Article
Engineering, Environmental
Heejoo Han, Min Joon Song, Daehyun D. Kim, Taeho Yun, Hyun Yoon, Hong Woon Lee, Young Mo Kim, Michele Laureni, Sukhwan Yoon
Summary: Self-sustaining biotrickling filtration, tested at a full-scale WWTP, showed promising results in mitigating N2O emissions under realistic operational conditions, demonstrating its robustness and effectiveness.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexander J. Schmithausen, Hauke F. Deeken, Katrin Gerlach, Manfred Trimborn, Kirsten Weiss, Wolfgang Buescher, Gerd-Christian Maack
Summary: This study investigated the formation of greenhouse gases during the ensiling process, focusing on the variations in CO2, N2O, and CH4 concentrations in forage. Grass and lucerne were ensiled at different dry matter concentrations in laboratory-scale barrels, showing that low DM concentration led to faster CO2 production, while lucerne forage and higher DM concentrations resulted in increased N2O concentrations. The study also found that butyric acid formation by clostridia contributed to CH4 formation, with lucerne silage exhibiting significantly higher concentrations from day 13 of ensiling. These findings highlight the impact of malfermentation on greenhouse gas emissions during ensiling.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Baris Uzel, Thomas D. Stanton, Neal A. Scott
Summary: The availability of nitrogen in High Arctic soils is expected to increase due to permafrost thaw and elevated microbial activity stimulated by climate warming. However, the influence of cold season temperatures on the release and accumulation of inorganic nitrogen and greenhouse gases in these environments is poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of different minimum cold season temperatures on spring and growing season nitrogen and carbon cycling in the soil.
Article
Environmental Sciences
N. Valiente, F. Jirsa, T. Hein, W. Wanek, J. Prommer, P. Bonin, J. J. Gomez-Alday
Summary: This study demonstrates the coexistence of denitrification, DNRA, and anammox processes in a highly saline lake, with their contribution determined by environmental conditions such as oxygen and light. DNRA, especially denitrification to N2O, were the dominant nitrogen removal pathways in the presence of oxygen and/or light. Conversely, anoxia and darkness promoted NO3- reduction by DNRA combined with N loss by anammox.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raphael Vollhardt, Julie Mazoyer, Lucy Bernardaud, Andrei Haddad, Pauline Jaubert, Irene Coman, Philippe Manceau, Marie Mongin, Bertrand Degos
Summary: We report detailed clinical and paraclinical presentations of 12 patients who experienced combined degeneration of the spinal cord and peripheral neuropathies following N2O consumption. Symptoms improved after vitamin B12 substitution, but some sensory sequelae remained. More research and targeted interventions are needed to address the growing issue of N2O abuse.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wenhao Zhai, Liming Jia, Ran Zhao, Xiaomeng Chen, Yunxian Zhang, Zimin Wei
Summary: In this study, the response of N2O-related microorganisms to biochar addition during chicken manure composting was investigated. The addition of biochar reduced the species of N2O-related microorganisms and changed their functional roles. Network analysis revealed that biochar addition weakened the transformation relationship between nitrification and denitrification, leading to the inhibition of denitrification rate. Structural equation models confirmed that the addition of biochar promoted the dominance of core microorganism Ornithinibacillus, which weakened denitrification during composting. This study identified the core microorganisms involved in N2O production and provided a theoretical basis for targeted regulation of N2O emission.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xin Zou, Yun Zhou, Mengjiao Gao, Sen Yang, Abdul Mohammed, Yang Liu
Summary: This study effectively suppressed N2O emissions in the treatment of ammonia rich wastewater by altering the frequency of aerobic/anoxic phases. Increasing the number of aerobic phases resulted in a significant reduction of N2O emissions. Aerobic phases contributed more to the total N2O emissions compared to anoxic phases. Furthermore, N2O emissions were positively correlated with nitrite accumulation and negatively correlated with the nosZ/(nirK+nirS) gene ratio.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Martin L. Battaglia, Wade E. Thomason, John H. Fike, Gregory K. Evanylo, Ryan D. Stewart, Cole D. Gross, Mahmoud F. Seleiman, Emre Babur, Amir Sadeghpour, Matthew Tom Harrison
Summary: This study investigates the effects of crop residue on greenhouse gas emissions in a multi-crop system. Short-term changes in methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions were measured in continuous corn and corn-wheat-soybean rotations. The results show that different crop retention rates have a significant impact on CH4 and N2O emissions, but not on CO2 fluxes.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Weiyi Tang, Amal Jayakumar, Xin Sun, John C. Tracey, Julia Carroll, Elizabeth Wallace, Jenna A. Lee, Levy Nathan, Bess Ward
