Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gregory G. Schwartz, Michael Szarek, Vera A. Bittner, Rafael Diaz, Shaun G. Goodman, J. Wouter Jukema, Ulf Landmesser, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Garen Manvelian, Robert Pordy, Michel Scemama, Peter R. Sinnaeve, Harvey D. White, Ph Gabriel Steg
Summary: In patients with recent acute coronary syndromes and LDL-C near 70 mg/dL on optimized statin therapy, proprotein subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibition provides incremental clinical benefit only when lipoprotein(a) concentration is at least mildly elevated.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tahir Mahmood, Jessica Minnier, Matthew K. Ito, Qian H. Li, Andrew Koren, Ivy W. Kam, Sergio Fazio, Michael D. Shapiro
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of discordant plasma LDL-C/Lp(a) response to the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab, and a high prevalence of discordant response was observed, suggesting that alirocumab may reduce Lp(a) through alternative pathways.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Harold Superko, Brenda Garrett
Summary: Despite statin use and LDL-C reduction, residual cardiovascular disease event risk remains. Abnormal lipoprotein size and density distribution, known as lipoprotein heterogeneity, contributes to this residual risk. Recent clinical trial evidence reinforces the importance of LDL heterogeneity measurement and its impact on CHD risk prediction and outcomes.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Yueyuan Zhang, Sha Xu, Jianxin Xu, Fuchao Xu, Geng Lu, Jiawei Zhou, Shuangshuang Gu, Jun Wang
Summary: This study evaluated the prognostic value of plasma 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC) in sepsis by measuring its concentration in 176 sepsis patients and 90 healthy volunteers. The results showed that elevated plasma 7-KC level is an indicator of sepsis and predicts poor prognosis. A nomogram for predicting the 28-day mortality of sepsis was established, and the combination of plasma 7-KC and platelet count showed the best prognostic efficiency.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Enchen Zhou, Zhuang Li, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Ahlam Choukoud, Sander Kooijman, Jimmy F. P. Berbee, Patrick C. N. Rensen, Yanan Wang
Summary: Accelerating lipolytic processing of VLDL by brown fat activation can further lower (V)LDL levels and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shakir Ahamad, Shintu Mathew, Waqas A. Khan, Kishor Mohanan
Summary: In this review, we summarize recent developments in small-molecule PCSK9 inhibitors, focusing on their design, therapeutic effects, specific targets, and mechanisms of action.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuchao Dou, Shuai Liu, Yuqing Li, Hao Wu, Hui Chen, Yong Ji
Summary: This case-control study investigated the association between blood cholesterol levels and Lewy body dementia (LBD) in Chinese older adults. The study found that lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were independently associated with an increased risk of LBD. Higher fasting glucose levels may also be associated with the risk of LBD.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Peter Gennemark, Katrin Walter, Niclas Clemmensen, Dinko Rekic, Catarina A. M. Nilsson, Jane Knochel, Mikko Holtta, Linda Wernevik, Birgitta Rosengren, Dorota Kakol-Palm, Yanfeng Wang, Rosie Z. Yu, Richard S. Geary, Stan J. Riney, Brett P. Monia, Rikard Isaksson, Rasmus Jansson-Lofmark, Cristina S. J. Rocha, Daniel Linden, Eva Hurt-Camejo, Rosanne Crooke, Lloyd Tillman, Tina Ryden-Bergsten, Bjorn Carlsson, Ulf Andersson, Marie Elebring, Anna Tivesten, Nigel Davies
Summary: In this study, a chemically modified PCSK9 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) with potential for oral delivery was developed and shown to effectively reduce LDL cholesterol levels. Animal experiments demonstrated liver targeting and significant reductions in PCSK9 and LDL cholesterol levels after oral administration.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Changwei Zheng, Yi Lin, Bingcai Jiang, Xiaomin Zhu, Qianyi Lin, Wangdu Luo, Min Tang, Lin Xie
Summary: Through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, the study found that an increase in levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was associated with a decreased risk of retinal vascular occlusion (RVO), suggesting that a low HDL-C level may be an independent risk factor for RVO. However, there was no evidence to support a causal association between low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, or triglycerides and RVO.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Vi T. Tang, Joseph McCormick, Bolin Xu, Yawei Wang, Huan Fang, Xiao Wang, David Siemieniak, Rami Khoriaty, Brian T. Emmer, Xiao-Wei Chen, David Ginsburg
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SURF4 in the hepatic secretion of PCSK9 and APOB-containing lipoproteins. By generating mice with hepatic SURF4 deficiency, the researchers found that the absence of SURF4 leads to a severe defect in lipoprotein secretion, resulting in decreased plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels. These findings highlight the potential of SURF4 as a therapeutic target in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yara Azar, Marie-Helene Gannage-Yared, Elie Naous, Carine Ayoub, Yara Abou Khalil, Elise Chahine, Sandy Elbitar, Youmna Ghaleb, Catherine Boileau, Mathilde Varret, Petra El Khoury, Marianne Abifadel
Summary: Elevated levels of PCSK9 in adults have been associated with increased LDL-C, TG, and worse cardiovascular outcomes. However, few studies have analyzed the relation between PCSK9 and lipid parameters in pediatric populations. This study found that serum PCSK9 levels were significantly correlated with TC, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C levels in Lebanese school children. Further studies are needed to determine if PCSK9 measurements have additional value in predicting cardiovascular outcomes in pediatric populations.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nathaniel L. Baker, Samar M. Hammad, Kelly J. Hunt, Andrea Semler, Richard L. Klein, Maria F. Lopes-Virella
Summary: This study found that plasma apoM levels are associated with the development of diabetic kidney disease. Higher apoM levels are associated with increased risk of progression to macroalbuminuria and chronic kidney disease in patients with type 1 diabetes, suggesting that alterations in apoM may play a role in the development of nephropathy.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daniel P. Marcusa, Robert P. Giugliano, Jeong-Gun Park, James A. de Lemos, Christopher P. Cannon, Marc S. Sabatine
Summary: This secondary exploratory analysis evaluates the association between baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the percentage low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction with different pharmacotherapies. The study found that patients with lower baseline LDL-C levels had a higher percentage reduction in LDL-C with evolocumab, a more modest difference with simvastatin, and no clinically important difference with ezetimibe. These findings suggest that intensive LDL-C-lowering therapies are beneficial even for patients with relatively low baseline LDL-C levels.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Palak P. Oza, Khosrow Kashfi
Summary: Cancer is a global burden that affects premature mortality, productivity loss, healthcare expenditures, and mental health. Recent research has revealed a new role for cholesterol-lowering PCSK9 inhibitors in cancer treatment. PCSK9 is an enzyme that degrades LDL receptors, responsible for cholesterol clearance. By inhibiting PCSK9, LDL receptors are upregulated, leading to cholesterol reduction. The cholesterol-lowering effects of PCSK9 inhibitors have potential in combating cancer growth and enhancing existing anticancer therapies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ronald M. Krauss
Summary: Levels of small, dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) particles have been associated with risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). There is sufficient evidence to suggest measuring sdLDL for assessing and managing cardiovascular disease risk.
CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY
(2022)
