Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pat R. Vehrs, Chase Blazzard, Hannah C. Hart, Nicole Kasper, Ryan Lacey, Daniela Lopez, Shay Richards, Dennis L. Eggett
Summary: This study measured arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) in the dominant and non-dominant legs of males and females using different cuff inflation protocols. The results showed no significant differences in AOP within or between the legs, or between sexes. AOP measurements were highly reliable, and the choice of cuff inflation protocol was a matter of personal preference. It is important to measure AOP in both limbs to ensure safe and effective use of blood flow restriction (BFR) during exercise.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rupert Bainbridge, Michael Lim, Stuart Dunning, Mike G. Winter, Alejandro Diaz-Moreno, James Martin, Hamdi Torun, Bradley Sparkes, Muhammad W. Khan, Nanlin Jin
Summary: This study analyzes and quantifies shallow landslides on a slope in Scotland, finding that abrupt changes in rainfall trend, characterized by high-intensity and long duration rainstorms, trigger these landslides. The study also proposes new rainfall thresholds for hazard alerts and demonstrates the use of low-cost sensors for real-time monitoring and notification of slope instability and landslides.
GEOMATICS NATURAL HAZARDS & RISK
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Chao Li, Yan Wang, Xiu-Li Yan, Zhen-Ni Guo, Yi Yang
Summary: Vascular dementia is the second leading cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease, mainly caused by decreased cerebral blood flow. Research shows that reduced CBF leads to changes in the neurovascular unit, playing a key role in the pathogenesis of VD. Therefore, remote ischemic preconditioning may be a promising approach for VD prevention and treatment.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Junlin Yuan, Li Wu, Ziao Xue, Guodong Xu, Yuxiang Wu
Summary: Blood flow restriction training is an emerging method that promotes muscle mass and strength growth. However, there is a lack of research on its effects on the elderly. This study compiled and summarized relevant literature, and found that blood flow restriction training can effectively increase muscle mass and strength, prevent muscle atrophy, improve cardiopulmonary function, facilitate rehabilitation, and intervene in degenerative diseases. The main mechanism involves metabolic stress response and cell swelling caused by pressure. Personalized training programs are needed for the elderly, and further research on dosage and safety is required.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jutta Pikalo, Paul Deutschmann, Melina Fischer, Hanna Roszyk, Martin Beer, Sandra Blome
Summary: Early detection of African swine fever virus using EDTA blood is more effective than serum, with spleen samples performing the best. Other samples such as lymph nodes and ear punches can also be used for passive surveillance. However, some samples have weaknesses in the early phase of infection or recovery.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Braidy S. S. Solie, Garrett G. G. Eggleston, Nicole A. A. Schwery, Christopher P. P. Doney, Michael T. T. Kiely, Christopher M. M. Larson
Summary: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) can lead to thigh muscle atrophy. Exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) has been found to be safe and effective in mitigating this atrophy. A case report presented a 15-year-old male soccer player who underwent ACLR and completed exercise with BFR as part of his rehabilitation program. After 16 weeks, his surgical limb showed objectively larger thigh girth and lower-extremity lean body mass than the non-surgical limb. This suggests that the inclusion of clinic- and home-based BFR may be beneficial in resolving thigh muscle atrophy after ACLR.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristina Bobes Alvarez, Paloma Issa-Khozouz Santamaria, Ruben Fernandez-Matias, Daniel Pecos-Martin, Alexander Achalandabaso-Ochoa, Samuel Fernandez-Carnero, Antonio Martinez-Amat, Tomas Gallego-Izquierdo
Summary: BFR training shows positive effects on quadriceps strength and CSA in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction and suffering from KOA, but has less significant impact on pain perception, function, and quality of life. Further research is needed to confirm its efficacy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
M. A. Vasquez-Hidalgo, A. T. . Grazul-Bilska, K. C. Swanson, G. A. Perry, K. A. Vonnahme
Summary: We hypothesized that nutrient restriction decreases umbilical blood flow, but this flow does not recover to normal levels upon realimentation. Our findings suggest that adequate placental development during mid gestation could protect the fetus from decreased blood flow later in gestation.