Summary: The study found that N2O consumption rates are high in the seasonally anoxic environment of Chesapeake Bay, but generally undetectable in oxygenated waters. However, when the oxygen concentration was reduced in oxygenated samples, N2O consumption rates increased significantly, indicating the potential for N2O consumption in oxygenated environments. These new observations provide insights into N2O cycling processes and can be used to improve the modeling of N2O flux in estuaries.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John C. H. Chiang, Alyssa R. Atwood, Daniel J. Vimont, Paul A. Nicknish, William H. G. Roberts, Clay R. Tabor, Anthony J. Broccoli
Summary: The annual cycle of sea surface temperature in the Pacific cold tongue is not only driven by Earth's axial tilt (tilt effect) but also by the variation in Earth-Sun distance caused by orbital eccentricity (distance effect). These two effects lead to a complex evolution of the net seasonality over time. This finding calls for a reassessment of our understanding of the annual cycle of the Pacific cold tongue.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yongxing Lu, Ye Tao, Benfeng Yin, Yonggang Li, Colin Tucker, Xiaobing Zhou, Yuanming Zhang
Summary: Dryland ecosystems are often nitrogen-limited, and small nitrogen inputs can have significant effects on nitrogen emissions. This study investigated the impact of increased anthropogenic nitrogen deposition in desert ecosystems during non-growing seasons. Results showed that nitrogen addition significantly affected N2O emissions and increased the abundances of key functional genes for nitrogen cycle. However, the effect on NO emissions was minimal. The composition of biological soil crusts played a crucial role in determining the effects of nitrogen addition on N2O emissions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chengxiong Wang, Wenzheng Xia, Dongxia Yang, Tingting Zheng, Yangjia Rong, Junchen Du, Bingxian Wu, Yunkun Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the formation of ammonia and nitrous oxide in vehicle emissions. The results show that the reactions and aging of catalysts play a crucial role in the production of these pollutants. Specifically, the presence of excess oxygen favors nitrous oxide formation, while the lack of reactive oxygen species promotes ammonia formation. The aging of catalysts leads to higher emissions of ammonia and nitrous oxide.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Anna Kolomijeca, Lukas Marx, Sarah Reynolds, Thierry Cariou, Edward Mawji, Cedric Boulart
Summary: This study investigates the distribution of dissolved methane and associated air-sea fluxes in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean during winter 2020. The results suggest that methane in the ocean is mainly produced by phytoplanktonic activity, particularly by cyanobacteria. The calculation of air-sea fluxes confirms the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean as a source of methane. This study provides evidence for understanding the oversaturation of methane in the surface mixed layer of the open ocean.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aniruddha Dey, Jesse B. Gordon, Therese Albert, Sinan Sabuncu, Maxime A. Siegler, Samantha N. MacMillan, Kyle M. Lancaster, Pierre Moenne-Loccoz, David P. Goldberg
Summary: A new nonheme iron(II) complex was reported, which reacts with NO(g) to form a stable mononitrosyl complex. The mononitrosyl complex exhibits highly activated characteristics and can rapidly convert to N2O in the absence of an exogenous reductant.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
David R. Kanter, Claudia Wagner-Riddle, Peter M. Groffman, Eric A. Davidson, James N. Galloway, Jesse D. Gourevitch, Hans J. M. van Grinsven, Benjamin Z. Houlton, Bonnie L. Keeler, Stephen M. Ogle, Holly Pearen, Kevin J. Rennert, Mustafa Saifuddin, Daniel J. Sobota, Gernot Wagner
Summary: The social cost of nitrous oxide does not factor in stratospheric ozone depletion, which could potentially increase its value by 20%. Furthermore, the connections between nitrous oxide and other nitrogen pollution impacts could make mitigation efforts even more urgent.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
Andre Lopes Brum, Jose Luiz Lima de Azevedo, Marcus Dengler
Summary: Using 36 years of data, it is found that the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) region in the tropical South Atlantic has a coherent structure up to 8 degrees S, but downstream of a region of strong bathymetric curvature, it breaks up into a train of eddies. In this eddy region, the seasonal cycle of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) propagates poleward from May to September. The connection between mean kinetic energy and EKE suggests that enhanced upstream mean flow intensifies the downstream eddy field. Barotropic energy conversion is found to be the primary source of EKE and modulates its variability in the deeper ocean DWBC region.
