Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Maolin Yang, Peitao Zhao, Xin Cui, Fan Geng, Qingjie Guo
Summary: This research investigated the real-time chlorine transformation characteristics and release kinetics during the hydrothermal dechlorination (HTD) of PVC, providing insights into the factors influencing chlorine removal efficiency. The study also proposed powerful solutions for removing chlorine effectively from chlorinated organic wastes.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lingyu Tai, Sogand Musivand, Benedetta de Caprariis, Martina Damizia, Roya Hamidi, Wenchao Ma, Paolo De Filippis
Summary: Plastic nylon 66, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were treated in subcritical water to produce valuable liquid chemicals and clean solid fuels. Co-treatment of PVC and the other two plastics showed a synergistic effect. Nylon 66 and EVA required higher temperatures for complete hydrolysis, while PVC dechlorination was achieved at a relatively low temperature. The hydrochloric acid released from PVC acted as a catalyst, significantly accelerating the hydrolysis of nylon 66 and EVA.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fu-Rong Xiu, Ruiqi Yang, Yingying Qi, Ke Zhou, Jiali Wang, Wenting Shao, Haipeng Zhou, Longsheng Zhan
Summary: A high-efficiency and low-temperature subcritical water treatment for dechlorination of PVC using waste concrete as an enhancer was proposed in this study. The dechlorination efficiency of PVC could be enhanced to as high as 95.04% by introducing waste concrete. This method not only effectively treats PVC waste and reduces environmental risks, but also achieves the resource utilization of waste concrete.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Douglas Hungwe, Satomi Hosokawa, Hao Xu, Yuki Yamasaki
Summary: The role of NaOH in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) dehydrochlorination was studied, and its influence on the physicochemical evolution and reaction kinetics of PVC was examined. NaOH effectively prevented particle agglomeration and autocatalysis, leading to a significant reduction in particle size. The apparent activation energy was reduced due to the pronounced autocatalysis in 2 M NaOH.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sijia Liang, Shuxia Xu, Chao Wang, Jingyi Ling, Zeyu Xian, Hao Wu, Haoting Tian, Shaoda Zhou, Cheng Gu
Summary: In this study, a new photo-irradiated reductive dechlorination pathway for poly(vinyl chloride) microplastics (PVC-MPs) was described, with the presence of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) facilitating the reaction. The neutral IAA/CTAB complex enhanced the adsorption of IAA on PVC powders, leading to the release of chloride ions through a proposed dechlorination mechanism involving C-Cl bond cleavage and polyene formation. The enhanced sorption of aromatic chemicals on PVC-MP powders irradiated in the presence of IAA/CTAB was attributed to hydrophobic effects and pi-pi interactions between aromatic rings and polyene structures.
Review
Polymer Science
Krzysztof Lewandowski, Katarzyna Skorczewska
Summary: This article provides a literature review on the recycling of PVC, including mechanical recycling and feedstock recycling methods. It also introduces the characteristics of PVC and its potential in the circular economy.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mengxue Ling, Dachao Ma, Xuan Hu, Zheng Liu, Dongbo Wang, Qingge Feng
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the hydrothermal dechlorination of PVC plastics, including reactors, process variables, fundamentals, applications, and challenges. Catalytic hydrothermal and co-hydrothermal reactions are found to optimize the dechlorination process. The hydrochar derived from PVC plastics has potential as a low-chlorine solid fuel and adsorbent or energy storage materials. Future studies should focus on waste liquid treatment, energy and economic balance, reducing reaction conditions, and expanding product applications to promote the implementation of hydrothermal treatment of PVC plastic wastes.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yang Yu, Bingxing Zhu, Yindi Ding, Panpan Li, Shifu Ge
Summary: This study proposes co-hydrothermal carbonization of food waste digestate and PVC, and evaluates the effects of hydrothermal temperature and holding time on PVC's dechlorination performance and the products' fuel characteristics. The results show that co-HTC has a synergistic effect on the dechlorination of digestates and PVC, with the highest dechlorination efficiency of 91.58%.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Carlos M. R. Abreu, Talita C. Rezende, Armenio C. Serra, Ana C. Fonseca, Rebecca Braslau, Jorge F. J. Coelho
Summary: A new strategy of internal plasticization of PVC was achieved by copolymerization of VC with n-BA and OEOA. The effect of solvent, initiator, polymerization temperature, and VC/n-BA/OEOA ratios on Tg of the resulting copolymers was investigated. The internally plasticized PVC copolymers showed lower Tg values than predicted, indicating effective plasticization of PVC. Under optimized conditions, different degrees of internal plasticization could be achieved by varying the initial monomer ratio. Importantly, the plasticizing moieties were covalently bonded to the polymer, resulting in no migration during extraction.
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Fawzi H. Jabrail, Hiba M. Awad, Abdulsalam A. Matlob
Summary: The wet treatment process for dechlorination of PVC landfill waste plastic is dependent on the concentration of alkali, with 1M NaOH/TEG alkaline solution at 160 degrees C for 3 hours showing the best results. The process is affected by the temperature, time of solution reflux, type of organic solvent, and concentration of the alkaline solution. The dechlorination process results in the reclamation of poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA as the main product.
