Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yue Tang, Jianhua Li, Lixin Xu, Jeong-Bong Lee, Huikai Xie
Summary: In this paper, electrothermal micromirrors based on different thermal actuators are reviewed, and the mechanisms of those actuators are analyzed. Special attention is given to bimorph based-electrothermal micromirrors due to their versatility in tip-tilt-piston motion. The exemplified applications of each type of electrothermal micromirrors are also presented. Moreover, electrothermal micromirrors integrated with electromagnetic or electrostatic actuators are introduced.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Margarita Tecpoyotl-Torres, Pedro Vargas-Chable, Jesus Escobedo-Alatorre, Luis Cisneros-Villalobos, Josahandy Sarabia-Vergara
Summary: This study modified a V-shaped microactuator and investigated its effects on force and displacement. The results showed that the proposed microactuator had a significant increase in force compared to a similar microactuator and a V-shaped microactuator, while the displacement slightly decreased. When applied to a microgripper, the modified microactuator also contributed to an increase in displacement, force, and natural frequency, without reaching critical temperatures for microobjects.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Fengqi Dai, Shuangjie Liu, Yongping Hao, Fengli Liu
Summary: Electrothermal actuation is commonly used in MEMS systems, and the electrothermal V-shaped actuator (EVA) is favored for its stable output force. However, current EVAs in MEMS suffer from limited driving displacement. A mechanical model is established to investigate the impact of metal coating on the driving displacement of silicon EVAs, and a formula for calculating the maximum displacement is derived. The analysis demonstrates that metal coating enhances the displacement of silicon EVAs to varying degrees, with copper coatings showing the most significant effect.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wang Zhenlu, Zhang Jiue, Ma Shuxia, Liu Guangqiao
Summary: This paper presents a temperature distribution and unload displacement model of a Z-shaped electrothermal microactuator, and validates the accuracy of the model through experimental and finite element analysis. It is found that the shape of the actuator has no effect on the maximum temperature, while the unload displacement and output force depend on the beam length and inclined angle of the actuator.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kien Trung Hoang, Phuc Hong Pham
Summary: This study presents the design and optimization of an electrothermal V-shaped actuator (EVA) to achieve mechanical stability, thermal safety, and large displacement. Through modeling and optimization analysis, the optimal dimensions of the V-beam are determined to satisfy safe working conditions and to achieve larger displacements. The results show that the optimized EVA at a maximum driving voltage of 28V provides a significantly larger displacement while maintaining safe operation.
MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Dake Kang, Chao Yan, Sijia Liu, Zhaowei Wang, Zhenhua Jiang
Summary: This study numerically investigates hypersonic flow on a V-shaped blunt leading edge (VSBLE) at Mach 12. The results show that self-induced shock-shock interactions and shock wave/boundary layer interactions (SWBLIs) cause extremely high heat flux peaks on the crotch of the VSBLE. A simplified model is constructed based on these shock structures, which divides the flow field into inviscid and viscous areas and accurately predicts the heating/pressure peaks. Furthermore, a shock control bump (SCB) is used to reduce the heat flux peak by 66% and prevent SWBLI-induced separation.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Zhenfeng Zhai, Qing Hu, Weifeng Ye, Hua Huang
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between solitary waves and a bottom-mounted surface-piercing V-shaped breakwater, analyzing the wave characteristics and effects. The research shows that the V-shaped breakwater performs better in reducing wave loads and has a significant impact on wave behavior.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dzung Tien Nguyen, Kien Trung Hoang, Phuc Hong Pham
Summary: This study presents a method of improving the displacement of an electrothermal V-shaped actuator fabricated by traditional SOI-MEMS technology through surface sputtering process, with results showing that the displacement of the sputtering V-shaped actuator is two times larger than non-sputtering.
MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lin-Feng Zhao, Zai-Fa Zhou, Mu-Zi Meng, Meng-Jie Li, Qing-An Huang
Summary: An electro-thermo-mechanical model is proposed to analyze the application of V-shaped thermal actuators in MEMS devices. The model divides the thermal actuator into short beams and constructs a two-dimensional network to solve the heat distribution problem and predict the variations in displacement and force.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL MODELLING-ELECTRONIC NETWORKS DEVICES AND FIELDS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mingyuan Liu, Ping Su, Qian Sun, Jianshe Ma
Summary: In this paper, the design and evaluation method of the three-degrees-of-freedom double objective-lenses microsuspension actuators is explored. The method guides the design process and verifies the performance of the actuators. Results show that the method effectively guides the design process and the control system verifies the servo performance of the actuators.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
N. Alcheikh, H. M. Ouakad, S. Ben Mbarek, M. I. Younis
Summary: This study presents a detailed analysis of the static and dynamic characteristics of electrostatically actuated micro-beam resonators, providing an analytical model that is validated through experiments and finite element simulation. The results show that different actuation options and V-shaped configurations may result in varying stability behavior, allowing for an increased static deflection range of the resonator.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ahmad Rahbar Ranji, Jingshuai Guo, Shahpour Alirezaee, Mohammed Jalal Ahamed
Summary: In this paper, a general analytical model was developed to determine the natural frequency of MEMS ring resonators considering both radial and tangential displacements. The stiffness of circular curved beams with different central angles was determined using Castigliano's method and compared with literature and FEM. The deviations between the analytical approach and numerical method were less than 4%.
Article
Acoustics
Phuc Hong Pham, Phuc Truong Duc, Kien Trung Hoang, Ngoc-Tam Bui
Summary: This paper presents a thermal transfer model and optimization approach to improve the working frequency range of an electrothermal V-shaped actuator, and uses particle swarm optimization algorithm to find the optimal beam dimensions for increasing the critical frequency.
SHOCK AND VIBRATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yu-Chi Su, Sheng-Shiang Wang
Summary: Seismic metamaterials offer an innovative approach to earthquake engineering by reducing the impact of seismic waves without modifying existing structures. This study proposes two novel designs, V- and N-shaped, to achieve a broad bandgap at low frequencies. By adding a line to the letter V, the bandgap can be broadened in the N-shaped design. These designs, arranged in a gradient pattern, combine the bandgaps of metamaterials with different heights. The use of concrete as the base material makes the proposed seismic metamaterial cost-effective. Finite element transient analysis and band structures confirm the accuracy of the numerical simulations, showing effective attenuation of surface waves across a wide range of low frequencies using the gradient V- and N-shaped seismic metamaterials.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Zhengliang Li, Wei Wu, Jianchun Li, Jian Zhao
Summary: Seismic-induced tensile cracking poses a threat to transportation infrastructures in V-shaped canyons. The stresses induced by self-weight and vertically travelling SV waves play a crucial role in the development of tensile stresses in the upper part of slopes. Higher-frequency diffracted Rayleigh waves contribute to the generation of tensile stresses on the ground surface near the canyon.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hanjing Lu, Xiaoting Rui, Yuanyuan Ding, Yu Chang, Yiheng Chen, Jianguo Ding, Xuping Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a novel hybrid numerical method combining the transfer matrix method for multibody systems with the finite element method and the Craig-Bampton reduction method. The proposed method shows good agreement with the finite element method in the analysis of simple systems and rigid-flexible manipulator systems. It has advantages in easy programming, low computational effort, and high applicability to linear time-invariant mechanical systems with flexible components.
APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Juntian Qu, Renjie Wang, Peng Pan, Linghao Du, Zetian Mi, Yu Sun, Xinyu Liu
Summary: Nanomaterials possess superior properties and are suitable for various device applications. Nanomanipulation techniques under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have enabled the testing of mechanical and electrical properties of nanomaterials. However, the seamless integration of mechanical, electrical, and optical testing techniques inside an SEM for multiphysical characterization of nanomaterials is still unexplored. In this work, a nanomanipulation system with integrated micro-photoluminescence setup is reported, and the effect of mechanical compression on the optoelectronic property of nanomaterials is revealed.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wenwen Yuan, Hang Yuan, Keran Jiao, Jia Zhu, Eng Gee Lim, Ivona Mitrovic, Sixuan Duan, Yongjie Wang, Shan Cong, Chun Zhao, Jie Sun, Xinyu Liu, Pengfei Song
Summary: Nanofibrillated cellulose paper (nanopaper) is a promising substrate material for paper-based microfluidics due to its smooth surface, high transparency, nanofiber matrix, and tunable properties. However, current patterning techniques have limitations. This paper presents a simple microembossing method for patterning nanopaper microchannels down to 200 μm, which is 4 times better than existing methods and time-saving. The developed microchannels enable the creation of high-performance nanopaper-based analytical devices.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pengfei Xu, Shaojia Wang, Angela Lin, Hyun-Kee Min, Zhanfeng Zhou, Wenkun Dou, Yu Sun, Xi Huang, Helen Tran, Xinyu Liu
Summary: To mimic the functions of biological systems, electronic tools that can interact with biological tissues with matched softness are needed. However, currently there is no solvent-free, ultrasoft and conductive elastomer that meets these requirements. This article presents a solvent-free, ultrasoft and conductive PDMS bottlebrush elastomer (BBE) composite with single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as conductive fillers. The conductive SWCNT/BBE material exhibits an ultralow Young's modulus (<11 kPa) and satisfactory conductivity (>2 S/m), as well as good adhesion property. Ultrasoft electronics based on this material are fabricated using laser cutting and 3D printing, and their potential applications in wearable sensing, soft robotics, and electrophysiological recording are demonstrated.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Pengfei Song, Pengfei Ou, Yongjie Wang, Hang Yuan, Sixuan Duan, Longyan Chen, Hao Fu, Jun Song, Xinyu Liu
Summary: In this article, an ultrasensitive FET biosensor based on two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanolayers was reported for label-free detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The biosensor utilizes vertically-aligned MoS2 nanolayers (VAMNs) grown by chemical vapor deposition, which enables easy fabrication and mass device production. The VAMNs possess abundant surface-exposed active edge sites with high binding affinity for thiol-based linkers, overcoming the challenge of molecule functionalization on conventional planar MoS2 nanolayers. The FET biosensor allows rapid and ultrasensitive PSA detection in human serum, offering excellent features for early-stage diagnosis of life-threatening diseases.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Hanjing Lu, Xiaoting Rui, Xuping Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a novel transfer matrix method to model and analyze the linear vibration of flexible multibody systems. The method can automatically deduce the overall transfer equation and obtain the natural vibration characteristics. It is also capable of solving the forced vibration response. In the study of the dynamics of an ultra-precision machine tool, the proposed method has demonstrated advantages such as easy deduction of the overall transfer equation, low order of system matrix, and high computational speed.
JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xian Wang, Zheyuan Gong, Tiancong Wang, Junhui Law, Xin Chen, Siyi Wanggou, Jintian Wang, Binbin Ying, Michelle Francisco, Weifan Dong, Yi Xiong, Jerry J. Fan, Graham MacLeod, Stephane Angers, Xuejun Li, Peter B. Dirks, Xinyu Liu, Xi Huang, Yu Sun
Summary: Researchers have developed a mechanical approach using magnetic carbon nanotubes to treat chemoresistant glioblastoma (GBM). GBM cells can internalize the nanotubes and their mobilization by rotating magnetic fields leads to cell death. In vivo studies show that spatiotemporally controlled release of the nanotubes inhibits GBM growth. Functionalizing the nanotubes with an antibody that recognizes GBM cell surface antigen CD44 enhances their recognition of cancer cells and improves therapeutic efficacy. This study establishes the use of magnetic carbon nanotubes as a treatment option for GBM.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Peng Pan, Zhen Qin, William Sun, Yuxiao Zhou, Shaojia Wang, Pengfei Song, Yong Wang, Changhai Ru, Xin Wang, John Calarco, Xinyu Liu
