期刊
MOLECULES
卷 22, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050734
关键词
Panax ginseng; Ro/Re ratio; Rg(1)/Re ratio; malonyl ginsenoside; cultivation age; harvest season; quality control
资金
- Educational Commission of Jilin Province of China [201448]
- China Scholarship Council [201408220068]
- Tang Foundation for the Research of Traditional Chinese Medicines
In this study, dynamic changes in ginsenoside content and ratios in the Panax ginseng root were investigated with different cultivation ages and different collection months, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Our data indicate that changes in ginsenoside Ro and malonyl ginsenosides content were dependent on the ginseng cultivation age (p < 0.05); especially, the Ro content varied from 0.16 to 4.91 mg/g, with a difference about 30-fold. Further, we found that the samples of 5 and 6-year-old P. ginseng had high Ro/Re ratio, whereas two and three-year-old P. ginseng possessed low Ro/Re ratio. Thus, the Ro/Re ratio can be used as a characteristic marker for differentiating the age of the root. The relative content of ginsenosides Rg(1) and Re were affected by the ginseng's harvest season. The Re content was higher than the Rg(1) content in May and June, but lower than the Rg(1) content from August to October. Thus, the Rg(1)/Re ratio can be used as a characteristic marker for differentiating the ginseng's harvest seasons. These results indicate that the chemical characteristics of P. ginseng at different cultivation ages and harvest seasons are clearly different, which may cause differences in pharmacological activities and therapeutic effects. In addition, we developed HPLC coupled with hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis methods to identify the cultivation age and harvest season of P. ginseng using characteristic ginsenosides. Our results showed that this method can be used to discriminate the cultivation age and harvest season of P. ginseng.
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