Review
Physiology
Katrina F. Ostrom, Justin E. LaVigne, Tarsis F. Brust, Roland Seifert, Carmen W. Dessauer, Val J. Watts, Rennolds S. Ostrom
Summary: Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) catalyze the conversion of ATP to cAMP, serving as major effectors of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with varying expression patterns across tissues. Understanding the potential roles of each isoform holds promise for uncovering new therapeutic approaches.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ares Orlando Cuellar-Santoyo, Victor Manuel Ruiz-Rodriguez, Teresa Belem Mares-Barbosa, Araceli Patron-Soberano, Andrew G. Howe, Diana Patricia Portales-Perez, Amaya Miquelajauregui Graf, Ana Maria Estrada-Sanchez
Summary: Previous research mainly focused on the function of presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons, relegating astrocytes to a secondary role of ensuring neurotransmission. Recent evidence suggests that astrocytes actively contribute to and regulate neuronal transmission. This review compares glutamatergic components in neurons and astrocytes to explore how astrocytes modulate or influence neuronal transmission. Despite knowing their role in synaptic modulation, the specific contributions of astrocytes to physiological and pathological conditions remain unclear. Understanding the role of astrocytes in neuronal processing could lead to new therapeutic applications.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rostislav A. Sokolov, Irina V. Mukhina
Summary: Calcium is a crucial intracellular messenger in the brain that regulates various cell processes. In this study, the researchers used a fluorescent probe to investigate spontaneous Ca2+ events (SCEs) in neurons during culture maturation. They found that SCEs exhibited three different amplitude distributions and were dependent on extracellular Ca2+, neuronal network activity, and specific receptors and channels.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Bruno Cauli, Isabelle Dusart, Dongdong Li
Summary: In the past few decades, lactate has been recognized as an important energy substrate for the brain and a signaling molecule that modulates neuronal excitability and brain functions. This review provides a brief summary of how different cell types produce and release lactate, discusses the signaling mechanisms that allow lactate to fine-tune neuronal excitability and activity, and explores how these mechanisms cooperate to regulate neuroenergetics and higher order brain functions in both physiological and pathological conditions.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giorgia Giordani, Giulia Cattabriga, Andrea Becchimanzi, Ilaria Di Lelio, Giovanna De Leva, Silvia Gigliotti, Francesco Pennacchio, Giuseppe Gargiulo, Valeria Cavaliere
Summary: Acetylcholine (ACh) is a major neurotransmitter in insects that not only mediates synaptic interactions in the central nervous system but also regulates the innate immune response. This study found that inhibiting ACh synthesis or transport in neurons reduced the activation of drosomycin, an antimicrobial peptide gene, in infected flies. Mutations in the Drosophila alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and expression of a dominant negative form of this receptor subunit also affected the transcription of drosomycin. Interestingly, the response was similar when the dominant negative form was expressed in non-neuronal tissues or hemocytes. Inhibition of ACh synthesis in non-neuronal cells also affected drosomycin expression. These findings reveal the involvement of neural and non-neural cholinergic signals in modulating insect immune defenses and highlight the role of hemocytes in regulating the humoral immune response.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Shengtao Yang, Hyojung Seo, Min Wang, Amy F. T. Arnsten
Summary: The dlPFC generates mental representations through NMDAR transmission, while disruptions can lead to cognitive deficits. AMPAR plays a crucial role in visual stimuli and sensory event responses, whereas NMDAR is important for affective and visceral responses.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Pedro Espinosa, Camilla Bellone
Summary: This study uncovers the functional relevance of excitatory glycine receptors in the neocortex and amygdala, providing exciting new insights into their role in brain function.
Article
Neurosciences
Moritz Armbruster, Saptarnab Naskar, Jacqueline Garcia, Mary Sommer, Elliot Kim, Yoav Adam, Philip G. Haydon, Edward S. Boyden, Adam E. Cohen, Chris G. Dulla
Summary: This study reveals a novel form of communication between astrocytes and neurons, where neuronal activity induces significant depolarizations in astrocyte processes. These depolarizations are driven by presynaptic potassium efflux and glutamate transporters, and they inhibit astrocyte glutamate clearance, enhancing neuronal activation by glutamate.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinrong Li, Shih-Chi Chen, Jacque Pak Kan Ip
Summary: This article explores the role of different cells in the brain, such as astrocytes, microglia, and vascular cells, in interacting with neurons and contributing to cognitive impairment in diseases. Specifically, it focuses on the importance of synaptic loss and dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and how miRNAs can be essential regulators in this process. The article also discusses the potential of miRNA-related biomarkers, therapeutics, and emerging imaging technologies for AD research.
