The highly diverse antiphage defence systems of bacteria

Bacterial NLR-related proteins protect against phage

(2023) Emily M. Kibby et al.   CELL

Molecular basis of RADAR anti-phage supramolecular assemblies

(2023) Yina Gao et al.   CELL

Bacteriophages inhibit and evade cGAS-like immune function in bacteria

(2023) Erin Huiting et al.   CELL

Cryo-EM structure of the RADAR supramolecular anti-phage defense complex

(2023) Brianna Duncan-Lowey et al.   CELL

Discovery of phage determinants that confer sensitivity to bacterial immune systems

(2023) Avigail Stokar-Avihail et al.   CELL

The defense island repertoire of the Escherichia coli pan-genome

(2023) Dina Hochhauser et al.   PLoS Genetics

Restriction endonuclease cleavage of phage DNA enables resuscitation from Cas13-induced bacterial dormancy

(2023) Madison C. Williams et al.   Nature Microbiology

Cleavage of viral DNA by restriction endonucleases stimulates the type II CRISPR-Cas immune response

(2022) Pascal Maguin et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

A phage parasite deploys a nicking nuclease effector to inhibit viral host replication

(2022) Kristen N LeGault et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Bacterial gasdermins reveal an ancient mechanism of cell death

(2022) Alex G. Johnson et al.   SCIENCE

A Bacterial Dynamin-Like Protein Confers a Novel Phage Resistance Strategy on the Population Level in Bacillus subtilis

(2022) Lijun Guo et al.   mBio

Microbial defenses against mobile genetic elements and viruses: Who defends whom from what?

(2022) Eduardo P. C. Rocha et al.   PLOS BIOLOGY

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems as Phage Defense Elements

(2022) Michele LeRoux et al.   Annual Review of Microbiology

A short prokaryotic Argonaute activates membrane effector to confer antiviral defense

(2022) Zhifeng Zeng et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Phages and their satellites encode hotspots of antiviral systems

(2022) François Rousset et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

A unique mode of nucleic acid immunity performed by a multifunctional bacterial enzyme

(2022) S.M. Nayeemul Bari et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Phage anti-CBASS and anti-Pycsar nucleases subvert bacterial immunity

(2022) Samuel J. Hobbs et al.   NATURE

Two defence systems eliminate plasmids from seventh pandemic Vibrio cholerae

(2022) Milena Jaskólska et al.   NATURE

Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Inhibit Phage Infection by Blocking an Early Step of the Infection Cycle

(2022) Larissa Kever et al.   mBio

Systematic and quantitative view of the antiviral arsenal of prokaryotes

(2022) Florian Tesson et al.   Nature Communications

Cyclic Nucleotide Signaling in Phage Defense and Counter-Defense

(2022) Januka S. Athukoralage et al.   Annual Review of Virology

Bacterial retrons encode phage-defending tripartite toxin–antitoxin systems

(2022) Jacob Bobonis et al.   NATURE

Prokaryotic innate immunity through pattern recognition of conserved viral proteins

(2022) Linyi Alex Gao et al.   SCIENCE

Reversible bacteriophage resistance by shedding the bacterial cell wall

(2022) Véronique Ongenae et al.   Open Biology

The evolution of a counter-defense mechanism in a virus constrains its host range

(2022) Sriram Srikant et al.   eLife

Bacteria deplete deoxynucleotides to defend against bacteriophage infection

(2022) Nitzan Tal et al.   Nature Microbiology

The DarTG toxin-antitoxin system provides phage defence by ADP-ribosylating viral DNA

(2022) Michele LeRoux et al.   Nature Microbiology

Phage defence by deaminase-mediated depletion of deoxynucleotides in bacteria

(2022) Brian Y. Hsueh et al.   Nature Microbiology

Phage–host coevolution in natural populations

(2022) Damien Piel et al.   Nature Microbiology

The diverse arsenal of type III CRISPR–Cas-associated CARF and SAVED effectors

(2022) Jurre A. Steens et al.   BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS

Bacteriophages benefit from mobilizing pathogenicity islands encoding immune systems against competitors

(2022) Alfred Fillol-Salom et al.   CELL

An expanded arsenal of immune systems that protect bacteria from phages

(2022) Adi Millman et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

The SMC-family Wadjet complex protects bacteria from plasmid transformation by recognition and cleavage of closed-circular DNA

(2022) Amar Deep et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Viruses inhibit TIR gcADPR signalling to overcome bacterial defence

(2022) Azita Leavitt et al.   NATURE

A functional selection reveals previously undetected anti-phage defence systems in the E. coli pangenome

(2022) Christopher N. Vassallo et al.   Nature Microbiology

Short prokaryotic Argonautes provide defence against incoming mobile genetic elements through NAD+ depletion

(2022) Mindaugas Zaremba et al.   Nature Microbiology

Multiple phage resistance systems inhibit infection via SIR2-dependent NAD+ depletion