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
James N. Moum, William D. Smyth, Kenneth G. Hughes, Deepak Cherian, Sally J. Warner, Bernard Bourles, Peter Brandt, Marcus Dengler
Summary: Several years of moored turbulence measurements in the equatorial cold tongues of Atlantic and Pacific Oceans reveal the wind dependencies of diurnally varying turbulence. The transitions from daytime to nighttime mixing regimes are delayed with weakening wind stress, and this delay is caused by the wind-dependent deepening of the diurnal warm layer. The delay in initiation of deep cycle turbulence contributes to a reduction in daily averaged values of turbulence dissipation.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Wangwang Ye, Damian L. Arevalo-Martinez, Yuhong Li, Jianwen Wen, Hailun He, Jiexia Zhang, Jian Liu, Man Wu, Liyang Zhan
Summary: Methane (CH4) is emitted in significant amounts from the open and coastal oceans, but its distribution in remote oceanic areas is largely unknown. A study conducted in the Ross Sea in January 2020 found that CH4 undersaturation was present throughout the water column, and its distribution was influenced by mixing of water masses, in situ consumption, air-sea exchange, diapycnal diffusion, and consumption of CH4. The Ross Sea acted as a substantial sink for atmospheric CH4 during austral summer, contrasting with most oceanic regions that are known sources.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marisa Roch, Peter Brandt, Sunke Schmidtko
Summary: The warming climate is causing a strengthening of ocean stratification, which has significant impacts on various processes in the ocean. This study investigates the state and trend of different parameters characterizing ocean stratification and finds that the stratification maximum has increased in both hemispheres. Comparisons to mixed layer characteristics show that a strengthening stratification is accompanied by a warming and freshening of the mixed layer. Globally, the stratification maximum strengthens by 7-8% and the mixed layer deepens by 4 m during 2006-2021. These findings can help improve predictions on climate change impact on upper-ocean ecology and biogeochemistry.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Swantje Bastin, Martin Claus, Richard J. Greatbatch, Peter Brandt
Summary: Equatorial deep jets (EDJs) are vertically alternating, stacked zonal currents that flow along the Equator in all three ocean basins at intermediate depth. The structure of EDJs can be described quite well by the sum of high-baroclinic-mode equatorial Kelvin and Rossby waves. However, EDJs have a larger meridional width than predicted by inviscid theory. This study investigates the contributions of different processes to the enhanced EDJ width and suggests that widening due to momentum loss from irreversible mixing or other processes contributes more to the enhanced time mean width than averaging over meandering of the jets. The results also indicate a stronger connection between the intraseasonal variability and the widening of EDJs by meandering.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pierre L'Hegaret, Florian Schuette, Sabrina Speich, Gilles Reverdin, Dariusz B. Baranowski, Rena Czeschel, Tim Fischer, Gregory R. Foltz, Karen J. Heywood, Gerd Krahmann, Remi Laxenaire, Caroline Le Bihan, Philippe Le Bot, Stephane Leizour, Callum Rollo, Michael Schlundt, Elizabeth Siddle, Corentin Subirade, Dongxiao Zhang, Johannes Karstensen
Summary: The EUREC4A-OA/ATOMIC experiment aimed to study the dynamic processes and interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere in the northwestern Tropical Atlantic Ocean. Multiple devices and platforms were used to gather data, which were calibrated and validated for consistency.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2023)
Review
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Peter Brandt, Gael Alory, Founi Mesmin Awo, Marcus Dengler, Sandrine Djakoure, Rodrigue Anicet Imbol Koungue, Julien Jouanno, Mareike Koerner, Marisa Roch, Mathieu Rouault
Summary: In this paper, the authors review the observational and modeling results of upwelling in the tropical Atlantic, focusing on the physical processes that drive the seasonal variability and biological productivity. The equatorial, Gulf of Guinea coastal, and tropical Angolan upwelling systems are separately discussed, and their respective driving mechanisms are examined. The authors also address the recent changes in upwelling systems associated with climate variability and global warming and discuss possible responses in future scenarios.
