Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Wang Jia Qi, Wang Shi Sheng, Chu Peng, Ma Xiaodong, Tang Ze Yao
Summary: Lycopene, the main pigment of tomatoes, has the strongest antioxidant activity among carotenoids. Despite being a common phytochemical, lycopene has not received much attention in recent years. However, recent studies have shown that lycopene's anticancer effects, including inhibition of cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis induction, cell invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis, are significant in tumor development. The mechanisms of action of lycopene involve the regulation of various signal transduction pathways and may be associated with a decreased risk of different types of cancer.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Meiling Fan, Mengyao Shan, Xintian Lan, Xiaoxue Fang, Dimeng Song, Haoming Luo, Donglu Wu
Summary: This review summarizes the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of ginsenosides in the treatment of breast cancer (BC). It also discusses the combination strategy of ginsenosides with other drugs for BC. Furthermore, it elucidates the role of ginsenosides in breast cancer treatment through epigenetic changes, particularly in microRNAs.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhiruo Zhang, Yueying Yang, Yang Xu, Yang Liu, Hua Li, Lixia Chen
Summary: Withanolides are a class of natural products that possess a steroidal lactone structure and exhibit a broad spectrum of anti-cancer effects. Their mechanisms in cancer development and progression involve the regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and angiogenesis. In addition, Withanolides can attenuate inflammatory responses and modulate the genomic instability and energy metabolism of cancer cells. They also have the potential to enhance the safety and efficacy of traditional cancer therapeutics.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yue Feng, Kazem Nouri, Aaron D. Schimmer
Summary: Changes in cellular metabolism, bioenergetics, oxidative stress, and ROS levels are characteristics of cancer development. ATP-dependent proteases, especially ClpXP, play a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial function and are being investigated as a potential therapeutic target for certain malignancies. Targeting ClpXP can disrupt mitochondrial protein homeostasis and affect cancer cell viability.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Carla S. S. Teixeira, Sergio F. Sousa
Summary: Fighting cancer is a major challenge in the 21st century, and molecular-targeted therapies, particularly those targeting multifunctional enzymes, are gaining attention. This review discusses the potential of using multifunctional enzymes as anti-cancer drug targets and provides an overview of the current research status of four enzymes that have demonstrated promising anti-cancer effects. LTA(4)H and PFK-2/FBPase-2 have inhibitors in clinical development, while potential inhibitors for the other enzymes have been proposed, offering new alternatives for preventing cancer cell growth and increasing patient survival.
Article
Oncology
Hilary A. Kenny, Peter C. Hart, Kasjusz Kordylewicz, Madhu Lal, Min Shen, Betul Kara, Yen-Ju Chen, Niklas Grassl, Yousef Alharbi, Bikash R. Pattnaik, Karen M. Watters, Manish S. Patankar, Marc Ferrer, Ernst Lengyel
Summary: The study reveals that the natural compound beta-escin and structurally similar compounds have therapeutic potential against OvCa metastasis by inhibiting ECM production in mesothelial cells and fibroblasts. Beta-escin orally administered inhibited metastasis in both preventive and intervention mouse models of ovarian cancer.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Qijin Pan, Ka Wu, Jiachang Tan, Yu Li, Xiao Liang, Min Su
Summary: This study characterized the therapeutic targets, biological functions, and molecular pathways of calycosin in treating BPA-related OS using network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses. The findings suggest potential clinical applications of calycosin against BPA-related OS based on core targets identified by molecular docking.
