The warmer the ocean surface, the shallower the mixed layer. How much of this is true?

Decline in global oceanic oxygen content during the past five decades

(2017) Sunke Schmidtko et al.   NATURE

Climate impacts on global hot spots of marine biodiversity

(2017) Francisco Ramírez et al.   Science Advances

Changes in Ocean Heat, Carbon Content, and Ventilation: A Review of the First Decade of GO-SHIP Global Repeat Hydrography

(2016) L.D. Talley et al.   Annual Review of Marine Science

Changes in meandering of the Northern Hemisphere circulation

(2016) Giorgia Di Capua et al.   Environmental Research Letters

Mid-2000s North Atlantic shift: Heat budget and circulation changes

(2016) R. Somavilla et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

The impact of advection on stratification and chlorophyll variability in the equatorial Pacific

(2015) Apurva C. Dave et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

A more productive, but different, ocean after mitigation

(2015) Jasmin G. John et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years

(2015) Elodie Martinez et al.   GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY

Characterization of distinct bloom phenology regimes in the Southern Ocean

(2015) Jean-Baptiste Sallée et al.   ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE

Onset, intensification, and decline of phytoplankton blooms in the Southern Ocean

(2015) Joan Llort et al.   ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE

The reinvigoration of the Southern Ocean carbon sink

(2015) Peter Landschützer et al.   SCIENCE

Unabated planetary warming and its ocean structure since 2006

(2015) Dean Roemmich et al.   Nature Climate Change

Revaluating ocean warming impacts on global phytoplankton

(2015) Michael J. Behrenfeld et al.   Nature Climate Change

Southern Ocean wind-driven entrainment enhances satellite chlorophyll-a through the summer

(2015) Magdalena M. Carranza et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS

Physical controls of variability in North Atlantic phytoplankton communities

(2015) Andrew D. Barton et al.   LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY

Long-term variability of phytoplankton carbon biomass in the Sargasso Sea

(2014) Philip J. Wallhead et al.   GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES

Wind-driven changes in Southern Ocean residual circulation, ocean carbon reservoirs and atmospheric CO2

(2013) Jonathan M. Lauderdale et al.   CLIMATE DYNAMICS

Distinctive climate signals in reanalysis of global ocean heat content

(2013) Magdalena A. Balmaseda et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Revisiting the evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in midlatitudes

(2013) Elizabeth A. Barnes   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Seasonality of North Atlantic phytoplankton from space: impact of environmental forcing on a changing phenology (1998-2012)

(2013) Fernando González Taboada et al.   GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY

Evaluation of the ECMWF ocean reanalysis system ORAS4

(2013) Magdalena Alonso Balmaseda et al.   QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY

Assessment of Southern Ocean mixed-layer depths in CMIP5 models: Historical bias and forcing response

(2013) J.-B. Sallée et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS

Examining the global record of interannual variability in stratification and marine productivity in the low-latitude and mid-latitude ocean

(2013) Apurva C. Dave et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS

Evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid-latitudes

(2012) Jennifer A. Francis et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Enhanced upper ocean stratification with climate change in the CMIP3 models

(2012) Antonietta Capotondi et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

A multi-decadal hindcast of a physical–biogeochemical model and derived oceanographic indices in the Bay of Biscay

(2012) Martin Huret et al.   JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS

Observed decreases in oxygen content of the global ocean

(2011) Kieran P. Helm et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

On the relationship between stratification and primary productivity in the North Atlantic

(2011) M. Susan Lozier et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Mixed layer depth (MLD) variability in the southern Bay of Biscay. Deepening of winter MLDs concurrent with generalized upper water warming trends?

(2011) Raquel Somavilla Cabrillo et al.   OCEAN DYNAMICS

Anthropogenic modification of the oceans

(2011) T. Tyrrell   PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES

Warming up, turning sour, losing breath: ocean biogeochemistry under global change

(2011) N. Gruber   PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES

State of the Climate in 2009

(2010) D. S. Arndt et al.   BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY

Challenges of modeling depth-integrated marine primary productivity over multiple decades: A case study at BATS and HOT

(2010) Vincent S. Saba et al.   GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES

Global phytoplankton decline over the past century

(2010) Daniel G. Boyce et al.   NATURE

Zonally asymmetric response of the Southern Ocean mixed-layer depth to the Southern Annular Mode

(2010) J. B. Sallée et al.   Nature Geoscience

A New Algorithm for Finding Mixed Layer Depths with Applications to Argo Data and Subantarctic Mode Water Formation*

(2009) James Holte et al.   JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY

Large changes in the hydrographic structure of the Bay of Biscay after the extreme mixing of winter 2005

(2009) R. Somavilla et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

State of the Climate in 2007

(2008) D. H. Levinson et al.   BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY

Historical trends in the jet streams

(2008) Cristina L. Archer et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Ocean's least productive waters are expanding

(2008) Jeffrey J. Polovina et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Variability of the Oceanic Mixed Layer, 1960–2004

(2008) James A. Carton et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

Winter Mixed Layer Development in the Central Irminger Sea: The Effect of Strong, Intermittent Wind Events

(2008) Kjetil Våge et al.   JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY