Article
Neurosciences
Carla Tomatis, Antonella Leon, Aide O. Lopez Ortiz, Paula Oneto, Federico Fuentes, Maria F. Ferrer, Eugenio A. Carrera Silva, Camila Scorticati, Ricardo M. Gomez
Summary: In this study, we investigated the replication of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) in primary cultures of mouse brain hippocampal neurons using highly neurovirulent GDVII, less neurovirulent DA strains, and a mutant DA lacking the L* protein (L*-1). GDVII showed the highest replication titer, while L*-1 had the lowest. All viruses were positive for viral antigen staining at 3 days postinfection, and DA and L*-1 remained positive at 12 dpi. Immunostaining and cell viability analysis revealed different responses and changes in neuron cultures infected with different strains. Additionally, the expression of neuroprotective genes and PKR levels varied among the strains. L*-1-infected neurons showed a decrease in spine density, which was further reduced by treatment with poly (I:C), known for triggering IFN type I synthesis.
Article
Biology
Longxian Lv, Silan Gu, Huiyong Jiang, Ren Yan, Yanfei Chen, Yunbo Chen, Rui Luo, Chenjie Huang, Haifeng Lu, Beiwen Zheng, Hua Zhang, Jiafeng Xia, Lingling Tang, Guoping Sheng, Lanjuan Li
Summary: The study reveals that gut mycobiota dysbiosis occurs in both COVID-19 patients and H1N1-infected patients, and this dysbiosis does not improve until patients are discharged and no longer require medical attention.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aleksander Branda Santana, Bianca Silva Souto, Natalia Cristina de Melo Santos, Jessica Assis Pereira, Carlos Alberto Tagliati, Romulo Dias Novaes, Patricia Paiva Corsetti, Leonardo Augusto de Almeida
Summary: Treatment with 5-FU increases susceptibility to pulmonary infection by P. aeruginosa in BALB/c mice, while fecal microbiota transplantation offers protection against this susceptibility to infection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kathryn G. Sterling, Griffin Kutler Dodd, Shatha Alhamdi, Peter G. Asimenios, Ruben K. Dagda, Kenny L. De Meirleir, Dorothy Hudig, Vincent C. Lombardi
Summary: Advances in NGS technologies have provided valuable insights into the gut microbiota composition and its potential impact on diseases. The mucosal immunity plays a significant role in shaping the microbiota and its alterations may affect neuroimmune diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yao-Chun Hsu, Chih-Cheng Chen, Wei-Hsiang Lee, Chi-Yang Chang, Fu-Jen Lee, Cheng-Hao Tseng, Tzu-Haw Chen, Hsiu J. Ho, Jaw-Town Lin, Chun-Ying Wu
Summary: The gut microbiome of HCV-infected patients is significantly different from uninfected controls, but there is no significant change in overall microbial composition shortly after HCV eradication.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rouven Wannemacher, Anna Reiss, Karl Rohn, Fred Luehder, Alexander Fluegel, Wolfgang Baumgaertner, Kirsten Huelskoetter
Summary: Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is the causative agent of TMEV-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD); a well-established animal model for the chronic progressive form of human multiple sclerosis (MS). In susceptible mice with an inadequate immune response, TMEV-IDD is triggered by virus persistence and maintained by a T cell mediated immunopathology. OT-mice are bred on a TMEV-resistant C57BL/6 background and own predominantly chicken ovalbumin (OVA)-specific populations of CD8(+) T cells (OT-I) or CD4(+) T cells (OT-II), respectively.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Insug O-Sullivan, Arivarasu Natarajan Anbazhagan, Gurjit Singh, Kaige Ma, Stefan J. Green, Megha Singhal, Jun Wang, Anoop Kumar, Pradeep K. Dudeja, Terry G. Unterman, Gina Votta-Velis, Benjamin Bruce, Andre J. van Wijnen, Hee-Jeong Im
Summary: The study found that probiotic therapy with Lactobacillus acidophilus can rapidly alleviate inflammatory knee joint pain and prevent further progression of osteoarthritis. This treatment also reduces the levels of cartilage-degrading enzymes, pain markers, and inflammatory factors. Additionally, the probiotic treatment significantly alters the fecal microbiota.
