Review
Immunology
Jun Yuan, Jiarui Li, Ce Gao, Chun Jiang, Ze Xiang, Jian Wu
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor with an increasing incidence in recent years. Immunotherapy, a hot topic in cancer therapy, has limited effectiveness on cold colorectal cancer. Researchers are focusing on developing immunotherapies to prevent colorectal cancer cells from escaping the immune system.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Chang Woo Kim, Hong Jae Chon, Chan Kim
Summary: In colorectal cancer, microsatellite stable (MSS) patients display resistance to immunotherapy through multiple mechanisms including low tumor immunogenicity, activation of the WNT/beta-catenin pathway, presence of immunosuppressive cells, and liver metastasis. Combination therapies using various agents are being explored to overcome these resistance mechanisms.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giulia Dazio, Samantha Epistolio, Milo Frattini, Piercarlo Saletti
Summary: Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, and the treatment of metastatic disease relies on chemotherapy as well as targeted therapies and immunotherapy. However, drug resistance poses a challenge to effective treatment. This article describes the reasons for resistance to targeted drugs and explores possible mechanisms and drugs to overcome primary or acquired resistance in metastatic colorectal cancer.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Geicho Nakatsu
Summary: The microbiome plays a crucial role in influencing liver cancer immunity and response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, offering new insights into potential therapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Dan-Dan Li, Yuan-Ling Tang, Xin Wang
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been successful in treating tumors, but there is still a challenge in treating cold tumors effectively.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Linwei Guo, Yunjin Wang, Wenxiao Yang, Chenchen Wang, Tian'an Guo, Jingcheng Yang, Zhiming Shao, Guoxiang Cai, Sanjun Cai, Liying Zhang, Xin Hu, Ye Xu
Summary: This study conducted tumor genetic testing and analysis on 869 Chinese patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The results showed that single-gene somatic mutations in BRAF or RBM10 were associated with shorter progression-free survival in patients with metastatic CRC. Co-mutations of KRAS/AMER1 or KRAS/APC were found in the metastatic cohort, leading to poor response to bevacizumab. Moreover, pathogenic germline alterations in the DNA damage repair pathway were identified in a small percentage of patients, with secondary-hit events observed in a significant proportion of these tumors.
Review
Immunology
Ruchi Roy, Sunil Kumar Singh, Sweta Misra
Summary: This article discusses the involvement of the immune system in biological therapies targeting tumor microenvironment. It highlights the significant advancements in utilizing immune cells, particularly T cells, for the treatment of malignant tumors. The article also covers therapeutic approaches and developmental strategies to treat cancer.
Review
Immunology
Rui Rui, Liqun Zhou, Shiming He
Summary: Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, with ongoing advancements. The aim of cancer immunotherapy is to activate the host immune system to fight against malignant tumors. Tumor infiltrating leukocytes play a role in tumor microenvironment and their interaction with tumor cells influences tumor progression. Various immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, and adoptive cell transfer, have shown promising efficacy. This review summarizes the recent research progress in tumor immunotherapy, including molecular mechanisms, clinical effects, and limitations.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yuli Jian, Kangkang Yang, Xiaoxin Sun, Jun Zhao, Kai Huang, Abdullah Aldanakh, Zhongyang Xu, Haotian Wu, Qiwei Xu, Lin Zhang, Chunyan Xu, Deyong Yang, Shujing Wang
