Review
Virology
Janine Zeng, Di Cao, Shaomin Yang, Dabbu Kumar Jaijyan, Xiaolian Liu, Songbin Wu, Ruth Cruz-Cosme, Qiyi Tang, Hua Zhu
Summary: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread pathogen with a large genome that encodes various types of RNAs. These RNAs play important roles in viral processes, immune modulation, and host cell effects. This review provides an overview of HCMV and current research on its transcriptome during lytic and latent infection.
Article
Oncology
Sofie Eline Tollefsen, Anders H. Jarmund, Borgny Ytterhus, Oyvind Salvesen, Patricia Mjones, Sverre Helge Torp
Summary: The study demonstrates the diagnostic value of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) in meningiomas, particularly for differentiation between WHO grade 1 and 2 tumors, with SSTR2 being the most reliable marker. Although SSTRs show limited prognostic value, digital scoring is valuable for reproducibility.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Megh M. Trivedi, Arbaz A. Momin, Jianning Shao, Pranay Soni, Joao Paulo Almeida, Jonathan Lee, Pablo F. Recinos, Varun R. Kshettry
Summary: In this study, we found that preoperative FLAIR hyperintensity, severe PTBE, and higher nADC values correlated with SM pathology, while larger size and cystic component were associated with G2M. Accurate identification of SM on preoperative imaging may provide surgeons useful information in decision-making.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weicheng Zheng, Ruolan Zhang, Ziru Huang, Jianpeng Li, Haonan Wu, Yuwei Zhou, Jinwei Zhu, Xianlong Wang
Summary: A molecular signature based on gene pairs with stable relative expression orderings (REOs) has been developed to stratify low-grade gliomas (LGGs) into high-risk and low-risk groups, identifying high-risk patients who may require more intensive treatment.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Benjamin D. Gastfriend, Koji L. Foreman, Moriah E. Katt, Sean P. Palecek, Eric Shusta
Summary: This study utilized multiple independent human brain single-cell RNA sequencing datasets to construct a transcriptomic database of human brain mural cells, with key findings validated by RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization. The research contributes to improving knowledge about the molecular constituents of human brain mural cells, serves as a resource for generating hypotheses about their function, and will facilitate comparative evaluation of animal and in vitro models.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasia N. Vaganova, Ramilya Z. Murtazina, Taisiia S. Shemyakova, Andrey D. Prjibelski, Nataliia Katolikova, Raul R. Gainetdinov
Summary: TAAR5 receptors not only participate in odor perception but also express in brain structures, potentially related to emotional behaviors and pathogenesis of brain disorders. Research has found ubiquitous low expression of TAAR5 in various brain regions and altered expression in diseases such as Down syndrome and depression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alejandra Rodriguez-Ortiz, Julio Montoya-Villegas, Felipe Garcia-Vallejo, Yecid Mina-Paz
Summary: This study analyzed and compared the disruption of the transcriptome in multiple brain areas of individuals with DS and controls. The results showed differences in gene expression not only in chromosome 21 but also in other chromosomes. Furthermore, there were variations in gene expression correlation between different age ranges. The hippocampus and cerebellar cortex exhibited the most distinct gene expression patterns compared to the whole brain.