Review
Immunology
Lewis W. Yu, Gulistan Agirman, Elaine Y. Hsiao
Summary: The gut microbiome has a significant impact on various physiological functions of the host, particularly in regulating central nervous system homeostasis. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and dysregulated neuroimmune responses are common comorbidities of neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurological disorders.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kunal Dixit, Diptaraj Chaudhari, Dhiraj Dhotre, Yogesh Shouche, Sunil Saroj
Summary: The human microbiome is a complex and dynamic ecosystem, with dysbiosis leading to various pathological conditions. The gut microbiome starts to develop before birth, influenced by factors such as birth mode, lifestyle, dietary practices, and medications. Restoring the dysbiotic microbiome has shown promise as a therapeutic approach.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jamie van Son, Laura L. Koekkoek, Susanne E. La Fleur, Mireille J. Serlie, Max Nieuwdorp
Summary: Obesity, a global epidemic, is associated with microbial dysbiosis. Research indicates that the gut microbiota and its metabolites have an impact on human brain and behavior. Future treatment strategies for obesity may target the gut microbiota.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Melanie Buehler, Dandan Li, Lin Li, Sandra Runft, Inken Waltl, Andreas Pavlou, Ulrich Kalinke, Malgorzata Ciurkiewicz, Jochen Huehn, Stefan Floess, Andreas Beineke, Wolfgang Baumgaertner, Ingo Gerhauser
Summary: This study investigates the role of IFNAR signaling in controlling TMEV infection in different mouse strains. The results show that IFNAR signaling is crucial for restricting viral replication and preventing lethal disease. The study also reveals the importance of IFNAR signaling in regulating the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines during viral brain infection.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Toshiaki Teratani, Yohei Mikami, Takanori Kanai
Summary: It has long been believed that the nervous system has distinct effects on immune functions, with recent advancements deepening our understanding of the regulation of organ immune functions by the nervous system, particularly in the interaction between nerves and immune cells in vivo.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Taro Onuma, Toshitaka Yamauchi, Hina Kosakamoto, Hibiki P. Kadoguchi, Takayuki Kuraishi, Takumi P. Murakami, Hiroshi Mori, Masayuki P. Miura, Fumiaki Obata
Summary: Commensal microbes have a significant impact on tissue homeostasis, stress resistance, and ageing in animals. This study investigates the molecular mechanism behind how a specific gut bacterium shortens lifespan and promotes intestinal stem cell proliferation in fruit flies. The findings reveal that the bacterium induces the production of antimicrobial peptides and alters the balance between lifespan and host defence through peptidoglycan specificity.
Article
Immunology
Ning Zhao, Yan Shu, Chenxing Jian, Zili Zhou, Haijun Bao, Xianguo Li, Xukai Cheng, Ying Zhao, Si Jin, Xiaogang Shu
Summary: Sleep deprivation can lead to stress responses and gut dysbiosis, but supplementation of GABA-producing probiotics may help alleviate these effects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ibrahim Hamad, Alessio Cardilli, Beatriz F. Corte-Real, Aleksandra Dyczko, Jaco Vangronsveld, Markus Kleinewietfeld
Summary: Dietary habits, particularly a high-salt diet, can influence the composition and function of the gut microbiome, leading to potential impacts on the immune system and disease development. This study explored the effects of different sodium chloride contents in food on the gut microbiome composition in mice, revealing distinct compositions under high-salt diet compared to control diets.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Tanja Kuhlmann, Marcello Moccia, Timothy Coetzee, Jeffrey A. Cohen, Jorge Correale, Jennifer Graves, Ruth Ann Marrie, Xavier Montalban, V. Wee Yong, Alan J. Thompson, Daniel S. Reich
Summary: Traditionally, multiple sclerosis has been categorized into distinct clinical descriptors, but accumulating evidence suggests that it should be considered as a continuum with varying pathophysiological processes. A shift from acute injury to inflammation and neurodegeneration contributes to the progressive course, along with decreased neural resilience due to aging. Understanding the key mechanisms and quantifying progressive pathology can have implications for clinical care, treatment targets, and regulatory decisions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Amit Bar-Or, Xavier Montalban, Xixi Hu, Harald Kropshofer, Petra Kukkaro, Neva Coello, Inga Ludwig, Roman Willi, Martin Zalesak, Krishnan Ramanathan, Bernd C. Kieseier, Dieter A. Haring, Morten Bagger, Edward Fox
Summary: This study aimed to explore the temporal association between serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and subclinical disease activity in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) patients. The results showed that high baseline sNfL levels increased the risk of clinical relapse or Gd + T1 activity. Individual patient trajectories revealed a correlation between baseline sNfL levels and the development of Gd + T1 lesions.
NEUROLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Enric Monreal, Jose Ignacio Fernandez-Velasco, Maria Isabel Garcia-Sanchez, Susana Sainz de la Maza, Sara Llufriu, Roberto Alvarez-Lafuente, Bonaventura Casanova, Manuel Comabella, Lluis Ramio-Torrenta, Jose Enrique Martinez-Rodriguez, Luis Brieva, Albert Saiz, Sara Eichau, Jose Maria Cabrera-Maqueda, Noelia Villarrubia, Mercedes Espino, Francisco Perez-Miralles, Xavier Montalban, Mar Tintore, Ana Quiroga-Varela, Maria Inmaculada Dominguez-Mozo, Fernando Rodriguez-Jorge, Juan Luis Chico-Garcia, Daniel Lourido, Jose Carlos Alvarez-Cermeno, Jaime Masjuan, Lucienne Costa-Frossard, Luisa Maria Villar
Summary: This multicenter cohort study found that high serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) values obtained within the first year of disease were associated with long-term disability worsening in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting that sNfL level measurement may help identify optimal candidates for highly effective disease-modifying treatments.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marta Renom, Ingrid Galan, Xavier Vidal, Mireia Aldevert, Gemma Curto, Patricia Feliu, Itziar Garcia, Lorena Gonzalo, Xavier Sibera, Elisenda Anglada, Roger Meza, Montserrat Garcia, Victor Najas, Neus Mongay-Ochoa, Maria Jesus Arevalo, Angela Vidal-Jordana, Mar Tintore, Helena Bascunana, Xavier Montalban, Rosa Terre, Jaume Sastre-Garriga
Summary: The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Dysphagia in Multiple Sclerosis Questionnaire (DYMUS) in Spanish. The questionnaire was filled out by 100 patients with multiple sclerosis, and the results showed that the DYMUS scale is not sufficiently useful to detect dysphagia in this population. However, it can be helpful as a screening tool when combined with other measures.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Serena Ruggieri, Luca Prosperini, Sarmad Al-Araji, Pietro Osvaldo Annovazzi, Alvino Bisecco, Olga Ciccarelli, Nicola De Stefano, Massimo Filippi, Vinzenz Fleischer, Nikos Evangelou, Christian Enzinger, Antonio Gallo, Afagh Garjani, Sergiu Groppa, Shalom Haggiag, Michael Khalil, Matteo Lucchini, Massimiliano Mirabella, Xavier Montalban, Carlo Pozzilli, Paolo Preziosa, Jordi Rio, Maria A. Rocca, Alex Rovira, Maria L. Stromillo, Mauro Zaffaroni, Carla Tortorella, Claudio Gasperini
Summary: Early relapses and substantial MRI activity in the first year of treatment are associated with worse short-term outcomes in patients treated with some of the oral DMTs.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Miguel-Angel Robles-Sanchez, Montse Moharra, Cristina Bosch-Farre, Maria Jose Hernandez-Leal, Xavier Montalban, Jaume Sastre-Garriga, Lluis Ramio-Torrenta, Carme Bertran-Noguer
Summary: This qualitative study aimed to identify the key elements from the perspective of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) to create a patient decision aid in the Spanish sociocultural context. The study found that patients have needs in information access, knowledge of available treatment options, and their decision-making role. These findings provide valuable information for designing and developing a patient decision aid to improve understanding and facilitate shared decision making between nurses and patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE NURSING
(2023)
Correction
Clinical Neurology
Sachi A. Patil, Binu Joseph, Paula Tagliani, Jaume Sastre-Garriga, Xavier Montalban, Angela Vidal-Jordana, Steven L. Galetta, Laura J. Balcer, Rachel C. Kenney
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jennifer S. Graves, Marcin Elantkowski, Yan-Ping Zhang, Frank Dondelinger, Florian Lipsmeier, Corrado Bernasconi, Xavier Montalban, Luciana Midaglia, Michael Lindemann
Summary: The Pinching Test serves as a remote tool to assess upper extremity function in MS patients and can complement standard clinical evaluations.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Llucia Coll, Deborah Pareto, Pere Carbonell-Mirabent, Alvaro Cobo-Calvo, Georgina Arrambide, Angela Vidal-Jordana, Manuel Comabella, Joaquin Castillo, Breogan Rodriguez-Acevedo, Ana Zabalza, Ingrid Galan, Luciana Midaglia, Carlos Nos, Annalaura Salerno, Cristina Auger, Manel Alberich, Jordi Rio, Jaume Sastre-Garriga, Arnau Oliver, Xavier Montalban, Alex Rovira, Mar Tintore, Xavier Llado, Carmen Tur
Summary: The application of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to MRI data is a promising approach for accurate prediction of neurological conditions. The study of CNN-derived attention maps can uncover key disease mechanisms.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
X. Montalban, D. Arnold, M. Weber, K. Piasecka-Stryczynska, D. Tomic, A. Kinkolykh, Y. Li, H. Guehring, J. Wolinsky
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
L. Airas, M. Williams, T. Chitnis, S. Saini, M. Hide, G. Sussman, J. Nakahara, R. Bermel, T. Dorner, B. Loop, M. Ziehn, R. Willi, B. Kieseier, I. Nikolaev, S. Haemmerle, A. Zharkov, R. Siegel, B. Cenni, H. Wiendl, M. Maurer, A. Gimenez-Arnau, X. Montalban
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
A. Bar-Or, A. H. Cross, A. Cunningham, Y. Hyvert, A. Seitzinger, E. E. Drouin, N. Alexandri, D. Tomic, X. Montalban
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
H. Wiendl, N. De Stefano, F. Barkhof, X. Montalban, A. Achiron, T. Derfuss, A. Chan, S. Hodgkinson, A. Prat, L. Leocani, K. Schmierer, F. Sellebjerg, P. Vermersch, H. Jin, E. Jaervinen, A. Chudecka, L. Gardner
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
A. Bar-Or, A. H. Cross, A. Cunningham, Y. Hyvert, A. Seitzinger, E. E. Drouin, N. Alexandri, D. Tomic, X. Montalban
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
J. Kuhle, L. Kappos, X. Montalban, P. Benkert, Y. Li, K. Thangavelu, Y. Hyvert, D. Tomic
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)