Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Doroteaciro Iovino, Julia Selivanova, Simona Masina, Andrea Cipollone
Summary: This study presents the temporal and spatial variability of sea ice area in the ensemble of global ocean reanalyses produced by the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) for the period 1993-2019. The results show that the reanalysis ensemble can provide consistent estimates of recent changes in the Antarctic sea ice area, with good agreement with satellite estimates and proper representation of seasonal and interannual variability.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
S. Wahlgren, J. Thomson, L. C. Biddle, S. Swart
Summary: The article presents in situ observations of wave activity in the Antarctic marginal ice zone, investigating the interactions between waves and sea ice as well as the attenuation of waves in different seasons. The observations also suggest that sea ice may cause a change in wave direction. These findings are significant for understanding the influence of sea ice on waves and the development of coupled wave-sea ice models.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
S. Wahlgren, J. Thomson, L. C. Biddle, S. Swart
Summary: Wave energy has an impact on the quality and extent of sea ice in the Antarctic marginal ice zone, and understanding wave propagation is crucial for predicting changes in sea ice cover. In this study, new in situ data collected from drifting buoys in the Weddell Sea reveal season-dependent attenuation of swell and a change in wave direction in sea ice compared to open water. These observations provide valuable insights into wave-sea ice interactions and can aid the development of accurate models for representing the influence of sea ice on wave propagation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Mark Orzech
Summary: This article introduces an alternative approach to accurately predict the attenuation of ocean surface waves in polar marginal ice zones. By representing the ice layer using a modified version of the vegetation damping parameterization in a phase-resolved wave model, the new representation is evaluated and compared to theory and measured data.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luke G. Bennetts, Cecilia M. Bitz, Daniel L. Feltham, Alison L. Kohout, Michael H. Meylan
Summary: The marginal ice zone (MIZ) is a dynamic interface between the open ocean and sea ice-covered ocean. It significantly influences various atmosphere-ocean fluxes, especially the heat flux. The MIZ has been expanding in both the Antarctic and the Arctic, affecting the evolution and prediction of sea ice.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Mark Orzech, Jie Yu, David Wang, Blake Landry, Carlo Zuniga-Zamalloa, Edward Braithwaite, Kathryn Trubac, Callum Gray
Summary: Surface waves in polar marginal ice zones (MIZs) generate a boundary layer beneath the ice, similar to the wave boundary layer at the seabed. This experimental study measured the boundary layer and wave attenuation rates in a salt water tank with broken surface ice. The results show a strong evidence of the boundary layer and comparable wave attenuation rates with existing datasets. This is the first of two experiments, with the second one scheduled for early 2023.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Jihai Dong, Meibing Jin, Yu Liu, Changming Dong
Summary: Observations during the summer seasons of 2003-2017 reveal significant interannual variabilities in surface salinity and Ekman downwelling in the Canada Basin (CB), with pronounced decreases in surface salinity and strengthened downwelling dynamics observed during 2006-2012 compared to other years, mainly attributed to changes in wind circulation and sea ice behavior.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
Jordan P. A. Pitt, Luke G. Bennetts, Michael H. Meylan, Robert A. Massom, Alessandro Toffoli
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of ocean waves on ice cover, particularly the phenomenon of wave overwash in the marginal ice zone. Through model validation and experimental research, it is found that the extent of overwash is influenced by wave and ice conditions, providing a basis for improving understanding of the effects on ice cover.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Simone De Villiers Louw, David Richard Walker, Sarah E. Fawcett
Summary: Microalgae and bacteria in Antarctic sea-ice play a crucial role in polar-ocean biogeochemistry. However, the dynamics of sea-ice algae in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) are poorly understood. A study in the Indian Southern Ocean in winter 2017 found an abundant, active algal community in the MIZ, which highlighted the ecological significance of this region in supporting overwintering sea-ice algae and bacteria.