Review
Oncology
Parina Asgharian, Abbas Pirpour Tazekand, Kamran Hosseini, Haleh Forouhandeh, Tohid Ghasemnejad, Maryam Ranjbar, Muzaffar Hasan, Manoj Kumar, Sohrab Minaei Beirami, Vahideh Tarhriz, Saiedeh Razi Soofiyani, Latipa Kozhamzharova, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Daniela Calina, William C. Cho
Summary: This article discusses the anticancer properties of quercetin as a natural bioactive compound. Quercetin inhibits tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis by modulating multiple signaling pathways and miRNA expression. Understanding the anticancer mechanisms of quercetin can help prevent and manage various types of cancer.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Difeng Li, Xin Zhang, Lili Jiang
Summary: Gastric cancer, characterized by high invasion and poor prognosis, is often accompanied by liver metastasis which significantly affects the patient's outcome. Recent advancements in the study of gastric cancer liver metastasis have identified abnormal gene expression, changes in the liver microenvironment, and potential therapeutic targets, providing new treatment strategies for improving the quality of life and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer liver metastasis.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Li Qin, Dongning Huang, Jian Huang, Fuhui Qin, Haixin Huang
Summary: This bioinformatics study aimed to identify crucial anti-cancer targets, functional processes, and molecular mechanisms of Pachyman in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The findings suggest that ALB and VEGFA may be potent pharmacological targets of Pachyman for HCC treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mathieu Gauthe, Paul Sargos, Eric Barret, Gaelle Fromont-Hankard, Jean-Baptiste Beauval, Laurent Brureau, Gilles Crehange, Raphaele Renard-Penna, Charles Dariane, Gaelle Fiard, Romain Mathieu, Guilhem Roubaud, Alain Ruffion, Morgan Roupret, Guillaume Ploussard
Summary: Besides PSMA, there are other potential targets for prostate cancer theranostics in nuclear medicine, such as GRPR and androgen receptor, which may have greater potential in treating early-stage and low-grade prostate cancer. Theranostics in nuclear medicine will continue to develop, with promising molecules like radiolabeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitors requiring specific studies to assess their interest in prostate cancer.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Md. Tofazzal Hossain, Md. Selim Reza, Yin Peng, Shengzhong Feng, Yanjie Wei
Summary: This study aimed to identify potential hub-genes and candidate drugs for the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). Differentially expressed genes were identified using next generation sequencing data and a protein-protein interaction network was constructed. Fifteen hub genes were identified, which were associated with important functions and signaling pathways in GC patients. Additionally, six candidate drugs, including Everolimus and Docetaxel, were proposed based on the analysis of key proteins as drug targets.
TSINGHUA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandro Maugeri, Antonella Calderaro, Giuseppe Tancredi Patane, Michele Navarra, Davide Barreca, Santa Cirmi, Maria Rosa Felice
Summary: Phytochemicals, especially flavonoids like quercetin, have shown great potential in fighting against cancer by controlling apoptosis, inhibiting migration and proliferation, and enhancing the activity of anti-neoplastic agents. This review explores the interactions between quercetin and cancer-related proteins, focusing on breast, colorectal, and liver cancers. Furthermore, novel delivery systems can improve the pharmacokinetics of quercetin, expanding its potential. More research is needed to fully understand its pharmaco-toxicological profile and determine its suitability for adjuvant and chemoprevention therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Md Shahin Alam, Adiba Sultana, Hongyang Sun, Jin Wu, Fanfan Guo, Qing Li, Haigang Ren, Zongbing Hao, Yi Zhang, Guanghui Wang
Summary: This study accurately identifies molecular targets and potential drugs for breast cancer using bioinformatics and network analysis. Key genes, transcription factors, and miRNAs were discovered, and candidate repurposing drugs were proposed. The anti-tumor effect of one drug was validated.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Meiling Zhou, Xi Zou, Kexin Cheng, Suye Zhong, Yangzhou Su, Tao Wu, Yongguang Tao, Li Cong, Bin Yan, Yiqun Jiang
Summary: Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), as potential choices for oncology treatment, can be used as molecular transporters to facilitate drug delivery across physiological barriers. However, their limitations in terms of cell specificity, stability, and other factors need to be addressed through clever design or chemical modifications.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandra Jose, Sreevidya S. Devi, Anjana Sajeev, Sosmitha Girisa, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, Mohamed Abbas, Abdulrahman Alshammari, Gautam Sethi, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
Summary: Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates genes involved in lipid, carbohydrate, and inflammatory processes. It is a possible tumor suppressor and its down-regulation is associated with various diseases. FXR agonism has been shown to improve survival in certain cancers, and the development of novel agonists could have therapeutic potential. Computer-aided drug design can be used to identify potential candidates, and alvimopan and montelukast were found to have strong binding affinity with FXR in this study.
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Milad Ashrafizadeh, Ali Zarrabi, Hassan Karimi-Maleh, Afshin Taheriazam, Sepideh Mirzaei, Mehrdad Hashemi, Kiavash Hushmandi, Pooyan Makvandi, Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare, Esmaeel Sharifi, Arul Goel, Lingzhi Wang, Jun Ren, Yavuz Nuri Ertas, Alan Prem Kumar, Yuzhuo Wang, Navid Rabiee, Gautam Sethi, Zhaowu Ma
Summary: Nanomedicine has great potential in the treatment of bladder cancer, including improving drug efficacy, regulating gene expression, providing photodynamic and photothermal therapy, remodeling tumor microenvironment and infiltration of immune cells, timely diagnosis, and targeted therapy for bladder cancer.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hardeep Singh Tuli, Prangya Rath, Abhishek Chauhan, Anuj Ranjan, Seema Ramniwas, Katrin Sak, Diwakar Aggarwal, Manoj Kumar, Kuldeep Dhama, E. Hui Clarissa Lee, Kenneth Chun-Yong Yap, Sharah Mae Capinpin, Alan Prem Kumar
Summary: Cucurbitacins, a group of highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoids found in cucumbers, have potential medical uses. They interact with various cellular targets to inhibit cancer cell growth through induction of apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, anti-metastasis, and anti-angiogenesis. They may also be used in combination with other drugs to overcome treatment resistance in cancer cells. This study focuses on finding molecular targets for cucurbitacins in suppressing malignant processes.