Summary: Renal cell carcinoma is a highly heterogeneous cancer group, with immune evasion being a hot topic in current research. Immunotherapy is considered the best treatment option for patients with metastatic or advanced renal cell carcinoma, and combination immunotherapy shows promising prospects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Venkateswar Addala, Felicity Newell, John V. Pearson, Alec Redwood, Bruce W. Robinson, Jenette Creaney, Nicola Waddell
Summary: Cancer immunogenomics is an emerging field that combines genomics and immunology to better understand and improve cancer immunotherapy. The use of large-scale genomic collaborations and advanced sequencing techniques has allowed researchers to identify clinically actionable alterations and predictive biomarkers in various types of cancer. Computational approaches and machine learning algorithms have been developed to analyze sequencing data and provide clinically useful information. However, there is still a need to fully understand the potential and limitations of these approaches in improving patient outcomes.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Marta Trub, Alfred Zippelius
Summary: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid formations formed under long-lasting inflammatory conditions, including tumors. Comprising mainly of B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells, TLS have been associated with improved survival and clinical outcomes in cancer patients. The exact mechanism by which TLS contribute to the anti-tumour response remains unclear, but research in this area has potential for novel B-cell focused immunotherapies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Ding-Kang Wang, Qian Zuo, Qing-Yu He, Bin Li
Summary: Gastrointestinal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with immunotherapy becoming a hot research topic for its integrative management. Understanding cancer progression mechanisms and optimizing treatment strategies is crucial for improving outcomes in gastrointestinal cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Gihoon You, Jonghwa Won, Yangsoon Lee, Dain Moon, Yunji Park, Sang Hoon Lee, Seung-Woo Lee
Summary: BsAbs are emerging as a growing class of immunotherapies with the potential to improve clinical efficacy and safety further. The review describes four classes of BsAbs and presents examples of BsAbs in development. With more data from clinical trials accumulating, BsAbs could be the next generation of new treatment options for cancer patients.
Review
Oncology
Carolina Mendonca Gorgulho, Anuradha Krishnamurthy, Anastasia Lanzi, Jerome Galon, Franck Housseau, Ramon Kaneno, Michael T. Lotze
Summary: Risk factors for colorectal cancer include dietary, lifestyle, obesity, and genetic factors. Current treatment options mainly involve surgical excision and chemotherapy, with immunotherapy showing promise in a small subset of patients but with variable response rates.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amanda V. Finck, Tatiana Blanchard, Christopher P. Roselle, Giulia Golinelli, Carl H. June
Summary: This Review discusses the goals and challenges of cellular immunotherapy in cancer and outlines strategies to overcome these challenges, highlighting the importance of this field in the treatment of other diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Florent Petitprez, Aurelien de Reynies, Emily Z. Keung, Tom Wei-Wu Chen, Cheng-Ming Sun, Julien Calderaro, Yung-Ming Jeng, Li-Ping Hsiao, Laetitia Lacroix, Antoine Bougouein, Marco Moreira, Guillaume Lacroix, Ivo Natario, Julien Adam, Carlo Lucchesi, Yec'han Laizet, Maud Toulmonde, Melissa A. Burgess, Vanessa Bolejack, Denise Reinke, Khalid M. Wani, Wei-Lien Wang, Alexander J. Lazar, Christina L. Roland, Jennifer A. Wargo, Antoine Italiano, Catherine Sautes-Fridman, Hussein A. Tawbi, Wolf H. Fridman