Article
Immunology
Marcel S. Woo, Friederike Ufer, Nicola Rothammer, Giovanni Di Liberto, Larsy Binkle, Undine Haferkamp, Jana K. Sonner, Jan Broder Engler, Sonke Hornig, Simone Bauer, Ingrid Wagner, Kristof Egervari, Jacob Raber, Robert M. Duvoisin, Ole Pless, Doron Merkler, Manuel A. Friese
Summary: This study reveals that an imbalance in the neuronal receptor inter actome is driving glutamate excitotoxicity in neurons of MS patients, and identifies the MS risk-associated metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8) as a decisive modulator. Activation of GRM8 counteracts neuronal cAMP accumulation, desensitizing the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and limiting glutamate-induced calcium release, providing neuroprotection in both mouse and human neurons as well as in a preclinical mouse model of MS. GRM8 conveys neuronal resilience to CNS inflammation and is a promising neuroprotective target with broad therapeutic implications.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giacomo Sitzia, Olga Skiteva, Karima Chergui
Summary: The study found that the neurophysiological and synaptic characteristics of LRRK2-G2019S mice remain largely unchanged, with subtle alterations in firing patterns and glutamatergic synaptic transmission in SNr neurons, indicating changes that occur before neurodegeneration in a late-onset PD model.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ana Belen Elgoyhen
Summary: Within the nAChR family, alpha 9 and alpha 10 subunits are distinct and distant members, forming a distinct clade in the phylogeny of nAChRs. They function as canonical ion channels in inner ear hair cells and play a role in the central nervous system control of auditory and vestibular sensory processing. Therefore, they deserve their own name based on their main synaptic site of action.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiao Wang, Yushuo Xiao, Chengyu Liu, Yixue Huang, Robert B. Petersen, Ling Zheng, Kun Huang
Summary: MeCP2 plays a crucial role in both neurological and non-neurological disorders, including causing Rett syndrome in the former and cardiac dysfunction, liver injury, respiratory disorders, and other conditions in the latter. Research suggests that MeCP2 can influence various physiological and pathological processes in a DNA methylation-dependent or independent manner.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Cigdem Acioglu, Robert F. Heary, Stella Elkabes
Summary: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune receptors expressed in immune cells, glia, and neurons, playing important roles in host defense and inflammation. The role of neuronal TLRs in central nervous system diseases and injuries has been underappreciated, and future research is needed to understand their specific contributions in these pathologies.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Matthew V. Green, Anne E. West
Summary: The activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs) can both promote neuronal survival and induce excitotoxic cell death. A recent study reveals that a novel interaction between NMDARs and TRPM4 is required for NMDAR-induced neuronal death. Disrupting this interaction reduces excitotoxicity without blocking physiological NMDAR signaling.
Article
Immunology
Billy Vuong, Adam D. J. Hogan-Cann, Conrad C. Alano, Mackenzie Stevenson, Wai Yee Chan, Christopher M. Anderson, Raymond A. Swanson, Tiina M. Kauppinen
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2015)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lingling Lu, Adam D. Hogan-Cann, Andrea K. Globa, Ping Lu, James Nagy, Shernaz X. Bamji, Christopher M. Anderson
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2019)
Review
Neurosciences
Crystal Acosta, Hope D. Anderson, Christopher M. Anderson
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Danielle I. Lee, Crystal Acosta, Christopher M. Anderson, Hope D. Anderson
Article
Immunology
Amit Kamboj, Ping Lu, Michael B. Cossoy, Jillian L. Stobart, Brian A. Dolhun, Tiina M. Kauppinen, Gilbert de Murcia, Christopher M. Anderson
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2013)
Article
Neurosciences
Ping Lu, Amit Kamboj, Spencer B. Gibson, Christopher M. Anderson
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jillian L. LeMaistre Stobart, Lingling Lu, Hope D. I. Anderson, Hisashi Mori, Christopher M. Anderson
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2013)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam D. Hogan-Cann, Ping Lu, Christopher M. Anderson
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2019)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yan Lu, Danielle I. Lee, Subir Roy Chowdhury, Ping Lu, Amit Kamboj, Christopher M. Anderson, Paul Fernyhough, Hope D. Anderson
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Ping Lu, Adam D. Hogan-Cann, Amit Kamboj, Subir K. Roy Chowdhury, Mohamad-Reza Aghanoori, Paul Fernyhough, Christopher M. Anderson
Review
Clinical Neurology
Frederick A. Zeiler, Yasser Iturria-Medina, Eric P. Thelin, Alwyn Gomez, Jai J. Shankar, Ji Hyun Ko, Chase R. Figley, Galen E. B. Wright, Chris M. Anderson
Summary: Management strategies for moderate/severe TBI have not significantly impacted mortality and morbidity, suggesting a shift toward personalized care. Multi-modal omics data sets, including cerebral physiome characterization and proteomics, are being increasingly used to inform individualized treatment approaches.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Luc Clair, Hope Anderson, Christopher Anderson, Okechukwu Ekuma, Heather J. Prior
Summary: Recent research has shown that individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular disease are at an increased risk of developing dementia, especially in the case of atrial fibrillation, ischemic heart disease, and stroke. Factors such as age, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities also contribute to the risk of dementia diagnosis.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sijo Joseph Thandapilly, Xavier Louis, Wilhelmina Kalt, Pema Raj, Jillian L. Stobart, Basma M. Aloud, Melinda Vinqvist-Tymchuk, Liping Yu, Jacques Kaminski, Norbert Latruffe, Christopher M. Anderson, Hope D. Anderson, Thomas Netticadan
Summary: This study found that blueberry polyphenolic extract can reduce vascular remodeling in hypertensive rats, providing cardiovascular protection.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Samuel Booth, Abdullah Ramadan, Dali Zhang, Lingling Lu, Gilbert Kirouac, Michael F. Jackson, Chris Anderson, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: The study found that a dosing regimen of 10 mg/kg of L-dopa induced LID in all animals and led to significant angiogenesis in the striatum and substantia nigra. The 2 mg/kg treatment resulted in LID in 6 out of 12 rats, with LID severity increasing linearly over the treatment period. Dopamine-induced vasodilatory responses were exaggerated only in rats showing LID-like signs.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)