Article
Rehabilitation
Shuoqi Li, Shazlin Shaharudin, Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir
Summary: This study analyzed the effectiveness of L-BFR training in knee rehabilitation, showing that both L-BFR and high-load resistance training groups experienced an increase in muscle strength after the training, and pain score was significantly reduced in the L-BFR group. Therefore, L-BFR could be a potential intervention in the rehabilitation of knee injuries.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Bradley Lambert, Corbin Hedt, Joshua Daum, Carter Taft, Kalyan Chaliki, Eden Epner, Patrick McCulloch
Summary: The study found that combined BFR-LIX may lead to greater increases in shoulder and arm lean mass, strength, and muscular endurance compared to fatiguing LIX alone during rotator cuff exercises. These results may be attributed to a greater activation of shoulder muscles while using BFR.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Bradley Lambert, Corbin Hedt, Joshua Daum, Carter Taft, Kalyan Chaliki, Eden Epner, Patrick McCulloch
Summary: The study suggests that adding BFR to shoulder LIX training can promote muscle growth, strength, and endurance in the shoulder and arm. These results may be attributed to the enhanced muscle activation with BFR.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Marina A. Dobrovolskaia
Summary: Nanotechnology carriers have advantages in drug delivery, but they may also change drug distribution and toxicity. Comprehensive toxicology studies are necessary due to the potential immune responses caused by the components of nanoparticles and excipients commonly used in formulations. Furthermore, leveraging the immune system's clearance of particulate materials can improve the therapeutic efficacy of drugs formulated using nanoparticles.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Maria Jesus Vinolo-Gil, Ismael Garcia-Campanario, Maria-Jose Estebanez-Perez, Jose-Manuel Pastora-Bernal, Manuel Rodriguez-Huguet, Francisco Javier Martin-Vega
Summary: This systematic review examined the efficacy of blood flow restriction in cancer survivors. The results showed that it can improve various factors such as quality of life, physical function, strength, and lean mass, and reduce postoperative complications and hospital stay.
Review
Sport Sciences
James Murray, Hunter Bennett, Terry Boyle, Marie Williams, Kade Davison
Summary: Low-intensity exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) is a common method for improving muscular strength, hypertrophy, and aerobic fitness. This systematic review identified five different approaches for determining occlusion pressure, with arbitrary pressures being the most common method. Continued dissemination of optimal BFR applications is necessary for safety and efficacy.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Lawrence P. Cahalin, Magno F. Formiga, Johnny Owens, Brady Anderson, Luke Hughes
Summary: BFRE can be safely performed in patients with different types of heart disease and heart failure, and can improve multiple cardiac-related measures and functions.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Vickie Wong, Scott J. Dankel, Robert W. Spitz, Zachary W. Bell, Ricardo B. Viana, Raksha N. Chatakondi, Takashi Abe, Jeremy P. Loenneke
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine if blood flow restriction therapy with no external load could be used as active therapy after experimentally induced fatigue and soreness. The results showed that the specific model of blood flow restriction therapy used in this study did not enhance muscle recovery compared to a sham condition without pressure application.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Takashi Abe, Jun Seob Song, Zachary W. Bell, Vickie Wong, Robert W. Spitz, Yujiro Yamada, Jeremy P. Loenneke
Summary: Exercise and low-calorie diets are common methods for weight loss, and are closely related to changes in total body fat. The changes in VAT and abdominal SAT areas are positively correlated with the decrease in total body fat.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Daphney M. Stanford, Matthew A. Chatlaong, William M. Miller, J. Grant Mouser, Scott J. Dankel, Matthew B. Jessee
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of relative pressures and absolute pressures on blood flow, shear rate, and discomfort. The results showed that applying relative pressures does not necessarily guarantee a similar stimulus, and higher pressures lead to more variable changes, even when the pressure is relative to each individual.
CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY AND FUNCTIONAL IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Ryan J. Exner, Mana H. Patel, Dominic Whitener, Samuel L. Buckner, Matthew B. Jessee, Scott J. Dankel
Summary: The prescription of resistance exercise should take into consideration individual differences in local muscle endurance to ensure a similarly effective stimulus across individuals.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Daphney M. Stanford, J. Grant Mouser, Matthew A. Chatlaong, Matthew B. Jessee
Summary: Blood flow restriction is a popular tool for increasing muscular size and strength. However, there is a lack of research on its effects on vascular structure and function. Current guidelines focus mainly on skeletal muscle outcomes, leaving a knowledge gap on how blood flow restriction influences the vasculature. More research is needed to determine the impact of blood flow restriction on vascular structure and function, and to provide recommendations for its use.
PHYSIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Ryo Kataoka, Robert W. Spitz, Vickie Wong, Zachary W. Bell, Yujiro Yamada, Jun Seob Song, William B. Hammert, Scott J. Dankel, Takashi Abe, Jeremy P. Loenneke
Summary: Concerns have been raised about the current two-sex binary category in sports competitions. The thesis argues that segregating males and females based on muscle size would eliminate the strength advantage between sexes. The study found that, regardless of contraction types, males consistently outperformed females in strength assessments when pair-matched for muscle thickness.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
LaNiece J. Brown, Alexa N. Gasser, Robert L. Sterner, Scott J. Dankel
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of electrical stimulation (E-STIM) and blood flow restriction (BFR) on the treatment of exercise-induced muscle damage. The results showed that the addition of BFR did not alter the effectiveness of E-STIM, but E-STIM had a certain effect on treating discomfort.
CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY AND FUNCTIONAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Robert W. Spitz, Scott J. Dankel, Matthew B. Jessee, Vickie Wong, Zachary W. Bell, Takashi Abe, Jeremy P. Loenneke
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine if muscle growth mediates increases in nonspecific strength. Participants were randomized into control, 1RM-TRAIN, or TRAD-TRAIN groups and performed elbow flexion training. Muscle thickness and maximal isokinetic torque were assessed pre- and post-training. The study found no significant direct effects of training on nonspecific strength and suggests a need to reconsider the importance of muscle growth for nonspecific strength gains.
CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY AND FUNCTIONAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Ryo Kataoka, Jun Seob Song, Zachary W. W. Bell, Vickie Wong, Robert W. W. Spitz, Yujiro Yamada, Jeremy P. P. Loenneke
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of increasing pressure pain threshold (PPT) through isometric handgrip exercise on the number of repetitions and discomfort during knee extension exercise with blood flow restriction. The results showed that PPT increased after handgrip exercise at the forearm and tibialis anterior, but this did not lead to greater repetitions during exercise with blood flow restriction. Additionally, performing additional exercise did not further increase PPT or alter the discomfort during exercise with blood flow restriction.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Robert W. Spitz, Ryo Kataoka, Scott J. Dankel, Zachary W. Bell, Jun Seob Song, Vickie Wong, Yujiro Yamada, Jeremy P. Loenneke
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of isotonic strength training on specific and non-specific strength tests. The results showed that strength increases were observed in both types of tests, but the effect was smaller for non-specific strength.
Review
Cell Biology
Stephanie E. Hawley, Zachary W. Bell, Yijia Huang, Jenna C. Gibbs, Tyler A. Churchward-Venne
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate sex-based differences in adaptations to resistance exercise training in healthy older adults. The findings showed that older males had greater absolute changes in upper-body and lower-body strength compared to females, while older females had greater relative changes in upper-body and lower-body strength. Older males also had greater absolute changes in whole-body fat-free mass. No significant sex-based differences were observed in limb muscle size, muscle fiber size, or physical performance.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Tyler D. Baer, Kevin A. Rice, Emely Urbina, Dominic V. Whitener, Scott J. Dankel
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether the reliability of muscle thickness measured via ultrasound can be improved by using the Compare Assistant tool and whether this depends on technician experience and the muscle being assessed. The results showed that using the Compare Assistant tool did not improve the reliability of the measurements, suggesting that the day-to-day reliability of muscle thickness measurement may be limited by random biological variability rather than technician error.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ULTRASONICS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Zachary W. Bell, Vickie Wong, Robert W. Spitz, Yujiro Yamada, Jun Seob Song, Ryo Kataoka, Raksha N. Chatakondi, Takashi Abe, Jeremy P. Loenneke
Summary: Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of training one arm with a high load on the muscle size and strength of the opposing arm training with a low load. The results showed that high load training on one arm led to changes in strength of the opposing arm, but only the directly trained arms showed changes in muscle thickness.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Matthew S. Kaspy, Sarkis J. Hannaian, Zachary W. Bell, Tyler A. Churchward-Venne
Summary: BCAA, particularly leucine, can activate molecular pathways involved in translation initiation and reduce protein breakdown, but the stimulatory effect on muscle protein synthesis is less than that of complete protein sources.
NUTRITION RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)