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Beth A. Helmink, Sangeetha M. Reddy, Jianjun Gao, Shaojun Zhang, Rafet Basar, Rohit Thakur, Keren Yizhak, Moshe Sade-Feldman, Jorge Blando, Guangchun Han, Vancheswaran Gopalakrishnan, Yuanxin Xi, Hao Zhao, Rodabe N. Amaria, Hussein A. Tawbi, Alex P. Cogdill, Wenbin Liu, Valerie S. LeBleu, Fernanda G. Kugeratski, Sapna Patel, Michael A. Davies, Patrick Hwu, Jeffrey E. Lee, Jeffrey E. Gershenwald, Anthony Lucci, Reetakshi Arora, Scott Woodman, Emily Z. Keung, Pierre-Olivier Gaudreau, Alexandre Reuben, Christine N. Spencer, Elizabeth M. Burton, Lauren E. Haydu, Alexander J. Lazar, Roberta Zapassodi, Courtney W. Hudgens, Deborah A. Ledesma, SuFey Ong, Michael Bailey, Sarah Warren, Disha Rao, Oscar Krijgsman, Elisa A. Rozeman, Daniel Peeper, Christian U. Blank, Ton N. Schumacher, Lisa H. Butterfield, Monika A. Zelazowska, Kevin M. McBride, Raghu Kalluri, James Allison, Florent Petitprez, Wolf Herman Fridman, Catherine Sautes-Fridman, Nir Hacohen, Katayoun Rezvani, Padmanee Sharma, Michael T. Tetzlaff, Linghua Wang, Jennifer A. Wargo
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mark Yarchoan, Won Jin Ho, Aditya Mohan, Yajas Shah, Teena Vithayathil, James Leatherman, Lauren Dennison, Neeha Zaidi, Sudipto Ganguly, Skylar Woolman, Kayla Cruz, Todd D. Armstrong, Elizabeth M. Jaffee
Article
Immunology
Wolf Herman Fridman, Florent Petitprez, Maxime Meylan, Tom Wei-Wu Chen, Cheng-Ming Sun, Lubka T. Roumenina, Catherine Sautes-Fridman
Summary: Recent studies have suggested that B cells in the tumor microenvironment may play a significant role in presenting tumor-associated antigens to T cells and producing antibodies that enhance antigen presentation, ultimately impacting cancer clinical outcomes. Immune complexes formed by B cells can also have deleterious effects through inflammation, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression via macrophage and complement activation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Evanthia T. Roussos Torres, Christine Rafie, Chenguang Wang, David Lim, Adam Brufsky, Patricia LoRusso, Joseph Paul Eder, Vincent Chung, Melinda Downs, Molly Geare, Richard Piekarz, Howard Streicher, Leslie Anforth, Michelle A. Rudek, Qingfeng Zhu, Sepideh Besharati, Ashley Cimino-Mathews, Robert A. Anders, Vered Stearns, Elizabeth M. Jaffee, Roisin M. Connolly
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of combining the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat with nivolumab +/- ipilimumab in advanced solid tumors. The results showed that this combination therapy had promising clinical efficacy, with a significant increase in CD8/FoxP3 ratio, indicating potential for further research. The study concluded that the combination was safe and well tolerated, supporting the need for further investigation into both clinical efficacy and immune modulation.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Jiajia Zhang, Cynthia L. Sears
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yue Liu, Kai Fu, Eric M. Wier, Yifan Lei, Andrea Hodgson, Dongqing Xu, Xue Xia, Dandan Zheng, Hua Ding, Cynthia L. Sears, Jian Yang, Fengyi Wan
Summary: This study identified a novel genotoxin called UshA in attaching/effacing pathogens, which triggers DNA damage and initiates tumorigenic transformation during bacterial infections. Furthermore, it was found that UshA plays a critical role in accelerating colon tumorigenesis in mice. These findings highlight the importance of UshA in the development of colon cancer caused by bacterial infections.
Review
Oncology
Reece J. Knippel, Julia L. Drewes, Cynthia L. Sears
Summary: This review focuses on recent investigations to identify potential microbial species associated with cancer initiation and progression at specific body sites. Emerging experimental and translational data support the microbiome's contribution to cancer biology and disease progression, suggesting that disrupting microbiome features and pathways could lead to new approaches for improving cancer outcomes in patients.
