate, Nanqi Cui, Shinji Kakihara, Yunlu Zhao, Kohsuke Aruga, Hideki Sanjo, Takayuki Shindo
Summary: Research revealed that the reduction in adrenomedullin (AM) levels in patients with pulmonary fibrosis exacerbates the severity of the disease, while AM can attenuate fibrosis progression by suppressing TGF-beta-Smad3 signaling and microRNA-21 activity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeff Yat-Fai Chung, Max Kam-Kwan Chan, Jane Siu-Fan Li, Alex Siu-Wing Chan, Philip Chiu-Tsun Tang, Kam-Tong Leung, Ka-Fai To, Hui-Yao Lan, Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
Summary: TGF-beta signaling plays crucial roles in inflammatory diseases by regulating immunocytes in tissue fibrosis and accelerating tumor development in cancer. The pleiotropic nature of TGF-beta signaling in generating fibrotic TME, containing CAFs and matrix proteins, remains largely unclear, despite recent studies demonstrating its clinical implications in cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mi-Gyeong Gwon, Hyun-Jin An, Hyemin Gu, Young-Ah Kim, Sang Mi Han, Kwan-Kyu Park
Summary: Renal fibrosis is a progressive and chronic process that affects patients with chronic kidney disease, leading to irreversible failure of renal function. TGF-beta 1 signaling plays a key role in inducing myofibroblast activation and extracellular matrix production in renal fibrosis. Apamin has been shown to have a beneficial effect in inhibiting renal fibrosis through the modulation of TGF-beta 1 signaling pathways.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
David Dolivo, Pamela Weathers, Tanja Dominko
Summary: Fibrosis is a pathological reparative process in most organs, and artemisinin compounds demonstrate anti-fibrotic effects which can be used for treating fibrotic diseases.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jiachang Xu, Xue Yu, Hangyu Ye, Songze Gao, Niuniu Deng, Yuyou Lu, Haoran Lin, Yong Zhang, Danqi Lu
Summary: This study explores the effects of hypoxia and infection on the liver function and signaling pathways of the host. By using Takifugu obscurus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus as models, the study shows consistent changes in differential metabolites and proteins under hypoxia, infection, or dual stressors. The findings suggest that the liver tends towards cell proliferation under these conditions, and that hypoxia and infection can cause tissue damage and fibrosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Laxmansa C. Katwa, Chelsea Mendoza, Madison Clements
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and patients with cardiovascular diseases are more susceptible to severe complications of COVID-19. The role of cardiac myofibroblasts in both COVID-19-induced cardiac injury and healing process is crucial.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Ortiz-Zapater, Jaime Signes-Costa, Paula Montero, Ines Roger
Summary: Fibrosis in the lungs is a growing clinical problem that leads to shortness of breath and respiratory failure. It can be caused by various diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, COPD, allergies, and infection clearance. This review discusses the different types of fibrosis, the main cells involved, and the mechanisms of fibrosis. It also highlights current treatments and potential targets for anti-fibrotic therapies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi Sun, Minmin Lyu, Qiuji Lu, Kenneth Cheung, Victor Leung
Summary: There is growing evidence linking intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and increased fibrotic elements in the nucleus pulposus (NP), including enhanced matrix turnover, abnormal deposition of collagens and other fibrous matrices, emergence of fibrosis effector cells, and upregulation of fibroinflammatory factors. Studies suggest that NP cells play a role in fibroblastic differentiation through the TGF-beta R1-Smad2/3 pathway, inflammatory activation, and mechanosensing. Abnormal MMP activity is also associated with NP fibrosis. MMP-2 and MMP-12 are the main markers of fibroblastic NP cells. This review aims to classify the biochemical features and molecular identity of fibroblastic cells in the context of IDD, providing new insights into its pathomechanism and management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Su Woong Jung, Su-Mi Kim, Arum Kim, Seon Hwa Park, Ju-Young Moon, Sang-Ho Lee
Summary: The midbody plays a crucial role in the transition of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts by mediating TGF-beta/Smad signaling. The pathway related to microtubules is implicated in kidney fibrosis, and blocking microtubule dynamics can improve kidney fibrosis.
