Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sabry M. Attia, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Ahmed Nadeem, Mohamed S. M. Attia, Mushtaq A. Ansari, Mohammed A. Al-Hamamah, Marwa H. Hussein, Alaa A. Alameen, Abdullah F. Alasmari, Saleh A. Bakheet
Summary: Environmental and genetic factors play significant roles in the pathogenesis of autism. This study focused on the susceptibility of BTBR mice, an autism model, to the genotoxic effects of methylmercury and observed DNA repair dysregulation. BTBR mice exposed to methylmercury exhibited increased micronuclei formation, oxidative DNA damage, elevated lipid peroxides, decreased glutathione ratio, and altered expression of DNA repair-related genes. The results suggest that methylmercury exposure exacerbates genotoxic susceptibility and disrupts antioxidant defense and DNA repair in autistic individuals. Regular medical follow-up and strategies to enhance cellular antioxidants and DNA repair efficiency are important for preventing mutagenic changes caused by methylmercury exposure in autism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed M. Alanazi, Mushtaq A. Ansari, Ahmed Nadeem, Sabry M. Attia, Saleh A. Bakheet, Haneen A. Al-Mazroua, Abdullah A. Aldossari, Mohammed M. Almutairi, Thamer H. Albekairi, Marwa H. Hussein, Mohammed A. Al-Hamamah, Sheikh F. Ahmad
Summary: This study found that cadmium exposure exacerbates self-grooming and marble-burying behaviors, decreases social interactions, and leads to immune abnormalities in an autism spectrum disorder animal model. Further investigation revealed potential molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. These findings have important implications for the etiology of autism spectrum disorders and provide further evidence of heavy metals contributing to neurodevelopmental disorders through proinflammatory effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lu Peng, Jing Liu, Erqun Song, Yang Song
Summary: This study evaluated the immunotoxic effects of PCB29-pQ, an active quinone-type metabolite of PCBs. The results showed that exposure to PCB29-pQ led to reduced body weight and increased organ index of the spleen and lungs in mice, along with changes in their morphology and structure. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in certain types of lymphocyte subsets in the spleen, indicating immune dysfunction. Furthermore, PCB29-pQ induced apoptosis and an imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines. These findings provide new insights into the immunotoxicity mechanism of PCBs.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenlin Deng, Fang Li, Haoran Ke, Siqi Wang, Zitong Li, Pinjing Lv, Ye Chen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the biological mechanisms linking diet-related obesity and autism-related behaviors by focusing on gut microbiota, serotonin (5-HT) levels, and autistic behaviors in an animal model for autism (BTBR mice). The results showed that a high-fat diet exacerbated autistic symptoms in BTBR mice, which could be alleviated by metformin. The composition of gut microbiota and serotonin levels were associated with autistic behaviors.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Norah A. Albekairi, Ahmed Nadeem, Mushtaq A. Ansari, Sabry M. Attia, Saleh A. Bakheet, Mohammed M. Alanazi, Abdullah S. Alhamed, Thamer H. Albekairi, Haneen A. Al-Mazroua, Khalid E. Ibrahim, Sheikh F. Ahmad
Summary: This study investigated the potential effects of the CXCR2 antagonist SB332235 on behavior deficits in BTBR mice, a model for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The results showed that SB332235 treatment significantly improved abnormal behaviors in BTBR mice and had an impact on the expression of immune factors and transcription factors in spleen and brain tissues. Therefore, this study suggests that CXCR2 antagonist administration may be a promising therapeutic approach for attenuating behavior deficits in ASD through its anti-inflammatory effect.
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed A. Assiri, Thamer H. Albekairi, Mushtaq A. Ansari, Ahmed Nadeem, Sabry M. Attia, Saleh A. Bakheet, Mudassar Shahid, Abdullah A. Aldossari, Mohammed M. Almutairi, Taghreed N. Almanaa, Mohammad Y. Alwetaid, Sheikh F. Ahmad
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, and zebrafish is an animal model for studying ASD. Lead (Pb) exposure exacerbates immunological dysfunctions associated with ASD and may increase the risk of ASD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Haneen A. Al-Mazroua, Ahmed Nadeem, Mushtaq A. Ansari, Sabry M. Attia, Thamer H. Albekairi, Saleh A. Bakheet, Abdulelah F. Alobaidi, Khaled Alhosaini, Saleh A. Alqarni, Khalid E. Ibrahim, Abdulaziz M. S. Alsaad, Sheikh F. Ahmad
Summary: This study found that exposure to MeHgCl worsens existing behavioral and immune abnormalities in BTBR mice, causing increased marble burying and self-grooming behaviors, decreased social interactions, and adverse effects on locomotor activity.
IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Hiroyuki Arakawa
Summary: This study investigates the social function of excessive grooming behavior in BTBR mice as a phenotype of restricted repetitive behaviors in the context of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The results show that BTBR mice exhibit increased self-grooming, especially when confronted with a social stimulus, compared to control mice. Acute systemic injection of buspirone facilitated social approach behavior in both control and BTBR mice, but significantly enhanced self-grooming in the BTBR mice.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Maciej Winiarski, Ludwika Kondrakiewicz, Kacper Kondrakiewicz, Joanna Jedrzejewska-Szmek, Krzysztof Turzynski, Ewelina Knapska, Ksenia Meyza
Summary: This study validates the BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J mouse as an ASD model and emphasizes the importance of ecological testing for social behavior.
GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Biology
Daniela Monje-Reyna, Jorge Manzo Denes, Fidel Santamaria
Summary: This study compares the expression of glutamate and endocannabinoid receptors in male and female mice exposed to environmental enrichment and finds that the effects of enrichment on receptor expression differ between sexes and receptors.
BMC RESEARCH NOTES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohammad M. Algahtani, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Layla A. Alkharashi, Naif O. Al-Harbi, Wael A. Alanazi, Abdullah S. Alhamed, Sabry M. Attia, Saleh A. Bakheet, Khalid E. Ibrahim, Ahmed Nadeem
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental condition characterized by behavioral patterns and impairments in social and vocalization abilities. Methylmercury, a toxic environmental pollutant, is a major source of organic mercury in humans. Exposure to methylmercury through the consumption of fish and shellfish increases the risk of developing ASD by disrupting the oxidant-antioxidant balance. This study evaluated the effect of juvenile exposure to methylmercury chloride on autism-like behavior and oxidant-antioxidant balance in adult mice. The results showed that exposure to methylmercury chloride during the juvenile stage resulted in autism-like symptoms and oxidative inflammation in adult mice, suggesting the importance of Nrf2 signaling pathway in countering the worsening of ASD.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
William Fyke, Juan Marcos Alarcon, Milen Velinov, Kathryn K. Chadman
Summary: Accumulating evidence indicates a relationship between dysfunction in the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Modulation of the ECS can impact behavioral phenotypes relevant to neurodevelopmental disorders by regulating the activation of eCBs at the CB1 receptor; inhibiting the eCB producing enzyme DGL-alpha or CB1 receptor can induce behavioral deficits associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Article
Immunology
Saeideh Gharekhani Digehsara, Niloofar Name, Nasrin Sartipnia, Elahe Karim, Saba Taheri, Maryam Tajabadi Ebrahimi, Javad Arasteh
Summary: The study found that the expression of inflammasome and CYP27B1 genes significantly decreased in the probiotic-treated group in the multiple sclerosis mouse model, and the levels of IFN-gamma and IL-4 also decreased significantly compared to the cuprizone group. This suggests that L. casei may be effective in the healing process of demyelinated mice by reducing inflammatory cytokines and inflammasome gene expression.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yu'e Ma, Lei He, Lijie Xiang, Jie Zhang, Jing Wang, Wenjing Zhu, Wenni Cao, Yichen Zhu, Man Gao, Fei Zhou, Zhiwei Liu
Summary: In the production of knockout (KO) mice through the microinjection of mES cells, using B6NTac as host embryos results in higher blastocyst yield, live birth rate, and chimerism percentage. The efficiency of germline transmission (GLT) is equivalent between B6NTac and B6 albino host embryos, indicating that B6NTac embryos require fewer injections to achieve the same GLT rate.
TRANSGENIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mohammad Y. Alwetaid, Taghreed N. Almanaa, Saleh A. Bakheet, Mushtaq A. Ansari, Ahmed Nadeem, Sabry M. Attia, Marwa H. Hussein, Sheikh F. Ahmad
Summary: This study investigated the impact of AFB(1) exposure on behavior and immune responses in BTBR mice. The results showed that AFB(1) exposure led to an exacerbation of behavioral abnormalities and an upregulation of immune-related factors. These findings underscore the significance of AFB(1) in the development of ASD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adel Ali Alhowyan, Mohd Abul Kalam, Muzaffar Iqbal, Mohammad Raish, Ahmed M. El-Toni, Musaed Alkholief, Aliyah A. Almomen, Aws Alshamsan
Summary: This study developed amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles (AMSN) and O-Carboxymethyl chitosan-coated AMSN (AMSN-CMC) for ocular delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). The optimal formulation of AMSN-CMC-FU showed improved corneal permeation and higher bioavailability compared to 5-FU gel. AMSN-CMC-FU gel was minimally irritating to rabbit eyes, suggesting its potential as a topical formulation for ocular cancer treatment.
Article
Immunology
Sheikh F. Ahmad, Ahmed Nadeem, Mushtaq A. Ansari, Saleh A. Bakheet, Hatun A. Alomar, Haneen A. Al-Mazroua, Khalid E. Ibrahim, Ali A. Alshamrani, Mohammed A. Al-Hamamah, Ali S. Alfardan, Sabry M. Attia
Summary: In this study, the CXCR3-specific antagonist NBI-74330 was used to inhibit T-cell-mediated signaling in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The results showed that NBI-74330 treatment significantly reduced arthritis symptoms and histopathological changes. Additionally, NBI-74330 treatment downregulated the percentages and gene expression levels of Th1, Th17, and Th22 cells. These findings suggest that NBI-74330 has potential as a treatment for RA.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad M. Algahtani, Samiyah Alshehri, Sana S. Alqarni, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Naif O. Al-Harbi, Saleh A. Alqarni, Ali S. Alfardan, Khalid E. Ibrahim, Sabry M. Attia, Ahmed Nadeem
Summary: Sepsis, a severe medical condition, is associated with multiorgan dysfunction and mental disorders including depression. IL-17A, secreted by Th17 cells, is linked to depression and anxiety. In this study, the effectiveness of an ITK inhibitor in reducing sepsis-induced neuroinflammation and depression-like symptoms in mice was investigated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed M. Alanazi, Mushtaq A. Ansari, Ahmed Nadeem, Sabry M. Attia, Saleh A. Bakheet, Haneen A. Al-Mazroua, Abdullah A. Aldossari, Mohammed M. Almutairi, Thamer H. Albekairi, Marwa H. Hussein, Mohammed A. Al-Hamamah, Sheikh F. Ahmad
Summary: This study found that cadmium exposure exacerbates self-grooming and marble-burying behaviors, decreases social interactions, and leads to immune abnormalities in an autism spectrum disorder animal model. Further investigation revealed potential molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. These findings have important implications for the etiology of autism spectrum disorders and provide further evidence of heavy metals contributing to neurodevelopmental disorders through proinflammatory effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Musaed Alkholief, Mohd Abul Kalam, Abdullah K. Alshememry, Raisuddin Ali, Sulaiman S. Alhudaithi, Nasser B. Alsaleh, Mohammad Raish, Aws Alshamsan
Summary: Linezolid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were developed for the topical treatment of bacterial eye infections. The nanoparticles showed sustained drug release and enhanced antibacterial activity compared to the free drug.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samiyah Alshehri, Ahmed Nadeem, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Sana S. Alqarni, Naif O. Al-Harbi, Laila Y. Al-Ayadhi, Sabry M. Attia, Saleh A. Alqarni, Saleh A. Bakheet
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a childhood neuropsychiatric disorder that affects social skill and language development. This study explores the dysregulation of the redox couple TrxR1/Trx1 in T cells of ASD subjects, which is associated with decreased Bcl2 expression and increased apoptosis. The findings suggest that T cells in ASD subjects may have decreased survival during chronic inflammation. Future studies should investigate environmental factors that may contribute to abnormal immune responses in ASD subjects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ali A. Alshamrani, Samiyah Alshehri, Sana S. Alqarni, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Hanan Alghibiwi, Naif O. Al-Harbi, Saleh A. Alqarni, Laila Y. Al-Ayadhi, Sabry M. Attia, Ali S. Alfardan, Saleh A. Bakheet, Ahmed Nadeem