Summary: This paper introduces a spiral microfluidic device that can effectively sort, trap, and long-term live image single C. elegans embryos under precise experimental conditions. The device utilizes Dean vortices generated inside a spiral microchannel to sort embryos and hydrodynamic traps on the sidewall of the spiral channel to trap the sorted embryos at single-cell resolution for long-term imaging. Through the controlled microenvironment inside the microfluidic device, the response of the trapped embryos to mechanical and chemical stimulation can be quantitatively measured. The device provides new avenues for easy, rapid, high-content screening of C. elegans embryos.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Guangming Cui, Pengsong Zhang, Xinyu Liu, Linbo Xie, Wentao Huang, Peng Pan, Juntian Qu, Qigao Fan
Summary: This article presents a new localized magnetic field generating system for independent control of multiple magnetic microrobots, enabling cooperative or parallel microassembly tasks. The performance of a novel circular microcoil is analyzed, validated by finite-element analysis and simulation, and an actuation and control strategy for microrobots is proposed. The microrobot's independent closed-loop control is realized based on visual feedback. The experimental platform demonstrates flexible and accurate movement of the microrobot with a tracking error within 0.444 mm, highlighting the system's potential in micromanipulation tasks.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hao Fu, Zhen Qin, Xiao Li, Yueyue Pan, Haitong Xu, Peng Pan, Pengfei Song, Xinyu Liu
Summary: This paper introduces an electrochemical microfluidic paper-based device (E-mu PAD) with an all-in-one origami design for rapid testing of cardiac protein markers in whole blood. The E-mu PAD shows superior analytical performance and holds great potential for on-site screening of acute cardiovascular diseases in nonlaboratory settings.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Juntian Qu, Renjie Wang, Peng Pan, Linghao Du, Yu Sun, Xinyu Liu
Summary: In recent years, there have been significant advances in electroluminescent InGaN-based LEDs, which have the potential to revolutionize lighting and display technologies. The need for submicrometer-sized, multicolor light sources integrated on a single chip has led to the investigation of size-dependent electroluminescence properties of selective-area grown single InGaN-based nanowire LEDs. Additionally, the external mechanical compression induced by the packaging process in planar InGaN-based LEDs motivates the study of size-dependent electroluminescence properties of single nanowire LEDs under mechanical compression. The results demonstrate the superior optical and electrical robustness of single InGaN/GaN nanowire LEDs under mechanical compression.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hao Fu, Zhen Qin, Xiao Li, Yueyue Pan, Haitong Xu, Peng Pan, Pengfei Song, Xinyu Liu
Summary: This paper presents a new diagnostic device for cardiovascular diseases, which can rapidly and accurately detect cardiac protein markers in blood samples in non-laboratory settings. The device utilizes a microfluidic paper-based platform and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) immunoassay, and demonstrates high sensitivity and multiplexed detection capability. Experimental results show that the device has comparable performance to commercial ELISA kits in terms of detection limits, analytical performance, and ease of use, making it a promising tool for on-site screening of cardiovascular diseases in emergency rooms, doctor's offices, and patient homes.
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Guoning Si, Fuhuan Zhou, Zhuo Zhang, Xuping Zhang
Summary: An accurate and reliable tracking system for multiple zebrafish larvae based on YOLOv5 and DeepSORT technologies is proposed in this paper. The system performs well in complex environments, achieving a tracking accuracy of up to 88.8%.
2022 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTOMATION, ROBOTICS AND APPLICATIONS (ICARA 2022)
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Pengyu Ma, Ruiqiang Xia, Xuebin Wang, Xuping Zhang, Grzegorz Krolczyk, Paolo Gardoni, Zhixiong Li
Summary: This article introduces the motion stages of an industrial robot manipulator and a method for reducing residual vibration. Experimental results verify a numerical vibration model and analyze the vibration suppression effect under different conditions.
JOURNAL OF LOW FREQUENCY NOISE VIBRATION AND ACTIVE CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Guoning Si, Fahui Chen, Xuping Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive comparison study on the dynamic performances of three planar 3-DOF parallel manipulators. Numerical simulations and analyses are conducted to evaluate the dynamic performance of these manipulators under different trajectories. The results show the advantages and disadvantages of each manipulator in terms of dynamic dexterity, power requirement, and energy transmission efficiency.
