Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elise Pretzsch, Hanno Niess, Najib Ben Khaled, Florian Boesch, Markus Guba, Jens Werner, Martin Angele, Irshad H. Chaudry
Summary: Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is a major challenge in liver surgery and transplantation, and is associated with tumor growth and recurrence risk. Current therapeutic strategies have not shown protective effects in a clinical setting.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Richi Nakatake, Mareike Schulz, Christina Kalvelage, Carina Benstoem, Rene H. Tolba
Summary: The study focused on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as an early inflammatory response to hepatic ischaemia reperfusion injury (HIRI) and found that iNOS was upregulated in almost all HIRIs, with no direct associations of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) or nitric oxide (NO) with iNOS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohammed Shah, Zhenhe He, Ali Rauf, Siavash B. Kalkhoran, Christina Mathisen Heiestad, Kare-Olav Stenslokken, Christopher R. Parish, Oliver Soehnlein, Sapna Arjun, Sean M. Davidson, Derek Yellon
Summary: This study found that histones released during myocardial infarction are toxic to cardiomyocytes, and this toxicity is independent of TLR4. Inhibiting the release of histones can reduce cardiomyocyte death, providing a new therapeutic opportunity for ischemia-reperfusion injury.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Necmiye Sengel, Zeynep Koksal, Ali Dogan Dursun, Omer Kurtipek, Saban Cem Sezen, Mustafa Arslan, Mustafa Kavutcu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of dexmedetomidine administered through different routes on kidney tissue in rats with spinal cord IR injury. The results showed that dexmedetomidine administered through different routes improved the damage caused by IR in kidney histopathology, with greater renoprotective effects observed when administered intravenously and intrathecally before IR in rats.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Axel Haarmann, Christoph Vollmuth, Alexander M. M. Kollikowski, Peter U. U. Heuschmann, Mirko Pham, Guido Stoll, Hermann Neugebauer, Michael K. K. Schuhmann
Summary: Now that mechanical thrombectomy has improved outcomes after large-vessel occlusion stroke, the focus is on futile reperfusion. Unfortunately, blood-based biomarkers that identify compromised yet reperfused tissue are lacking. In this study, soluble endoglin was identified as a potential biomarker for severe ischemia with recanalization/reperfusion, as its concentrations were significantly higher in patients with successful recanalization and indicated larger infarct volumes at admission.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kaiyu Xu, Xuxuan Gao, Genghong Xia, Muxuan Chen, Nianyi Zeng, Shan Wang, Chao You, Xiaolin Tian, Huiling Di, Wenli Tang, Pan Li, Huidi Wang, Xiuli Zeng, Chuhong Tan, Fanguo Meng, Hailong Li, Yan He, Hongwei Zhou, Jia Yin
Summary: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and neuroprotective approaches have been unsuccessful in clinical trials. This study reveals a reciprocal relationship between stroke and gut dysbiosis, with acute ischemic stroke triggering dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, exacerbating brain infarction. Administering certain treatments was able to alleviate post-stroke brain infarction, illustrating the translational value of the brain-gut axis in stroke treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victoria Jimenez Carretero, Eva Ramos, Pedro Segura-Chama, Adan Hernandez, Andres M. Baraibar, Iris Alvarez-Merz, Francisco Lopez Munoz, Javier Egea, Jose M. Solis, Alejandro Romero, Jesus M. Hernandez-Guijo
Summary: This review explores the relationship between melatonin, free radicals, and non-excitatory amino acids in stroke and aging. Melatonin and non-excitatory amino acids have neuroprotective effects and contribute to the preservation of neuronal integrity and functions through multiple pathways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin John Lewis, Igor Khaliulin, Katie Hall, M. Saadeh Suleiman
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of cardioprotective intervention in immature hearts and explores the involvement of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). The results demonstrate that immature hearts have a higher innate resistance to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury compared to adult hearts, due to a reduced tendency of MPTP opening following reperfusion. Additionally, simultaneous activation of protein kinase A (PKA) and exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) provides cardioprotection that is additive to the innate resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kayleigh Griffiths, Jordan J. Lee, Michael P. Frenneaux, Martin Feelisch, Melanie Madhani