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Puthiya Veettil Vipindas, Siddarthan Venkatachalam, Thajudeen Jabir, Eun Jin Yang, Kyoung-Ho Cho, Jinyoung Jung, Youngju Lee, Kottekkatu Padinchati Krishnan
Summary: The environmental variations and their interactions with the biosphere are essential for understanding the distribution of bacterial and archaeal communities in the Arctic Ocean during the summer sea-ice melting period. The researchers found clear stratification and significant differences in microbial communities at different water depths. The dominant phyla varied between seawater and melt-ponds, with different water masses playing a major role in their distribution.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Igor E. Kozlov, Oksana A. Atadzhanova
Summary: This study investigates the intensity and characteristics of eddy generation in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) regions of Fram Strait and around Svalbard using SAR data. The results show that submesoscale and small mesoscale eddies dominate, and the size of eddies increases with increasing ice concentration. Most eddies are detected at the ice edge and where the ice concentration is below 20%.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Larisa Pautova, Vladimir Silkin, Marina Kravchishina, Alexey Klyuvitkin, Elena Kudryavtseva, Dmitry Glukhovets, Anna Chultsova, Nadezhda Politova
Summary: During the retreat of sea ice in the Nansen Basin in August 2020, a study was conducted on phytoplankton in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) from two northern stations to a southern station. The MIZ was characterized by melted polar surface waters (mPSW), polar surface waters (PSW), and Atlantic waters (AW). Different water masses and species of phytoplankton were observed in the MIZ and open water, with the maximum biomass recorded at the northernmost station. The biomass decreased towards the southernmost station due to the influence of AW.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Jie Yu
Summary: This study provides a detailed analysis of fluid velocities, velocity shear, and Reynolds stress associated with linear gravity waves in two layers of fluids with a viscous ice layer overlaying water of deep depth. Speculation on wave-induced steady streaming and wave attenuation is made based on the Reynolds stress distribution, offering preliminary insights into mean flows in the ice layer and wave boundary layer in the water.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
V. T. Cooper, L. A. Roach, J. Thomson, S. D. Brenner, M. M. Smith, M. H. Meylan, C. M. Bitz
Summary: The retreat of Arctic sea ice has led to increased ocean wave activity, but the interactions between surface waves and sea ice are still not fully understood. In this study, in-situ observations and global model simulations were used to investigate wave activity in the western Arctic marginal ice zone. The results indicate limited locally generated wind waves in the ice-covered regions, and the choice of wave attenuation scheme and wind input significantly affect the extent of wave activity over ice-covered oceans. The findings emphasize the need for stronger constraints on wave attenuation and suggest further research on locally generated wind waves and their role in sea ice evolution.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
I Giddy, S. Swart, M. du Plessis, A. F. Thompson, S-A Nicholson
Summary: In the ice-impacted Southern Ocean, the interaction between sea-ice melt, surface boundary layer forcing, and submesoscale flows plays a significant role in determining the properties of the surface mixed layer. High-resolution observations indicate that submesoscale motions have a substantial impact on the exchange of properties at the base of the mixed layer.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Richard J. Greatbatch, Martin Claus, Peter Brandt, Jan-Dirk Matthiessen, Franz Philip Tuchen, Francois Ascani, Marcus Dengler, John Toole, Christina Roth, J. Thomas Farrar
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2018)
Article
Oceanography
Isabela Astiz Le Bras, Steven R. Jayne, John M. Toole
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2018)
Article
Oceanography
Sylvia T. Cole, John M. Toole, Luc Rainville, Craig M. Lee
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mary-Louise Timmermans, John Toole, Richard Krishfield
Article
Oceanography
Wenli Zhong, Michael Steele, Jinlun Zhang, Sylvia T. Cole
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2019)
Article
Oceanography
Sylvia T. Cole, James Stadler
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2019)
Article
Oceanography
H. D. B. S. Heorton, M. Tsamados, S. T. Cole, A. M. G. Ferreira, A. Berbellini, M. Fox, T. W. K. Armitage
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2019)
Article
Oceanography
Samuel Brenner, Luc Rainville, Jim Thomson, Sylvia Cole, Craig Lee