(2022) Jeremy Garb et al.   Nature Microbiology

Direct activation of a bacterial innate immune system by a viral capsid protein

(2022) Tong Zhang et al.   NATURE

Multistep diversification in spatiotemporal bacterial-phage coevolution

(2022) Einat Shaer Tamar et al.   Nature Communications

Shutoff of host transcription triggers a toxin-antitoxin system to cleave phage RNA and abort infection

(2021) Chantal K. Guegler et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

A nucleotide-sensing endonuclease from the Gabija bacterial defense system

(2021) Rui Cheng et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

High-throughput functional variant screens via in vivo production of single-stranded DNA

(2021) Max G. Schubert et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

SspABCD-SspFGH Constitutes a New Type of DNA Phosphorothioate-Based Bacterial Defense System

(2021) Shiwei Wang et al.   mBio

Temporal shifts in antibiotic resistance elements govern phage-pathogen conflicts

(2021) Kristen N. LeGault et al.   SCIENCE

Cyclic CMP and cyclic UMP mediate bacterial immunity against phages

(2021) Nitzan Tal et al.   CELL

Prophages encode phage-defense systems with cognate self-immunity

(2021) Siân V. Owen et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Bacteria elicit a phage tolerance response subsequent to infection of their neighbors

(2021) Elhanan Tzipilevich et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

Effector-mediated membrane disruption controls cell death in CBASS antiphage defense

(2021) Brianna Duncan-Lowey et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Antiviral activity of bacterial TIR domains via immune signalling molecules

(2021) Gal Ofir et al.   NATURE

Precise genome editing across kingdoms of life using retron-derived DNA

(2021) Santiago C. Lopez et al.   Nature Chemical Biology

The phage defence island of a multidrug resistant plasmid uses both BREX and type IV restriction for complementary protection from viruses

(2021) David M Picton et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Identification and classification of antiviral defence systems in bacteria and archaea with PADLOC reveals new system types

(2021) Leighton J Payne et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Rapid evolutionary turnover of mobile genetic elements drives bacterial resistance to phages

(2021) Fatima Aysha Hussain et al.   SCIENCE

Cargo Genes of Tn 7 -Like Transposons Comprise an Enormous Diversity of Defense Systems, Mobile Genetic Elements, and Antibiotic Resistance Genes

(2021) Sean Benler et al.   mBio

The CRISPR-Cas systems were selectively inactivated during evolution of Bacillus cereus group for adaptation to diverse environments

(2020) Ziqiang Zheng et al.   ISME Journal

Structure and Mechanism of a Cyclic Trinucleotide-Activated Bacterial Endonuclease Mediating Bacteriophage Immunity

(2020) Rebecca K. Lau et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

The arms race between bacteria and their phage foes

(2020) Hannah G. Hampton et al.   NATURE

An anti-CRISPR viral ring nuclease subverts type III CRISPR immunity

(2020) Januka S. Athukoralage et al.   NATURE

Impact of phages on soil bacterial communities and nitrogen availability under different assembly scenarios

(2020) Lucas P. P. Braga et al.   Microbiome

SspABCD–SspE is a phosphorothioation-sensing bacterial defence system with broad anti-phage activities

(2020) Xiaolin Xiong et al.   Nature Microbiology

CBASS Immunity Uses CARF-Related Effectors to Sense 3′–5′- and 2′–5′-Linked Cyclic Oligonucleotide Signals and Protect Bacteria from Phage Infection

(2020) Brianna Lowey et al.   CELL

Abortive Infection: Bacterial Suicide as an Antiviral Immune Strategy

(2020) Anna Lopatina et al.   Annual Review of Virology

Molecular Mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas Immunity in Bacteria

(2020) Philip M. Nussenzweig et al.   Annual Review of Genetics

Covalent modifications of bacteriophage genome confer a degree of resistance to bacterial CRISPR systems

(2020) Yuepeng Liu et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

STING cyclic dinucleotide sensing originated in bacteria

(2020) Benjamin R. Morehouse et al.   NATURE

Prokaryotic viperins produce diverse antiviral molecules

(2020) Aude Bernheim et al.   NATURE

Diverse enzymatic activities mediate antiviral immunity in prokaryotes

(2020) Linyi Gao et al.   SCIENCE

Diversity and classification of cyclic-oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signalling systems

(2020) Adi Millman et al.   Nature Microbiology

Bacterial Retrons Function In Anti-Phage Defense

(2020) Adi Millman et al.   CELL

Recombination between phages and CRISPR−cas loci facilitates horizontal gene transfer in staphylococci

(2019) Andrew Varble et al.   Nature Microbiology

Yet More Evidence of Collusion: a New Viral Defense System Encoded by Gordonia Phage CarolAnn

(2019) Matthew T. Montgomery et al.   mBio

More Evidence of Collusion: a New Prophage-Mediated Viral Defense System Encoded by Mycobacteriophage Sbash

(2019) Gabrielle M. Gentile et al.   mBio

Bacterial cGAS-like enzymes synthesize diverse nucleotide signals

(2019) Aaron T. Whiteley et al.   NATURE

A new type of DNA phosphorothioation-based antiviral system in archaea

(2019) Lei Xiong et al.   Nature Communications

Dynamic Modulation of the Gut Microbiota and Metabolome by Bacteriophages in a Mouse Model