Summary: Nitric oxide plays a crucial role in protecting the heart from ischemia reperfusion injury through the 'canonical' NO-sGC-cGMP pathway. A new nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway has been discovered to improve endothelial dysfunction, protect the myocardium and reduce infarct size. Nitrite itself also provides multi-faceted protection independent of nitric oxide against various pathophysiologies of IRI.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Lei-Lei Ma, Fei-Juan Kong, Zheng Dong, Kai-Yue Xin, Xing-Xu Wang, Ai-Jun Sun, Yun-Zeng Zou, Jun-Bo Ge
Summary: Transient non-ischaemic hypertrophy stimulation through TAC preconditioning can render the heart resistant to subsequent ischaemic injury, reducing myocardial infarct size and apoptosis, and improving cardiac function significantly. TAC preconditioning attenuates I/R-induced autophagy by deacetylating SOD2 via a SIRT3-dependent mechanism, highlighting a novel strategy for cardioprotection against cardiac injury.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Chenxia Hu, Lingfei Zhao, Fen Zhang, Lanjuan Li
Summary: The liver is the only organ with regenerative capacity, but various injury factors can lead to irreversible liver dysfunction. Liver resection and transplantation are effective treatments for liver failure. Melatonin has antioxidant properties and can attenuate liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. Understanding the mechanisms of melatonin's interactions with other cellular processes can improve its potential for treating liver diseases.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Anna Marei Grages, Nicole Verhaar, Christiane Pfarrer, Gerhard Breves, Marion Burmester, Stephan Neudeck, Sabine Kastner
Summary: This study compared two experimental models, low flow and no flow, to characterize the development of intestinal injury in horses. The results showed that the no flow model produced more consistent intestinal damage compared to the low flow model.
Correction
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Cheng-Long Zhang, Tian-Yi Long, Si-Si Bi, Sayed-Ali Sheikh, Fei Li
Summary: The correction to this paper has been published.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Zhenhui Wang, Xiaofeng Li, Wei Li, Yongyong Cao, Huaifeng Li
Summary: This study introduces a metal-free reductive acyldifluoroalkylation method for synthesizing β-difluoroalkyl ketones, which can proceed at room temperature. This method overcomes the limitations of previous synthesis methods that required heating or precious metal photocatalysts/oxidants, and it exhibits mild conditions, a broad substrate scope, and late-stage functionalization, facilitated by cooperative NHC and organophotocatalysis.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Dimitrios Vlastos, Mohamed Zeinah, George Ninkovic-Hall, Stefanos Vlachos, Agni Salem, Athanasios Asonitis, Hemangi Chavan, Lazaros Kalampalikis, Abdullah Al Shammari, Jose Maria Alvarez Gallesio, Aina Pons, Ioanna Andreadou, Ignatios Ikonomidis
Summary: This article provides a narrative review of the existing experimental and clinical evidence regarding the effects of ischemic conditioning on lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) and prompts further investigation to refine its clinical application.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luca Liberale, Simon Kraler, Yustina M. Puspitasari, Nicole R. Bonetti, Alexander Akhmedov, Stefano Ministrini, Fabrizio Montecucco, Nikolaus Marx, Michael Lehrke, Niels Ulrik K. Hartmann, Jurg H. Beer, Florian A. Wenzl, Francesco Paneni, Thomas F. Luscher, Giovanni G. Camici
Summary: The study showed that SGLT-2 inhibition by empagliflozin does not impact experimental arterial thrombus formation, neither under baseline conditions nor during sustained low-grade inflammation. The results suggest that the beneficial effects of empagliflozin are likely independent of pathways mediating arterial thrombosis.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gianluigi Savarese, Takuya Kishi, Orly Vardeny, Samuel Adamsson Eryd, Johan Bodegard, Lars H. Lund, Marcus Thuresson, Biykem Bozkurt
Summary: This study examined the use of guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMTs) in Japan, Sweden, and the United States. It found that initiation of novel GDMTs was delayed compared to other GDMTs and only a small percentage of patients received the target doses of the recommended GDMTs.