Article
Entomology
Yi Li, Xin Wang, Haonan Dong, Qingyou Xia, Ping Zhao
Summary: A comprehensive transcriptome analysis on silkworms was conducted to investigate the influence of starvation on animal brains. Significant changes were found in pathways related to tissue structure, hormone metabolism, longevity, nucleic acid metabolism, immune response, and disease in the silkworm brain after a period of starvation. Starvation imposes significant stress on animal survival and development, resulting in organ damage within the organism. The brain, as one of the most vital organs in animals, plays a crucial role in coordinating the physiological functions of other organs.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pascal Thomann, Levin Hani, Sonja Vulcu, Alessa Schutz, Maximilian Frosch, Christopher Marvin Jesse, Marwan El-Koussy, Nicole Soll, Arsany Hakim, Andreas Raabe, Philippe Schucht
Summary: The management of asymptomatic intracranial meningiomas is controversial. This study aimed to assess growth predictors and develop clinical pathways for their management. The presence of calcifications and iso-/hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging can stratify meningiomas as low, intermediate, or high risk, allowing for longer follow-up intervals for low and intermediate-risk tumors.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tomas Rodrigues Magalhaes, Jerome Benoit, Slavomira Necova, Susan North, Felisbina Luisa Queiroga
Summary: The study characterizes a group of dogs with meningioma or glioma treated with radiation therapy and finds that radiation therapy is effective in treating both conditions, with no significant difference in survival time between definitive and palliative protocols.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuting Yang, Fei Hu, Song Wu, Zhangliang Huang, Kun Wei, Yuan Ma, Qing Ou-Yang
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed peripheral blood parameters in patients with central nervous system tumors and trigeminal neuralgia, and found that NLR, PIV, and their combinations have high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of brain tumors, especially gliomas. These findings provide evidence for the use of these convenient and reliable peripheral blood markers.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lisa Kurmann, Michal Okoniewski, Raghvendra K. Dubey
Summary: ECs influence the function of PCs in various aspects, including PC maturation, cell survival, anti-viral defense, blood flow regulation, immuno-modulation, and ECM deposition. Through direct contact, ECs prime PCs to induce molecules that promote BBB integrity and cell survival during infection and inflammatory insult. The interaction with ECs through porous membranes induces major changes in the transcriptomic and proteomic profile of PCs.
Article
Oncology
Aneta Bragiel-Pieczonka, Gabriela Lipka, Angelika Stapinska-Syniec, Michal Czyzewski, Katarzyna Zybura-Broda, Michal Sobstyl, Marcin Rylski, Marta Grabiec
Summary: Gliomas, the most common malignant brain tumors, are controlled by various epigenetic mechanisms. This study found that the expression of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) decreases across glioma grades and shows unusual heterogeneity in glioblastoma (GBM). Further analysis revealed that the levels of TET proteins may influence the abundance of 5-hmC in GBM. Additionally, the study suggests that aberrant DNA hydroxymethylation in blood samples may serve as early tumor-related biomarkers for glioma patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Satoshi Nakasu, Akifumi Notsu, Yoko Nakasu
Summary: The prevalence of incidentally detected brain tumors, specifically meningiomas, increases with age, with a significant increase in elderly individuals and women. However, the prevalence of incidental gliomas remains much lower and does not show a significant relationship with age.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2021)
Article
Virology
Afsar Rahbar, Mattia Russel Pantalone, Piotr Religa, Angelique Floter Radestad, Cecilia Soderberg-Naucler
Summary: Patients with BOTs show high expression levels of HCMV and 5LO proteins, with significantly elevated levels of HCMV-IgG in their blood. Further investigation is needed to determine if HCMV can induce inflammation and affect the pathogenesis of BOTs.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Michael J. Strong, Julianne Santarosa, Timothy P. Sullivan, Noojan Kazemi, Jacob R. Joseph, Osama N. Kashlan, Mark E. Oppenlander, Nicholas J. Szerlip, Paul Park, Clay M. Elswick
Summary: This review assesses and describes thoracic spine localization techniques. The study found that while there are multiple methods available for accurately localizing lesions in the thoracic spine, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. The choice of localization technique ultimately depends on the specific patient and the preference of the spine surgeon.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ali Boolani, Karyn M. Gallivan, Kristin S. Ondrak, Courtney J. Christopher, Hector F. Castro, Shawn R. Campagna, Christopher M. Taylor, Meng Luo, Scot E. Dowd, Matthew Lee Smith, Lauri O. Byerley
