Article
Environmental Sciences
Chong Liu, Carmen Messerlian, Ying-Jun Chen, Vicente Mustieles, Li-Li Huang, Yang Sun, Yan-Ling Deng, Ying-Hui Cheng, Jing Liu, A-Mei Liu, Wen-Qing Lu, Yi-Xin Wang
Summary: The study revealed that exposure to high levels of disinfection by-products during specific trimesters of pregnancy can lead to impaired neonatal neurodevelopment, especially in male infants and mothers aged 25 or older. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongyan Zhai, Jun Zhao, Rumeng Wang, Yuwei Yan, Shanshan Yu, Yingxin Zhao
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the decomposition characteristics and transformation potential of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6-DCBQ) as an intermediate disinfection byproduct (DBP) in water. The results showed that the decomposition of 2,6-DCBQ followed first-order kinetics, and no THMs and HAAs were generated during hydrolysis. However, during chlorination, 2,6-DCBQ rapidly decayed and formed THMs and HAAs.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Muammar Qadafi, Raden Tina Rosmalina, Diana Rahayuning Widyarani, Diana Rahayuning Wulan
Summary: This study investigated the formation of toxic chlorination disinfection by-products (DBPs), specifically trihalomethanes-4 (THM4) and haloacetic acids-5 (HAA5), during the water disinfection process using chlorine in the presence of nonylphenol (NP). The results showed that the increase of chlorine dose, bromide concentration, chlorine contact time, and pH all enhanced the formation of DBPs.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eunate Abilleira, Fernando Goni-Irigoyen, Juan J. Aurrekoetxea, Maria A. Cortes, Mikel Ayerdi, Jesus Ibarluzea
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine and analyze the concentration of different disinfection by-products (DBPs) in public swimming pools in Gipuzkoa, Spain. The most abundant DBPs were haloacetic acids and trihalomethanes, with chlorinated or brominated forms predominating depending on the disinfection method used. The levels of DBPs were generally below the limits set by the European Chemical Agency, although some maximum values exceeded them. The concentrations of DBPs were higher in outdoor pools and recreational pools compared to indoor and sports pools, respectively.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Pin Wang, Shunke Ding, Rong Xiao, Guangyu An, Chao Fang, Wenhai Chu
Summary: This article introduces the properties of DBP precursors and the control of DBP formation through enhanced coagulation. Metal-based coagulants can reduce the formation of DBP to some extent, while organic polymers and hybrid coagulants have the potential to mitigate DBP formation. In addition, integrated treatment methods are also evaluated for their efficiency in enhancing DBP precursor removal.
ADVANCES IN COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akrivi Sdougkou, Kyriaki Kapsalaki, Argyri Kozari, Ioanna Pantelaki, Dimitra Voutsa
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence of disinfection by-products in different swimming pools and found great variability in concentrations among pools, with haloacetic acids exhibiting the highest levels. Inhalation was the dominant exposure route for THMs and TCNM, while ingestion and dermal absorption were the main routes for HAAs. Risk management strategies are needed to minimize DBPs exposure without compromising disinfection efficiency.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kowsalya Vellingiri, P. Ganesh Kumar, P. Senthil Kumar, S. Jagannathan, S. Kanmani
Summary: Due to limited access to safe drinking water, India faces a high incidence of waterborne disease outbreaks. Efforts are being made to improve the quality of drinking water, with a focus on disinfection to control microbial populations. However, in India, research on the toxicity and trends of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) is still in its early stages.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matteo Feltracco, Elena Barbaro, Gianni Formenton, Giovanna Mazzi, Sveva Striuli, Carlo Bragato, Rossano Piazza, Carlo Barbante, Andrea Gambaro
Summary: This study analyzed aerosol samples from the Venice area and found 14 HAAs, including iodinated HAAs. The research provides initial insights into the sources of HAAs in the region. By improving detection methods, the study employed a highly sensitive technique to measure HAAs. The major sources of HAAs were identified as atmospheric oxidation reactions from sea spray and a nearby swimming pool.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pamela Rose Samonte, Zhao Li, Jingdong Mao, Brian P. Chaplin, Wenqing Xu
Summary: This study revealed the importance of abiotic HAA degradation in the presence of PCM during water treatment. PCM significantly accelerated the transformation of HAAs into THMs, and the presence of oxygenated functional groups on PCM played a catalytic role. These findings have significant implications for DBP mitigation in water quality control.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Emilie Helte, Melle Save-Soderbergh, Henrik Ugge, Katja Fall, Agneta Akesson, Susanna C. Larsson
Summary: This study assessed the association between chlorination by-products (THM) in drinking water and the risk of bladder cancer using data from two population-based cohort studies. The results suggest that exposure to chlorination by-products at THM concentrations representative of chlorinated drinking waters in most European countries is not associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Liling Zhou, Renjie Ma, Chenghe Yan, Jinmeng Wu, Ying Zhang, Jian Zhou, Guangzho Qu, Xiaoling He, Tiecheng Wang
Summary: The leaching behaviors of organic matter from different types of microplastics were investigated under plasma treatment, and it was found that the released organic matter may serve as precursors for the generation of disinfection by-products (DBPs).
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
R. Alvarez-Arroyo, J. Perez, L. M. Ruiz, M. A. Gomez
Summary: One of the main drawbacks of ultrafiltration membranes is their limited capacity to remove organic matter, which can lead to the development of biofilm and deterioration of water quality. This study evaluated the water quality evolution in a experimental drinking water distribution system (DWDS) fed with water treated by spiral-wound-polyvinylidenefluoride UF membranes. The findings showed that ozonation treatment caused a higher increase in the formation of trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids, leading to poorer water quality and raising doubts about the potability of the water in DWDS.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Karlien Dejaeger, Justine Criquet, Marjolein Vanoppen, Cecile Vignal, Gabriel Billon, Emile R. Cornelissen
Summary: During the disinfection of drinking water, harmful disinfection by-products are produced when natural organic matter reacts with chlorine. Scientists have used fractionation methods to study the reaction process of organic matter. The research found that hydrophilic compounds have higher reactivity towards emerging disinfection by-products. Chlorination time and dose do not affect the reactivity ratio between different fractions.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jinxiu Lou, Wei Wang, Lizhong Zhu
Summary: Halobenzoquinones (HBQs) are frequently detected in water treatment systems and household tap water in China, and can be transformed into haloacetic acids (HAAs) through solar/chlorine processes. The degradation of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6DCBQ) is mainly influenced by chlorine reactive species, with stability in the presence of chloride but decreased degradation rate in the presence of natural organic matter (NOM).
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
John A. Kaufman, J. Michael Wright, Amanda Evans, Zorimar Rivera-Nunez, Amy Meyer, David A. Reckhow, Michael G. Narotsky
Summary: The study examined the risks of obstructive genitourinary birth defects (OGDs) in relation to different disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The results showed elevated odds ratios for OGDs associated with specific DBPs and DBP mixtures. The study also highlighted the importance of considering potency factors in assessing the risks of DBPs.
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)