Article
Cell Biology
Xia Guo, Oluwaseun Adeyanju, Christudas Sunil, Venkatakirankumar Mandlem, Ayobami Olajuyin, Steven Huang, Shi-You Chen, Steven Idell, Torry A. Tucker, Guoqing Qian
Summary: DOCK2 plays a crucial role in pulmonary fibrosis by modulating FMT, with its upregulation dependent on TGF-beta induction and Smad3, ERK pathways, and contributing to the changes in lung fibroblast phenotypes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jing Cheng, Fei Xue, Cheng Cheng, Wenhai Sui, Meng Zhang, Lei Qiao, Jing Ma, Xiaoping Ji, Wenqiang Chen, Xiao Yu, Bo Xi, Feng Xu, Guohai Su, Yuxia Zhao, Panpan Hao, Yun Zhang, Cheng Zhang
Summary: ADAM17 knockdown alleviates cardiac fibrosis in diabetic mice by regulating ACE2 shedding and myofibroblast transformation through the TGF-beta 1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ravi K. Adapala, Venkatesh Katari, Lakshminarayan Reddy Teegala, Sathwika Thodeti, Sailaja Paruchuri, Charles K. Thodeti
Summary: The review discusses the mechanism of fibrosis and proposes TRPV4 as a potential therapeutic target for the condition, highlighting the need for specific drugs in the treatment of fibrosis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lihua Luo, Sijie Wang, Yilong Hu, Litong Wang, Xindong Jiang, Junlei Zhang, Xu Liu, Xuemeng Guo, Zhenyu Luo, Chunqi Zhu, Miaomiao Xie, Yeqing Li, Jian You, Fuchun Yang
Summary: Macrophages play a central role in kidney disease and can either promote tissue repair or drive tissue fibrosis depending on their polarization. This study identified M2a-derived macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition (MMT) cells as responsible for renal fibrosis development and demonstrated that TGF-beta signaling intensity is a major factor determining the differential polarization of M2a and M2c. By using targeted nanotechnology, the study showed that modulating the ATF6/TGF-beta/Smad3 signaling axis within macrophages can promote the polarization of M2c phenotype and suppress excessive MMT polarization, offering a potential therapeutic approach for renal fibrosis.
Review
Toxicology
Rajasekaran Subbiah, Rajnarayan R. Tiwari
Summary: This review summarizes the latest publications related to paraquat-induced lung toxicity and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Paraquat poisoning mainly causes acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, followed by pulmonary fibrosis.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Krishna P. Murthy, Karthikeyan Sivashanmugam, Mahesh Kandasamy, Rajasekaran Subbiah, Vilwanathan Ravikumar
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global public health emergency with millions affected worldwide. Global efforts are being made by scientists to combat the virus with the development of treatments, and the World Health Organization provides updates on treatment progress.
Article
Immunology
Nandhine Rajasekar, Ayyanar Sivanantham, Amrita Kar, Sramana Mukhopadhyay, Santanu Kar Mahapatra, Sudhakar Gandhi Paramasivam, Subbiah Rajasekaran
Summary: Tannic acid was shown to effectively reduce airway hyperresponsiveness, alleviate inflammatory response, and inhibit airway remodeling in asthmatic mice challenged with ovalbumin. This study suggests that TA may be a potential therapeutic option for allergic asthma in clinical settings.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Toxicology
Deepa Gandhi, Ashwinkumar P. Rudrashetti, Subbiah Rajasekaran
Summary: Manganese is an essential trace element for humans, but long-term exposures can lead to health issues, including multiple organ dysfunction. Studies support a causal link between Mn exposure and structural and functional changes in organs, with toxic mechanisms including altered cell activities, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis. Treatment strategies and future research directions are also discussed.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Subbiah Rajasekaran, Nandhine Rajasekar, Ayyanar Sivanantham
Summary: Respiratory diseases are a major cause of human illness and death worldwide. Phytochemicals, particularly tannins, are being increasingly studied for their beneficial properties in tackling a wide range of non-malignant respiratory diseases. Research has shown that tannins possess protective properties and their mechanistic pathways and clinical trial outcomes are discussed in this review.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rakesh Mishra, Ramalingam Bethunaickan, Celine C. Berthier, Zhengzi Yi, Joshua J. Strohl, Patricio T. Huerta, Weijia Zhang, Anne Davidson
Summary: The study found significant disruption of renal circadian rhythms in mice with lupus nephritis, affecting multiple renal pathways including homeostasis, metabolism, and blood pressure regulation. Induction of remission therapy partially reversed this circadian dysregulation.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nandhine Rajasekar, Ayyanar Sivanantham, Vilwanathan Ravikumar, Subbiah Rajasekaran
Summary: This review summarizes the anti-cancer effects of dietary tannins and their potential mechanisms of action. Tannins in the diet may exert anti-cancer effects by regulating various molecular pathways, indicating potential clinical applications in the future.