Review
Oncology
Wolf H. Fridman, Maxime Meylan, Florent Petitprez, Cheng-Ming Sun, Antoine Italiano, Catherine Sautes-Fridman
Summary: B cells play a critical role in the tumor microenvironment, particularly within tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). The presence of mature TLS, high density of B cells and plasma cells, and antibodies targeting tumor-associated antigens are associated with favorable clinical outcomes and response to immunotherapy. However, polyclonal B cell activation can lead to pro-inflammatory responses. Novel therapeutic approaches are being explored to enhance the development of TLS and anti-tumor B cells for cancer therapy.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Dimitrios N. Sidiropoulos, Christine I. Rafie, Julie K. Jang, Sofi Castanon, Aaron G. Baugh, Edgar Gonzalez, Brian J. Christmas, Valerie H. Narumi, Emily F. Davis-Marcisak, Gaurav Sharma, Emma Bigelow, Ajay Vaghasia, Anuj Gupta, Alyza Skaist, Michael Considine, Sarah J. Wheelan, Sathish Kumar Ganesan, Min Yu, Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian, Vered Stearns, Roisin M. Connolly, Daria A. Gaykalova, Luciane T. Kagohara, Elizabeth M. Jaffee, Elana J. Fertig, Evanthia T. Roussos Torres
Summary: This study comprehensively characterized the changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) induced by entinostat, an oral histone deacetylase inhibitor, using single-cell RNA sequencing. The results showed that entinostat shifted the TME from a protumor to an antitumor signature, mainly through changes in myeloid cells. This study suggests that entinostat-induced alterations in myeloid cell types reduce immunosuppression and increase antitumor responses, thus improving the sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Maxwell T. White, Cynthia L. Sears
Summary: This review discusses the significant role of the gut microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and the mechanisms by which specific microorganisms and complex microbial communities contribute to CRC pathogenesis. Despite advancements in understanding the microbiota-CRC relationship, there are substantial gaps in current research that need to be addressed.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Jessica Queen, Fyza Shaikh, Cynthia L. Sears
Summary: Sears and colleagues present the latest advances in understanding the relationship between the microbiome and cancer, and discuss potential applications of this knowledge in cancer therapy. The interactions between the microbiota and cancer, as well as the underlying mechanisms, are an exciting and rapidly evolving field in cancer biology and therapeutics. The authors highlight the role of specific bacteria or their communities in carcinogenesis, and emphasize the bidirectional interplay between the microbiota and host gene or epigenome signaling. They also discuss the potential therapeutic manipulation of the microbiota in cancer patients.
Article
Surgery
Kristen Donohue, Rachel E. NeMoyer, Viktor Dombrovskiy, Teresa Brown, Sondra Patella, Craig Rezac, Rebecca Moss, Nell Maloney Patel
Summary: This study examined the impact of surgical subspecialty and operative approach on the time to adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer. The results showed that minimally invasive surgery may help decrease the time to chemotherapy initiation, while the presence of intraoperative and postoperative complications could delay it.
ANNALS OF LAPAROSCOPIC AND ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Kristen L. Mueller, Marc R. Theoret, Steven J. Lemery, Laleh Amiri-Kordestani, Charlotte E. Ariyan, Michael B. Atkins, Donald A. Berry, Christian U. Blank, Angela M. DeMichele, Patrick M. Forde, Nageatte Ibrahim, Patricia Keegan, Tara C. Mitchell, Rebecca A. Moss, Caroline Robert, Rajeshwari Sridhara, Janis M. Taube, Michael T. Tetzlaff, Jennifer A. Wargo, Keith T. Flaherty, Michael J. Kaplan, Suzanne L. Topalian, Ashley F. Ward, Marc S. Hurlbert
Summary: Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in treating patients with metastatic melanoma, with the approval of multiple new treatment options. There is interest in exploring the use of kinase inhibitors or ICI in the neoadjuvant setting to improve outcomes, but further research is needed. A public workshop convened by the FDA and Melanoma Research Alliance discussed key issues related to neoadjuvant treatment for melanoma, with a focus on novel endpoints, clinical trial design, and patient selection strategies.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Adam C. Mirando, Akash Patil, Christine I. Rafie, Brian J. Christmas, Niranjan B. Pandey, Vered Stearns, Elizabeth M. Jaffee, Evanthia T. Roussos Torres, Aleksander S. Popel