Correction
Chemistry, Medicinal
Elina Khatoon, Mangala Hegde, Aviral Kumar, Uzini Devi Daimary, Gautam Sethi, Anupam Bishayee, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Mangala Hegde, Nikunj Naliyadhara, Jyothsna Unnikrishnan, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, Mohamed Abbas, Sosmitha Girisa, Gautam Sethi, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
Summary: Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related deaths, and despite advancements in treatment methods, it remains difficult to treat. Nanotechnology has shown promising applications in the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic cancer, with nanoparticles demonstrating the ability to target specific cells within metastatic regions. This review summarizes the current state of nanotechnology in the field and discusses its potential in various imaging techniques and combination therapies.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Na Young Kim, In Jin Ha, Jae-Young Um, Alan Prem Kumar, Gautam Sethi, Kwang Seok Ahn
Summary: This study found that LGA can effectively inhibit the proliferation, invasive ability, and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and reduce the occurrence of EMT by suppressing MnSOD expression. This has important implications for the development of novel anti-metastatic agents.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hui Li Ang, Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan, Muthu K. Shanmugam, Hin Chong Leong, Pooyan Makvandi, Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa, Anupam Bishyaee, Alan Prem Kumar, Gautam Sethi
Summary: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial process in which epithelial cells transform into mesenchymal cells, playing a significant role in tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Various factors, such as signaling pathways, transcriptional regulators, noncoding RNAs, and epigenetic alterations, are involved in the regulation of EMT. However, despite preclinical data, there is a lack of clinical translation in targeting EMT therapeutically. This review discusses the role of these factors in EMT regulation, the contribution of EMT to drug resistance, and potential therapeutic interventions using natural products and nano-formulations as EMT blockers.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xin Yuan Lim, Sharah Mae Capinpin, Nagarjun Bolem, Aaron Song Chuan Foo, Wai-Cheong George Yip, Alan Prem Kumar, Daniel Boon Loong Teh
Summary: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with limited treatment options due to the difficulty of drugs crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and tumor heterogeneity. Nanoparticle (NP) drug carriers have shown promise in targeting cells beyond the BBB. This review focuses on biomimetic NPs in GBM therapy and their potential in overcoming physiological and anatomical challenges.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Wei Wang, Mingqin Li, Lingzhi Wang, Lu Chen, Boon-Cher Goh
Summary: Cancer is a global health burden, and conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy are commonly used treatments. However, resistance and side effects remain challenges. Curcumin, a natural compound, has gained attention for its broad range of biological effects. This review discusses the role of curcumin in cancer therapy, focusing on its molecular mechanisms in inducing tumor cell death and suppressing metastasis. The challenges and current efforts in clinical application of curcumin are also explored, contributing to the advancement of cancer treatment strategies.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Naisarg Gamit, Manasi Patil, Soumya B. Sundrappa, S. Mohana Sundaram, Gautam Sethi, Arun Dharmarajan, Sudha Warrier
Summary: A reliable and efficient in vitro model using amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AM-MSCs) has been developed for screening drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD). This model can assess the neuroprotective ability of different drugs and quickly test a large number of potential compounds. The study found that the novel drugs probucol and NMJ-2 have protective effects against neurodegeneration.
DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Rajaghatta N. Suresh, Young Y. Jung, Chakrabhavi D. Mohan, Shalini V. Gowda, Kachigere B. Harsha, Kempegowda Mantelingu, Gautam Sethi, Kwang S. Ahn, Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa
Summary: In this study, new compounds called DTI were synthesized and found to exhibit selective cytotoxicity against gastric cancer cells. The cytotoxic effect was achieved by inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT5, which are transcription factors involved in cancer development. Further investigation revealed that the inhibition of STAT proteins was mediated through the suppression of upstream kinases such as JAK1, JAK2, and Src. The involvement of tyrosine phosphatase and negative regulator PTP & epsilon;C in the DTI-induced STATs inhibition was also demonstrated. Overall, triazolyl-indolo-quinoxaline compounds like DTI show promise as inhibitors of the STAT3/STAT5 pathway in gastric cancer cells.
DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yi Qin, Shengjun Xiong, Jun Ren, Gautam Sethi
Summary: Autophagy plays an important regulatory role in glioblastoma, and its dysregulation can lead to drug resistance and radioresistance. It also affects stem cell characteristics, overall growth, and metastasis. Therefore, autophagy is a promising target for glioblastoma therapy.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mangala Hegde, Aviral Kumar, Sosmitha Girisa, Babu Santha Aswani, Ravichandran Vishwa, Gautam Sethi, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
Summary: Cancer is a complex disease with diverse characteristics and treatment responses. Overcoming the recurrence and resistance to therapy, as well as minimizing side effects, is crucial for improving the quality of life in cancer patients. This review explores the potential benefits of nanocurcumin, a nanotechnology-based formulation of the natural compound curcumin, in cancer treatment. Various types of curcumin nanoformulations are discussed, along with their anticancer activities and cellular mechanisms. The review also highlights the potential of nanocurcumin as a preventive or adjuvant therapy with conventional drugs.
Article
Oncology
Naveen Kumar, Gautam Sethi
Summary: Transformed cells acquire specific characteristics to become malignant. Telomerase, an enzyme complex, plays a significant role in maintaining telomere length. Its main component, TERT, interacts with various signaling molecules and promotes cancer hallmarks such as cell death resistance, sustained proliferation, angiogenesis activation, and metastasis. Understanding the role of telomerase in promoting cancer hallmarks is crucial for understanding the mechanism of cancer development and progression.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hardeep Singh Tuli, Ruchira Joshi, Ginpreet Kaur, Vivek Kumar Garg, Katrin Sak, Mehmet Varol, Jagjit Kaur, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, Tahani Awad Alahmadi, Diwakar Aggarwal, Kuldeep Dhama, Vivek Sheel Jaswal, Sonam Mittal, Gautam Sethi
Summary: Nanotechnology has led to the development of new materials (metal nanoparticles) that have specific applications in healthcare, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Metal nanoparticles can modulate molecular expression in the tumor microenvironment and have anti-cancer effects by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. They can also inhibit tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and inflammation, thus preventing cancer proliferation.
JOURNAL OF NANOSTRUCTURE IN CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Xinru Zhou, Yin Jia, Chuanbin Mao, Shanrong Liu
Summary: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), such as exosomes, have emerged as crucial targets for liquid biopsy and promising drug delivery vehicles in tumor progression. They can serve as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and as drug carriers for cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Ruochan Chen, Ju Zhu, Xiao Zhong, Jie Li, Rui Kang, Daolin Tang
Summary: The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy, with HMGB1 serving as a key regulator in these processes.
Article
Oncology
Zongfu Pan, Xixuan Lu, Tong Xu, Jinming Chen, Lisha Bao, Ying Li, Yingying Gong, Yulu Che, Xiaozhou Zou, Zhuo Tan, Ping Huang, Minghua Ge
Summary: This study uncovered the emerging role of HN1 in promoting dedifferentiation of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells. HN1 negatively regulated the thyroid differentiation markers and had an inhibitory effect on the transcriptional activation of CTCF, thereby influencing the chromatin accessibility of thyroid differentiation genes.
Article
Oncology
Yi Qin, Shengjun Xiong, Jun Ren, Gautam Sethi
Summary: Autophagy plays an important regulatory role in glioblastoma, and its dysregulation can lead to drug resistance and radioresistance. It also affects stem cell characteristics, overall growth, and metastasis. Therefore, autophagy is a promising target for glioblastoma therapy.
Article
Oncology
Katsuya Nagaoka, Xuewei Bai, Dan Liu, Kevin Cao, Joud Mulla, Chengcheng Ji, Hongze Chen, Muhammad Azhar Nisar, Amalia Bay, William Mueller, Grace Hildebrand, Jin-Song Gao, Shaolei Lu, Hiroko Setoyama, Yasuhito Tanaka, Jack R. Wands, Chiung-Kuei Huang
Summary: This study found that serum 2-OG levels in cholangiocarcinoma patients are associated with the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Patients with progressive disease showed significantly higher levels of serum 2-OG compared to stable disease and partial response patients. The study also revealed that overexpression of ASPH mimics the effects of 2-OG, and knockdown of ASPH improves chemotherapy. Targeting ASPH enhances the effects of chemotherapy by modulating ATM and ATR, two key regulators of DDRs.
