Design of a reduced-graphene-oxide composite electrode from an electropolymerizable graphene aqueous dispersion using a cyclodextrin-pyrrole monomer. Application to dopamine biosensing

A new cyclodextrin-modified pyrrole monomer (Py-CD) was synthesized and used both as an aqueous surfactant for the stabilization of aqueous reduced graphene oxide (RGO) dispersion and as an electropolymerizable unit to generate a RGO-polypyrrole composite electrode. This nanocomposite was used in combination with amphiphilic pyrrole derivative for the entrapment of tyrosinase, an enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of phenols and diphenols. Compared to glassy carbon electrodes, these nanostructured electrodes exhibit enhanced electroactive surface area and electrochemical properties and achieve higher performances towards catechol and dopamine biosensing. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.