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex disorder involving environmental, immune, and genetic factors. This study investigated the role of DNA methylation and the expression of DNMT1 in neutrophils of children with ASD. The study found that ASD subjects had reduced DNMT1 expression, DNA hypomethylation, and increased inflammatory mediators. The environmental pollutant DEHP further downregulated DNMT1 expression, highlighting its impact on epigenetic machinery in neutrophils of ASD subjects.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mushtaq A. Ansari, Ahmed Nadeem, Sabry M. Attia, Saleh A. Bakheet, Abdullah F. Alasmari, Hatun A. Alomar, Haneen A. Al-Mazroua, Abdullah S. Alhamed, Mudassar Shahid, Mohammed Alqinyah, Mohammed A. Assiri, Mohammed A. Al-Hamamah, Yasseen A. Alassmrry, Sheikh F. Ahmad
Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation and damage. B cells play a crucial role in the development of arthritis and can be targeted for treatment. Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody, has shown long-term clinical responses in RA. This study investigates the effect of rituximab on RA severity using a mouse model.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Musaed Alkholief, Mohd Abul Kalam, Mohammad Raish, Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari, Nasser B. Alsaleh, Aliyah Almomen, Raisuddin Ali, Aws Alshamsan
Summary: In this study, the utility of hyaluronic acid-coated dexamethasone-chitosan nanoparticles as a sustained ocular delivery vehicle for treating endotoxin-induced uveitis in rabbits was evaluated. The results showed that the nanoparticles had stable physicochemical properties and demonstrated improved drug release, permeability, and pharmacodynamics compared to the aqueous solution of dexamethasone.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ajinkya Nitin Nikam, Angela Jacob, Ruchira Raychaudhuri, Gasper Fernandes, Abhijeet Pandey, Vinay Rao, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Ananth S. Pannala, Srinivas Mutalik
Summary: The study developed 5-FU microemulsions (MEs) using continuous manufacturing technology and evaluated their effectiveness in treating skin cancer. The optimized formulation exhibited sustained drug release and skin permeation, indicating its promising pharmacodynamic effects in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treatment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Outi Sudhan, Parthiban Janakiraman, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Abubakar Wani, Shiek S. S. J. Ahmed
Summary: This study identifies a potential target for coronary artery disease through protein network analysis and evaluates the effects of compounds from Piper betle. It finds that piperbetol shows promising binding with the target protein and further investigations are needed for pharmaceutical translation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
K. Pavani, D. S. N. B. K. Prasanth, Murthy K. R. Shadakshara, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Ramanjaneyulu Seemaladinne, Mithun Rudrapal, Praveen Kumar Pasala
Summary: The study evaluated the inhibitory effects of Citronellal (CTN) on Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) using computational chemistry approaches. The results suggested that CTN may serve as a potential antioxidant and neuroprotective supplement.
Article
Neurosciences
Mohammad Y. Alwetaid, Taghreed N. Almanaa, Saleh A. Bakheet, Mushtaq A. Ansari, Ahmed Nadeem, Sabry M. Attia, Marwa H. Hussein, Sheikh F. Ahmad
Summary: This study investigated the impact of AFB(1) exposure on behavior and immune responses in BTBR mice. The results showed that AFB(1) exposure led to an exacerbation of behavioral abnormalities and an upregulation of immune-related factors. These findings underscore the significance of AFB(1) in the development of ASD.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ashish Goel, Arsalan Moinuddin, Rajesh Tiwari, Yashendra Sethi, Mohammed K. Suhail, Aditi Mohan, Nirja Kaka, Parth Sarthi, Ravi Dutt, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Sabry M. Attia, Talha Bin Emran, Hitesh Chopra, Nigel H. Greig
Summary: Smartphone use has been found to have a significant impact on sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep disturbances among undergraduate medical students. The study also highlights the importance of public health policymakers considering this evidence when developing guidelines around smartphone use to promote better sleep behavior and reduce sleep-wake rhythm disorders.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dsnbk Prasanth, Lingareddygari Siva Sanker Reddy, Tharani Dasari, Pamula Reddy Bhavanam, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Rahul Nalluri, Praveen Kumar Pasala
Summary: This study explored the protective effects of the methanolic extract of Hedyotis aspera against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The study analyzed the phytocontents of the extract and identified potential compounds with TNF-alpha inhibiting properties. The extract showed strong antioxidant activity and effectively protected the kidneys from toxic damage.