Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Juan Maza-Solano, Ameen Biadsee, Leigh J. J. Sowerby, Christian Calvo-Hernandez, Manuel Tucciarone, Taciano Rocha, Antonino Maniaci, Alberto Maria Saibene, Carlos M. M. Chiesa-Estomba, Thomas Radulesco, Osama Metwaly, Jerome R. R. Lechien, Isam Alobid, Luca Giovanni Locatello
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the consistency between international guideline recommendations and worldwide standard practices for managing patients with CRSwNP in the era of monoclonal antibodies. An online survey revealed several discrepancies in the management, use of monoclonal antibodies, and follow-up procedures for CRSwNP patients worldwide. More attention should be paid to bringing these recommendations into uniform clinical practice in the future.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Stephany Bonin Godinho dos Santos, Janaina Carla da Silva, Hellen dos Santos Jaques, Marina Ferronato Dalla Vecchia, Mariane Okamoto Ferreira, Daniel Rech, Matheus Ryan Noah Sierota da Silva, Roberta Bonin Godinho dos Santos, Carolina Panis, Dalila Moter Benvegnu
Summary: Pesticide exposure has significant effects on the immune status and prognosis of breast cancer patients. Changes in cytokine levels, especially those related to tumor control, were observed in women occupationally exposed to pesticides, and these changes were associated with worse clinical outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Ekaterina Martynova, Albert Rizvanov, Richard A. Urbanowicz, Svetlana Khaiboullina
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms of inflammasome activation and their role in the development of Th1, Th2, and Th17 lymphocytes. The contribution of cytokines released from activated inflammasomes to the immune response is summarized, along with the discussion of the role of cytokines released from tissue cells in promoting lymphocyte differentiation.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sung-Dong Kim, Kyu-Sup Cho
Summary: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a heterogeneous disease with various clinical features. It can cause significant morbidity and costs to the healthcare system. The classification of this disease is based on the presence or absence of nasal polyps and comorbidities, as well as molecular biomarkers or specific mechanisms. Recent research has focused on three major endotypes: types 1, 2, and 3. Biological therapies targeting type 2 inflammation have shown promise and may be applicable to other inflammatory endotypes in the future. This review discusses treatment options based on the type of chronic rhinosinusitis and summarizes recent studies on new therapeutic approaches for patients with uncontrolled CRS and nasal polyps.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Weihang Luo, Jindong Hu, Weifang Xu, Jingcheng Dong
Summary: The immune response in the asthmatic respiratory tract is driven by CD4(+) T helper cells, especially Th2 cells. Asthma is a heterogeneous and progressive disease, with different stages of the disease course showing different immune responses. The complex immune networks in the inflammatory airway make it challenging to find a universal treatment for all asthmatics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Allergy
A. Wautlet, C. Bachert, M. Desrosiers, Peter W. Hellings, Anju T. Peters
Summary: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is a prevalent condition that has significant implications for both patients and society. The development of biologic medications has proven to be effective in treating this condition, leading to improvements in patient outcomes and quality of life. This review examines the treatment options and explores the available evidence regarding patient selection, monitoring after treatment initiation, and comparisons with other treatment options such as sinus surgery.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Neal R. Godse, Anjeni Keswani, Andrew P. Lane, Stella E. Lee, Raj Sindwani
Summary: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has traditionally been managed with medical therapy and sinus surgery, but the emergence of biologic therapies has provided new options. Biologic medications targeting specific aspects of the inflammatory cascade are now an option for patients who have failed other treatments or have comorbid Th2 diseases. Response to treatment should be monitored, and dupilumab shows the largest therapeutic benefit. The choice of therapy depends on drug availability, patient tolerance, comorbid illnesses, and cost. Biologics offer symptom relief for patients who have not responded to other interventions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RHINOLOGY & ALLERGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
David Ranford, Claire Hopkins
Summary: The first-line treatment for nasal polyposis is long-term intranasal corticosteroids, with systemic corticosteroids used if symptom control is not achieved. However, repeated use of oral corticosteroids is associated with adverse events and the benefits are lost within a few months.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG SAFETY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefano Piazza, Marco Fumagalli, Giulia Martinelli, Carola Pozzoli, Nicole Maranta, Marco Angarano, Enrico Sangiovanni, Mario Dell'Agli
Summary: Plants rich in hydrolyzable tannins have traditionally been used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders. However, limited knowledge of their immunological targets hinders their rational use in phytotherapy. Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of inflammatory-based diseases provide an opportunity to elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms of these plant-derived metabolites with immunomodulatory activity. This review summarizes recent articles on the role of hydrolyzable tannins and their gut metabolites in various inflammatory responses.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Harish Dharmarajan, Oluleke Falade, Stella E. Lee, Eric W. Wang
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of Dupilumab and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in treating patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The results showed that FESS was more effective in reducing nasal polyp scores, while Dupilumab showed better improvement in extranasal rhinologic scores and olfaction scores.
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Weigang Gan, Hongting Zhang, Fengjuan Yang, Shixi Liu, Feng Liu, Juan Meng
Summary: In Southwest China, the recurrence of nasal polyps is associated with neutrophil-mediated inflammatory response, with no significant correlation with factors like age, sex, asthma, or allergic rhinitis. The recurrent group showed significantly higher total nasal symptom score, eosinophil and neutrophil cell count, and expression levels of IFN-, IL-17A, IL-17E, and IL-18 compared to the non-recurrent group.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi-Hsuan Su, Jin-Yuarn Lin
Summary: Researchers found that inhalation of menthone can alleviate allergic inflammation in asthmatic mice, improving related symptoms. This study provides new insights into the treatment of allergic asthma using menthone.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Haiyan Bian, Lisheng Wang, Chengwen Gao, Zhihe Liu, Yang Sun, Minghui Hu, Yujing Xiao, Fengyun Hao, Yushuo Ma, Xia Zhao
Summary: This study explores the expression and clinical significance of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines and lymphocyte subsets in patients with Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). The results show significant differences in cytokines and lymphocyte subsets between PCNSL patients, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients, and healthy controls. These findings provide valuable information for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PCNSL.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yumei Zhou, Linhan Hu, Honglei Zhang, Haiyun Zhang, Juntong Liu, Xiaoshan Zhao, Ji Wang, Qi Wang
Summary: The study found that GMK achieves a similar effect as dexamethasone in controlling symptoms of allergic asthma and inhibiting inflammation, reconstructs the immune balance of Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17 cells, and impacts asthma treatment by altering gut microbiota. Metabolome results reveal specific substances associated with Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17 cell balance.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Lauren T. Roland, Alan Regenberg, Amber U. Luong, Sarah K. Wise, Elina Toskala, Kent K. Lam, Joshua M. Levy, Christine B. Franzese, Kristine Smith, Jean Kim
Summary: Biologics have been approved for use in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients, showing effectiveness in controlling the disease in both subjective and objective short-term outcomes. However, the high costs of biologics may pose a burden for the healthcare system with widespread and prolonged use. Cost-effectiveness analyses are needed to determine appropriate usage, along with addressing patient preferences, counseling on side effects, and healthcare economics.
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2021)