Article
Microbiology
R. Naveen Kumar, M. Surekha, B. Ramalingam, P. Uday Kumar, K. Polasa, R. Hemalatha, B. Bhima, N. Harishankar, M. Satyavani, K. Satyanarayana, Sudip Ghosh
Summary: The study found that oral administration of the Salmonella phage did not have any significant adverse effects on vital organs or probiotic gut microbiota, suggesting its safety for use in food preservation.
CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biology
Ayyanar Sivanantham, Yang Jin
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), small biological particles released by cells, have garnered interest for their potential medical applications. However, the effects of storage conditions on EVs and their stability are not well understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge on this topic and explores prospective ways to improve long-term storage conditions for EVs.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Deepa Gandhi, Sneha Bhandari, Sehal Mishra, Rajnarayan R. Tiwari, Subbiah Rajasekaran
Summary: This review comprehensively summarizes the association between arsenic exposure and the development of non-malignant lung diseases. It discusses the mechanisms of arsenic's effects on the lung and possible treatment strategies.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Avishek Bhuniya, Dhamotharan Pattarayan, Da Yang
Summary: Lentivirus-based transduction systems are widely used in biological science and cancer biology. However, the immunogenicity of transduced cells in in vivo tumor models has not been adequately addressed. This study found that transduced cells can reduce tumor growth rate in immune-competent mice but not in nude mice. Further investigation showed that specific activation of CD8(+) T cells may be responsible for the restricted tumor growth.
MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yifei Wang, Yueshan Zhao, Weiwei Guo, Ghanshyam Singh Yadav, Chetana Bhaskarla, Zehua Wang, Xiaofei Wang, Sihan Li, Yue Wang, Yuang Chen, Dhamotharan Pattarayan, Wen Xie, Song Li, Binfeng Lu, Udai S. Kammula, Min Zhang, Da Yang
Summary: This study systematically characterized novel lncRNAs involved in tumor immune response. IL10RB-DT was found to suppress CD8(+) T cells activation, while up-regulation of LINC01198 enhanced the killing of tumor cells by CD8(+) T cells.
Article
Immunology
Ayyanar Sivanantham, Ward Alktaish, Selvakumar Murugeasan, Bin Gong, Heedoo Lee, Yang Jin
Summary: During bacterial infection, gram-negative bacteria release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) which induce M1 activation through modulating Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expression. Cav-1, a 21-kDa protein, plays a significant role in this process. This study provides insights for future drug development targeting Cav-1 or TLRs against bacterial infection and macrophage-mediated inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sunhyo Ryu, Kareemah Ni, Chenghao Wang, Ayyanar Sivanantham, Jonathan M. Carnino, Hong-Long Ji, Yang Jin
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released by Gram-negative bacteria play an important role in inflammatory responses and organ damage caused by bacterial infections. This study reveals that OMVs from various Gram-negative bacteria can induce pro-inflammatory activation in macrophages and inflammatory lung responses. The effects of OMVs on activating macrophages are more robust than those of LPS, and they trigger both surface protein-mediated signaling and intracellular signaling pathways. Bacterial OMVs should be considered as a repertoire of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) with broader functionality.
Article
Immunology
Nandhine Rajasekar, Deepa Gandhi, Ayyanar Sivanantham, Vilwanathan Ravikumar, Dharma Raj, Sudhakar Gandhi Paramasivam, Sramana Mukhopadhyay, Subbiah Rajasekaran
Summary: The therapeutic efficacy of tannic acid (TA) in a murine emphysema model was evaluated. The results showed that TA can alleviate the development of emphysema, suppress inflammation and apoptosis, and regulate proteinase/anti-proteinase imbalance. The study suggests that TA has the potential to be an effective treatment for COPD.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)