Summary: Understanding and predicting sea ice dynamics and ice-ocean feedback processes require accurate descriptions of momentum fluxes across the ice-ocean interface. By using observations from moorings in the Beaufort Sea and a force-balance approach, drag coefficient values over an annual cycle and a range of ice conditions were determined, with reasonable prediction capabilities when ice geometry is known.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wenli Zhong, Sylvia T. Cole, Jinlun Zhang, Ruibo Lei, Michael Steele
Summary: The ocean-to-ice heat flux in the Beaufort Gyre region of the Arctic Ocean has increased during winter due to thinner and less compact sea ice, leading to enhanced ice growth and stronger vertical convection and subsurface heat entrainment. The contribution of Ekman upwelling to the heat flux changes was found to be secondary.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Elizabeth C. Fine, Jennifer A. MacKinnon, Matthew H. Alford, Leo Middleton, John Taylor, John B. Mickett, Sylvia T. Cole, Nicole Couto, Arnaud Le Boyer, Thomas Peacock
Summary: In this study, the concurrent effects of lateral stirring and vertical mixing on the heat and salt structure in the ocean are examined through the observation of Pacific Summer Water intrusions. It is found that lateral processes create layered thermohaline structures, resulting in vertical thermohaline gradients and upward vertical heat fluxes. The analysis of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate suggests that double-diffusive convection is the main cause of the elevated turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin Rabe, Celine Heuze, Julia Regnery, Yevgeny Aksenov, Jacob Allerholt, Marylou Athanase, Youcheng Bai, Chris Basque, Dorothea Bauch, Till M. Baumann, Dake Chen, Sylvia T. Cole, Lisa Craw, Andrew Davies, Ellen Damm, Klaus Dethloff, Dmitry Divine, Francesca Doglioni, Falk Ebert, Ying-Chih Fang, Ilker Fer, Allison A. Fong, Rolf Gradinger, Mats A. Granskog, Rainer Graupner, Christian Haas, Hailun He, Yan He, Mario Hoppmann, Markus Janout, David Kadko, Torsten Kanzow, Salar Karam, Yusuke Kawaguchi, Zoe Koenig, Bin Kong, Richard A. Krishfield, Thomas Krumpen, David Kuhlmey, Ivan Kuznetsov, Musheng Lan, Georgi Laukert, Ruibo Lei, Tao Li, Lina Lin, Long Lin, Hailong Liu, Na Liu, Brice Loose, Xiaobing Ma, Rosalie McKay, Maria Mallet, Robbie D. C. Mallett, Wieslaw Maslowski, Christian Mertens, Volker Mohrholz, Morven Muilwijk, Marcel Nicolaus, Jeffrey K. O'Brien, Donald Perovich, Jian Ren, Markus Rex, Natalia Ribeiro, Annette Rinke, Janin Schaffer, Ingo Schuffenhauer, Kirstin Schulz, Matthew D. Shupe, William Shaw, Vladimir Sokolov, Anja Sommerfeld, Gunnar Spreen, Timothy Stanton, Mark Stephens, Jie Su, Natalia Sukhikh, Arild Sundfjord, Karolin Thomisch, Sandra Tippenhauer, John M. Toole, Myriel Vredenborg, Maren Walter, Hangzhou Wang, Lei Wang, Yuntao Wang, Manfred Wendisch, Jinping Zhao, Meng Zhou, Jialiang Zhu
Summary: This paper introduces the significance and observations of the physical oceanography program in the MOSAiC project, aiming to study the Arctic Ocean system in detail. The team conducted measurements in various forms and presented the changes in the water column along the drift, contributing to a better understanding of the seasonal evolution of the Arctic Ocean. This project is the most comprehensive program ever conducted over the ice-covered Arctic Ocean.
ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Jacob M. Steinberg, Sylvia T. Cole, Kyla Drushka, Ryan P. Abernathey
Summary: This study investigates the seasonality of oceanic mesoscale motions and their impact on potential and kinetic energy. The results show a scale-dependent cycle in kinetic energy, which coincides with temporal variability in potential energy. These findings have implications for ocean and climate models.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Elizabeth C. Fine, Sylvia T. Cole
Summary: As Arctic sea ice declines, wind energy is having increasing impacts on the Arctic ocean, potentially affecting ocean mixing, stratification, and turbulent heat fluxes. There are relationships between near-inertial energy and ice concentration and draft, influenced by the vertical scales of internal wave energy.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
E. Y. Son, Y. Kawaguchi, S. T. Cole, J. M. Toole, H. K. Ha
Summary: This study investigates the impact of interaction between mesoscale eddies and near-inertial internal waves on turbulent mixing in the ice-covered Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean. The results show that the presence of near-inertial internal waves near the eddy cores significantly enhances turbulent mixing.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Byongjun Hwang, Adrian Wood, Matthew Snell, Desyalew Fantaye, Endale Belayneh, Bizuneh Mekuria