POLYMERS & POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Jolanta Tomaszewska, Tomasz Sterzynski, Damian Walczak
Summary: The study investigated the thermal stability of PVC with 1 wt % of spherical porous nanosilica prepared by roll milling at various processing times. The addition of porous nanosilica was found to improve thermal stability by absorbing HCl gas produced during dehydrochlorination reaction, resulting in minor color changes and lower evolution of hydrogen chloride gas. The results showed that TGA measurements were not sensitive enough to detect PVC degradation at processing conditions below 220 degrees C.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dachao Ma, Liwu Liang, Erfeng Hu, Huaquan Chen, Dongbo Wang, Chao He, Qingge Feng
Summary: A less energy-intensive hydrothermal dechlorination condition with cupric ion (Cu2+) was proposed in this study, which accelerated PVC decomposition and dechlorination. Increasing Cu2+ concentration significantly improved dechlorination efficiency, and dechlorination reaction was influenced by residence time.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Carmen Mijangos, Itxaso Calafel, Antxon Santamaria
Summary: Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is a widely used commodity polymer that is continuously evolving. It has recently been demonstrated that PVC is suitable for extrusion-based 3D printing, allowing the production of tailored flexible and ductile PVC objects. This article describes the important characteristics of PVC, including production and applications, as well as its drawbacks of thermal degradation and plasticizer exudation. The article also discusses recent efforts and advances in overcoming these limitations and developing new applications through modification reactions and the use of PVC formulations in additive manufacturing.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Elvis Lopes Brito, Bertrand Willocq, Frederic Boschet, Nicholas Ballard
Summary: Although PVC is usually produced industrially by emulsion and suspension polymerization, it is rarely used directly as an aqueous polymer dispersion. However, this study shows that it is possible to produce high PVC content latexes with suitable particle morphology and size distribution for direct film formation. Hybrid PVC/acrylic latexes with a core-shell structure are produced by semi-batch emulsion polymerization using a preformed PVC latex as a seed. By using a bimodal particle size distribution, the packing efficiency of the PVC domains is increased, enabling film formation at room temperature with high PVC content.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nancy G. Bush, Mikiyas K. Assefa, Selin Bac, Shaama Mallikarjun Sharada, Megan E. Fieser
Summary: In the presence of (xantphos)RhCl catalyst, reaction of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with triethyl silane in THF leads to partial reduction of PVC via hydrodechlorination. Increasing catalyst loading or using N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) as a solvent decreases the selectivity for hydrodechlorination. Reaction of PVC with sodium formate in THF affords excellent selectivity for hydrodechlorination along with complete PVC dechlorination, while higher catalyst loadings are required. In contrast, reaction of PVC with NaH in DMA exhibits good selectivity for dehydrochlorination and higher reaction rates.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tian Li, Peitao Zhao, Meng Lei, Zhaozhi Li
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yingjuan Shao, Zhaozhi Li, Wenqi Zhong, Zhoufeng Bian, Aibing Yu
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2020)
Review
Thermodynamics
Zhaozhi Li, Xuejiao Liu, Yingjuan Shao, Wenqi Zhong
JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
N. Huang, P. T. Zhao, Z. Z. Li, T. Li
2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NEW ENERGY AND FUTURE ENERGY SYSTEM (NEFES 2016)
(2016)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lars odegaard Bentsen, Narada Dilp Warakagoda, Roy Stenbro, Paal Engelstad
Summary: This study investigates uncertainty modeling in wind power forecasting using different parametric and non-parametric methods. Johnson's SU distribution is found to outperform Gaussian distributions in predicting wind power. This research contributes to the literature by introducing Johnson's SU distribution as a candidate for probabilistic wind forecasting.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xing Liu, Qiuchen Wang, Yunhao Wen, Long Li, Xinfang Zhang, Yi Wang
Summary: This study analyzes the characteristics of process parameters in three lean gas ethane recovery processes and establishes a prediction and multiobjective optimization model for ethane recovery and system energy consumption. A new method for comparing ethane recovery processes for lean gas is proposed, and the addition of extra coolers improves the ethane recovery. The support vector regression model based on grey wolf optimization demonstrates the highest prediction accuracy, and the multiobjective multiverse optimization algorithm shows the best optimization performance and diversity in the solutions.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cairong Song, Haidong Yang, Xian-Bing Meng, Pan Yang, Jianyang Cai, Hao Bao, Kangkang Xu
Summary: The paper proposes a novel deep learning-based prediction framework, aTCN-LSTM, for accurate cooling load predictions. The framework utilizes a gate-controlled multi-head temporal convolutional network and a sparse probabilistic self-attention mechanism with a bidirectional long short-term memory network to capture both temporal and long-term dependencies in the cooling load sequences. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method, which can serve as an effective guide for HVAC chiller scheduling and demand management initiatives.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhe Chen, Xiaojing Li, Xianli Xia, Jizhou Zhang
Summary: This study uses survey data from the Loess Plateau in China to evaluate the impact of social interaction on the adoption of soil and water conservation (SWC) technology by farmers. The study finds that social interaction increases the likelihood of farmers adopting SWC, and internet use moderates this effect. The positive impact of social interaction on SWC adoption is more pronounced for farmers in larger villages and those who join cooperative societies.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chenghua Zhang, Yunfei Yan, Kaiming Shen, Zongguo Xue, Jingxiang You, Yonghong Wu, Ziqiang He
Summary: This paper reports a novel method that significantly improves combustion performance, including heat transfer enhancement under steady-state conditions and adaptive stable flame regulation under velocity sudden increase.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2024)