Article
Ecology
Hanna I. Campen, Damian L. Arevalo-Martinez, Hermann W. Bange
Summary: Carbon monoxide (CO) has an impact on the radiative budget and oxidative capacity of the Arctic atmosphere, and its cycling in the Arctic Ocean is not well-studied. Incubation experiments in the Fram Strait revealed that environmental conditions did not directly affect CO production and consumption rates, but showed correlations with coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and dissolved nitrate concentrations. These findings suggest that microbial CO uptake under oligotrophic conditions plays an important role in the variability of CO surface concentrations. The results contribute to improving models for predicting future CO concentrations and emissions in the Arctic atmosphere and their impacts.
Article
Ecology
Damian L. Arevalo-Martinez, Amir Haroon, Hermann W. Bange, Ercan Erkul, Marion Jegen, Nils Moosdorf, Jens Schneider von Deimling, Christian Berndt, Michael Ernst Boettcher, Jasper Hoffmann, Volker Liebetrau, Ulf Mallast, Gudrun Massmann, Aaron Micallef, Holly A. Michael, Hendrik Paasche, Wolfgang Rabbel, Isaac Santos, Jan Scholten, Katrin Schwalenberg, Beata Szymczycha, Ariel T. Thomas, Joonas J. Virtasalo, Hannelore Waska, Bradley A. Weymer
Summary: For thousands of years, humans have been attracted to coastlines for their resource potential and as geopolitical centers. The supply and demand of potable water are crucial for water security in coastal communities, but the interaction between freshwater and saltwater in coastal settings is complicated by natural and human-driven environmental changes. Understanding groundwater fluxes across the land-sea continuum is important for (bio)geochemical budgets and the potential use of offshore freshened groundwater as a resource. Assessing land-ocean connectivity through groundwater requires a multidisciplinary approach and is relevant for climate change, pollution, and sustainable development goals.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Mareike Koerner, Peter Brandt, Marcus Dengler
Summary: The Angolan shelf system is a highly productive ecosystem. The sea surface temperature is cooler near the coast than further offshore. The lowest temperature, strongest temperature gradient, and maximum productivity occur in winter when upwelling-favourable winds are weakest. We investigate the seasonal mixed layer heat budget to understand the causes of heat content variability and find that surface heat fluxes, horizontal advection, and turbulent mixing contribute to the observed temperature differences.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Arthur Prigent, Rodrigue Anicet Imbol Koungue, Joke F. Luebbecke, Peter Brandt, Jan Harlass, Mojib Latif
Summary: Research using the global climate model FOCI indicates that the interannual sea surface temperature variability in the southeastern tropical Atlantic will decrease significantly in response to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations, especially in the Coastal Angola Benguela Area. Under the worst-case scenario, the reduction in variability is linked to weakened thermocline feedback and changes in the mean vertical temperature gradient. Despite improvements in the model, a significant sea surface temperature bias remains, potentially impacting the results.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rainer Kiko, Marc Picheral, David Antoine, Marcel Babin, Leo Berline, Tristan Biard, Emmanuel Boss, Peter Brandt, Francois Carlotti, Svenja Christiansen, Laurent Coppola, Leandro de la Cruz, Emilie Diamond-Riquier, Xavier Durrieu de Madron, Amanda Elineau, Gabriel Gorsky, Lionel Guidi, Helena Hauss, Jean-Olivier Irisson, Lee Karp-Boss, Johannes Karstensen, Dong-gyun Kim, Rachel M. Lekanoff, Fabien Lombard, Rubens M. Lopes, Claudie Marec, Andrew M. P. McDonnell, Daniela Niemeyer, Margaux Noyon, Stephanie H. O'Daly, Mark D. Ohman, Jessica L. Pretty, Andreas Rogge, Sarah Searson, Masashi Shibata, Yuji Tanaka, Toste Tanhua, Jan Taucher, Emilia Trudnowska, Jessica S. Turner, Anya Waite, Lars Stemmann
Summary: This article presents a global dataset of marine particle size distribution obtained with underwater vision profiler 5 (UVP5) camera systems. The dataset contains 8805 vertical profiles collected between June 19, 2008 and November 23, 2020, covering all major ocean basins as well as the Mediterranean Sea and the Baltic Sea. Preliminary analysis shows that particle abundance is high in high latitude and coastal areas, and low in the deep ocean and oceanic gyres.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