Summary: Recent research suggests that traits of energy and fatigue are two distinct moods with unique mental and physical components. A study investigated the correlation between mental and physical energy and fatigue and gut microbiome. The results show that certain bacteria, such as Anaerostipes, are associated with mental energy while processed meat consumption is associated with all moods. The findings suggest that energy and fatigue traits can be defined by specific bacterial communities and are not solely driven by diet. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lauri O. Byerley, Karyn M. Gallivan, Courtney J. Christopher, Christopher M. Taylor, Meng Luo, Scot E. Dowd, Gregory M. Davis, Hector F. Castro, Shawn R. Campagna, Kristin S. Ondrak
Summary: This study compared the gut microbiome and metabolome of muscle builders who consumed protein supplements or not. The results showed that protein supplement users consumed more protein and had a different gut microbiome. Protein supplement intake impacted nitrogen metabolism, especially nucleotide degradation.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Whitney E. Muhlestein, Sravanthi Koduri, Yamaan S. Saadeh, Michael J. Strong, Timothy J. Yee, Paul Park
OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Sravanthi Koduri, Yamaan S. Saadeh, Michael J. Strong, Whitney E. Muhlestein, Mark E. Oppenlander
OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Michael J. Strong, Sravanthi Koduri, Whitney E. Muhlestein, Yamaan S. Saadeh, Paul Park
OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Whitney E. Muhlestein, Michael J. Strong, Timothy J. Yee, Yamaan S. Saadeh, Paul Park
OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Moustafa Hadi, Yamaan S. Saadeh, Michael J. Strong, Zoey Chopra, Osama N. Kashlan, Paul Park
OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Yamaan S. Saadeh, Michael J. Strong, Whitney E. Muhlestein, Sravanthi Koduri, Paul Park
OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Whitney E. Muhlestein, Yamaan S. Saadeh, Michael J. Strong, Sravanthi Koduri, Timothy J. Yee, Paul Park
OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aqila A. Ahmed, Michael J. Strong, Xiaofeng Zhou, Tyler Robinson, Sabrina Rocco, Geoffrey W. Siegel, Gregory A. Clines, Bethany B. Moore, Evan T. Keller, Nicholas J. Szerlip
Summary: Approximately 400,000 people in the U.S. have bone metastases, mostly occurring in the spine. The preference for cancer to metastasize to the bone is seen across various types of cancer, with prostate, breast, and lung cancer having the highest incidence. Immune cells play a significant role in tumor growth and progression in bone disease, and studying the immune landscape differences between axial and appendicular bones in a noncancerous setting could provide insights into the distribution and growth of bone metastases.
Article
Biology
Callie E. Scull, Meng Luo, Scott Jennings, Christopher M. Taylor, Guoshun Wang
Summary: The function of the cftr gene in epithelial and immune cells affects gut microbiome in mice differently, with immune defect playing a major role in dysbiosis in the small intestine and epithelial defect largely influencing dysbiosis in the large intestine.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael J. Strong
Summary: As the world continues to battle the COVID-19 pandemic, there is growing evidence suggesting that the long-term neurological sequelae of the viral infection will be significant and enduring. This pandemic is unique due to its impact on an aging population, putting survivors at increased risk of developing neurodegenerative conditions. The SARS-CoV-2 virus itself, as well as its key proteins, have been implicated in potential neurodegenerative processes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hannah B. B. Gafen, Chin-Chi Liu, Nikole E. E. Ineck, Clare M. M. Scully, Melanie A. A. Mironovich, Lauren Guarneri, Christopher M. M. Taylor, Meng Luo, Marina L. L. Leis, Erin M. M. Scott, Renee T. T. Carter, Andrew C. C. Lewin
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the ocular surface microbiome of cattle with and without ocular squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. Significant differences in quantitative and relative abundance of bacterial microbiome were identified based on disease status and geographic location. Quadratic discriminant analysis (DA) was capable of accurately categorizing samples, which can be valuable for differentiating between normal and OSCC-affected cattle.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ibrahim Youssef, Yamaan S. Saadeh, Michael J. Strong, Paul Park
OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY
(2022)