JACC-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luca Liberale, Yustina M. Puspitasari, Stefano Ministrini, Alexander Akhmedov, Simon Kraler, Nicole R. Bonetti, Georgia Beer, Ana Vukolic, Dario Bongiovanni, Jiaying Han, Kilian Kirmes, Isabell Bernlochner, Jaroslav Pelisek, Jurg H. Beer, Zheng-Gen Jin, Daniela Pedicino, Giovanna Liuzzo, Konstantinos Stellos, Fabrizio Montecucco, Filippo Crea, Thomas F. Luscher, Giovanni G. Camici
Summary: JCAD promotes arterial thrombosis by modulating coagulation and fibrinolysis. Knockout of JCAD reduces thrombogenicity in mice, and silencing of JCAD inhibits the expression of coagulation factors and fibrinolysis factors. These findings suggest JCAD as a potential therapeutic target for atherothrombosis.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marco Luciani, Daniel Mueller, Chiara Vanetta, Thamonwan Diteepeng, Arnold von Eckardstein, Stefanie Aeschbacher, Nicolas Rodondi, Giorgio Moschovitis, Tobias Reichlin, Tim Sinnecker, Jens Wuerfel, Leo H. Bonati, Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi, Patricia Chocano-Bedoya, Michael Coslovsky, Giovanni G. Camici, Thomas F. Luescher, Michael Kuehne, Stefan Osswald, David Conen, Juerg Hans Beer
Summary: This study investigated the role of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in predicting adverse events in patients with atrial fibrillation. The results showed that high levels of TMAO are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and cerebral infarction.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Florian A. Wenzl, Alessandro Mengozzi, Shafeeq A. Mohammed, Nicola Riccardo Pugliese, Alessia Mongelli, Era Gorica, Samuele Ambrosini, Peter Riederer, Peter Fischer, Margareta Hinterberger, Yustina Puspitasari, Thomas F. Luscher, Giovanni G. Camici, Christian M. Matter, Gian Paolo Fadini, Agostino Virdis, Stefano Masi, Frank Ruschitzka, Edna Grunblatt, Francesco Paneni, Sarah Costantino
Summary: This study investigated the association between circulating long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and incident type 2 diabetes in older adults. The researchers found that four lncRNAs (ANRIL, MIAT, RNCR3, and PLUTO) were associated with the development of type 2 diabetes and were linked to hemoglobin A(1c) levels throughout the 7.5-year follow-up period.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gianluigi Savarese, Markus S. Anker, Stefan D. Anker
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chiara Cappelletto, Davide Stolfo, Nicola Orsini, Lina Benson, Daniele Rodolico, Giuseppe M. C. Rosano, Ulf Dahlstroem, Gianfranco Sinagra, Lars H. Lund, Gianluigi Savarese
Summary: This study investigated the use of guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMT) in obese and non-obese heart failure patients. The study found that obese patients were more likely to use GDMT and had better outcomes with the use of RASi/ARNi and beta-blockers compared to non-obese patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bjort K. Kragesteen, Amir Giladi, Eyal David, Shahar Halevi, Laufey Geirsdottir, Olga M. Lempke, Baoguo Li, Andreas M. Bapst, Ken Xie, Yonatan Katzenelenbogen, Sophie L. Dahl, Fadi Sheban, Anna Gurevich-Shapiro, Mor Zada, Truong San Phan, Roberto Avellino, Shuang-Yin Wang, Oren Barboy, Shir Shlomi-Loubaton, Sandra Winning, Philipp P. Markwerth, Snir Dekalo, Hadas Keren-Shaul, Merav Kedmi, Martin Sikora, Joachim Fandrey, Thorfinn S. Korneliussen, Josef T. Prchal, Barak Rosenzweig, Vladimir Yutkin, Fernando Racimo, Eske Willerslev, Chamutal Gur, Roland H. Wenger, Ido Amit
Summary: Single-cell RNA and transposase-accessible chromatin (ATAC) sequencing in a mouse model identified a rare cell subset called Norn cells in kidney stroma as the major source of endocrine Epo production in mice, and this finding was confirmed in human kidney tissues. These findings provide new insights into EPO gene regulation and may lead to improved therapies for anemia.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi, Nicole R. Bonetti, Ana Vukolic, Daria Vdovenko, Pratintip Lee, Luca Liberale, Cristina Basso, Stefania Rizzo, Alexander Akhmedov, Thomas F. Luscher, Giovanni G. Camici, Jurg H. Beer
Summary: This study investigated the preventive effects of long-term dietary alpha linolenic acid (ALA) on left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and vascular aging in aged mice. The results showed that long-term dietary ALA supplementation could alleviate age-related left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, impaired vasorelaxation, cardiac fibrosis, inflammation, and arterial stiffening, accompanied by reductions in fibrosis biomarkers expression. This study provides evidence for the efficacy of ALA in preventing age-related heart failure and vascular dysfunction.
VASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Florian A. Wenzl, Francesco Bruno, Simon Kraler, Roland Klingenberg, Alexander Akhmedov, Stefano Ministrini, Karine Santos, Konstantin Godly, Julia Godly, David Niederseer, Robert Manka, Andreas Bergmann, Giovanni G. Camici, Arnold von Eckardstein, Barbara Staehli, Olivier Muller, Marco Roffi, Lorenz Raeber, Thomas F. Luescher, SPUM ACS Investigators
Summary: This study identifies circulating DPP3 as a novel marker of cardiogenic shock (CS) and increased mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Persistently elevated cDPP3 levels at 12-24 h were associated with significantly higher 30-day and 1-year mortality risk. These findings are consistent across various patient subgroups.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Davide Stolfo, Lars H. Lund, Lina Benson, Felix Lindberg, Giulia Ferrannini, Ulf Dahlstrom, Gianfranco Sinagra, Giuseppe M. C. Rosano, Gianluigi Savarese
Summary: This study explored the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure and their association with patient characteristics. The use of SGLT2 inhibitors increased three-fold over 2 years. Male sex, recent HF hospitalization, specialized HF follow-up, lower ejection fraction, type 2 diabetes, higher education level, and use of other HF/cardiovascular interventions were associated with the use of SGLT2 inhibitors, while older age, higher blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, and anemia were associated with lower use. Rating: 7 out of 10.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alexandra S. Wueest, Priska Zuber, Michael Coslovsky, Nikki Rommers, Nicolas Rodondi, Baris Gencer, Giorgio Moschovitis, Maria Luisa De Perna, Juerg H. Beer, Tobias Reichlin, Philipp Krisai, Anne Springer, David Conen, Annina Stauber, Andreas S. Mueller, Rebecca E. Paladini, Michael Kuhne, Stefan Osswald, Andreas U. Monsch, Leo H. Bonati, Swiss AF Study Investigators
Summary: This study investigated the longitudinal changes in cognitive functions in patients with different types of atrial fibrillation (AF). It was found that non-paroxysmal AF patients had smaller increases in cognitive scores compared to paroxysmal AF patients. Risk factors such as diabetes, history of stroke/TIA, and depression were associated with worse cognitive performance. No differences in time to cognitive decline were observed between AF types.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Justine Deschamps, Damien Choffat, Andreas Limacher, Marc Righini, Juerg Hans Beer, Christine Baumgartner, Olivier Hugli, Drahomir Aujesky, Marie Mean
Summary: We evaluated the quality of life (QoL) in elderly patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and found that VTE complications had an impact on later QoL. Although QoL tended to improve over time, patients with VTE-related complications had lower QoL.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Meret Sarah Allemann, Pratintip Lee, Jurg H. Beer, Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi
Summary: Cardiovascular aging poses a significant challenge and requires innovative strategies to restore aging cardiovascular tissues. Targeting the redox machinery holds promise to optimize cardiovascular regenerative therapies by enhancing stem cell function and rejuvenating cardiovascular tissues.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Annina Stauber, Andreas Mueller, Nikki Rommers, Stefanie Aeschbacher, Nicolas Rodondi, Leo H. Bonati, Juerg H. Beer, Raban V. Jeger, David J. Kurz, Claudia Liedtke, Peter Ammann, Marcello Di Valentino, Patricia Chocano, Richard Kobza, Michael Kuhne, David Conen, Stefan Osswald, Alain M. Bernheim
Summary: This study found that chocolate consumption was not associated with vascular brain lesions and major adverse cardiac events in patients with atrial fibrillation. However, low chocolate consumption was associated with lower cognitive scores, higher risk of heart failure hospitalization, and increased all-cause mortality.
SWISS MEDICAL WEEKLY
(2023)