(2019) Bryan B. Hsu et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Cyclic GMP–AMP signalling protects bacteria against viral infection

(2019) Daniel Cohen et al.   NATURE

SHERLOCK: nucleic acid detection with CRISPR nucleases

(2019) Max J. Kellner et al.   Nature Protocols

Bacterial biodiversity drives the evolution of CRISPR-based phage resistance

(2019) Ellinor O. Alseth et al.   NATURE

Evolutionary entanglement of mobile genetic elements and host defence systems: guns for hire

(2019) Eugene V. Koonin et al.   NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS

The pan-immune system of bacteria: antiviral defence as a community resource

(2019) Aude Bernheim et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

The Biology of CRISPR-Cas: Backward and Forward

(2018) Frank Hille et al.   CELL

Contemporary Phage Biology: From Classic Models to New Insights

(2018) Gal Ofir et al.   CELL

Bacteriophage Cooperation Suppresses CRISPR-Cas3 and Cas9 Immunity

(2018) Adair L. Borges et al.   CELL

Anti-CRISPR Phages Cooperate to Overcome CRISPR-Cas Immunity

(2018) Mariann Landsberger et al.   CELL

Systematic discovery of antiphage defense systems in the microbial pangenome

(2018) Shany Doron et al.   SCIENCE

CRISPR-Cas-Mediated Phage Resistance Enhances Horizontal Gene Transfer by Transduction

(2018) Bridget N. J. Watson et al.   mBio

A chemical defence against phage infection

(2018) Sarah Kronheim et al.   NATURE

BREX system of Escherichia coli distinguishes self from non-self by methylation of a specific DNA site

(2018) Julia Gordeeva et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Anti-CRISPR: discovery, mechanism and function

(2017) April Pawluk et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Prophage-mediated defence against viral attack and viral counter-defence

(2017) Rebekah M. Dedrick et al.   Nature Microbiology

Pseudomonas aeruginosa defends against phages through type IV pilus glycosylation

(2017) Hanjeong Harvey et al.   Nature Microbiology

DISARM is a widespread bacterial defence system with broad anti-phage activities

(2017) Gal Ofir et al.   Nature Microbiology

A Eukaryotic-like Serine/Threonine Kinase Protects Staphylococci against Phages

(2016) Florence Depardieu et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Prophages mediate defense against phage infection through diverse mechanisms

(2016) Joseph Bondy-Denomy et al.   ISME Journal

Novel genomic island modifies DNA with 7-deazaguanine derivatives

(2016) Jennifer J. Thiaville et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

BREX is a novel phage resistance system widespread in microbial genomes

(2014) T. Goldfarb et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

Evolutionary consequences of intra-patient phage predation on microbial populations

(2014) Kimberley D Seed et al.   eLife

Temperate Streptococcus thermophilus phages expressing superinfection exclusion proteins of the Ltp type

(2014) Yahya Ali et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

Comprehensive analysis of the HEPN superfamily: identification of novel roles in intra-genomic conflicts, defense, pathogenesis and RNA processing

(2013) Vivek Anantharaman et al.   Biology Direct

Diverse Functions of Restriction-Modification Systems in Addition to Cellular Defense

(2013) K. Vasu et al.   MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS

Revenge of the phages: defeating bacterial defences

(2013) Julie E. Samson et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Highlights of the DNA cutters: a short history of the restriction enzymes

(2013) Wil A. M. Loenen et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

The CRISPR Craze

(2013) E. Pennisi   SCIENCE

CRISPR-Cas and restriction–modification systems are compatible and increase phage resistance

(2013) Marie-Ève Dupuis et al.   Nature Communications

Viral Evasion of a Bacterial Suicide System by RNA–Based Molecular Mimicry Enables Infectious Altruism

(2012) Tim R. Blower et al.   PLoS Genetics

Co-evolution with lytic phage selects for the mucoid phenotype of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25

(2011) Pauline Deirdre Scanlan et al.   ISME Journal

Defense Islands in Bacterial and Archaeal Genomes and Prediction of Novel Defense Systems

(2011) K. S. Makarova et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

The phage-host arms race: Shaping the evolution of microbes

(2010) Adi Stern et al.   BIOESSAYS

Escherichia coli rnlA and rnlB Compose a Novel Toxin-Antitoxin System

(2010) M. Koga et al.   GENETICS

Bacteriophage resistance mechanisms

(2010) Simon J. Labrie et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Post-transcriptional control by bacteriophage T4: mRNA decay and inhibition of translation initiation

(2010) Marc Uzan et al.   Virology Journal

RecBCD Enzyme and the Repair of Double-Stranded DNA Breaks

(2008) M. S. Dillingham et al.   MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS

RloC: a wobble nucleotide-excising and zinc-responsive bacterial tRNase

(2008) Elena Davidov et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY