Article
Thermodynamics
Zhenwen Hu, Xuanze He, Francesco Restuccia, Guillermo Rein
Summary: Self-heating ignition is a fire hazard in warehouses when storing large quantities of reactive materials, such as lithium-ion batteries. A new 3D anisotropic homogeneous transient heat transfer model has been developed to predict fire risks, indicating that the presence of insulation materials can promote self-heating ignition, especially in warm environments.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jialong Liu, Zonghou Huang, Jinhua Sun, Qingsong Wang
Summary: Slight overcharging cycling can lead to increased temperatures and thermal runaway in batteries due to charge control malfunction. The increase in internal resistance and heat generation from side reactions contribute to the elevated temperatures. Controlling state of charge (SOC) and temperature during charging is crucial.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Weiguang An, Yongcheng Lu, Fengkai Liu, Tao Wang, Wenshu Xu, Zhi Wang
Summary: This study conducted a series of thermal runaway tests to explore the thermal safety of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The results demonstrate that increasing the state of charge (SOC) intensifies the impact of fires, while reducing the spacing enhances the thermal effect of flames on the batteries. Moreover, a simplified model is developed to predict the heat release rate (HRR) of LIBs.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zijian Li, Peihong Zhang, Rongxue Shang
Summary: In practice, the heat source that triggers thermally induced failures of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) can be located inside or outside the battery enclosure (BE). This study investigated the effect of the heat source location on the thermal runaway (TR) propagation characteristics of LIBs through thermal abuse experiments. The results showed that when the heat source was outside the BE, the first TR in the LIB module was significantly delayed, but the TR propagation speed, maximum cell temperature, and mass loss were higher compared to when the heat source was inside the BE. The study also analyzed the effect of BE thermal conductivity on the TR propagation of LIBs and calculated the no-return temperature of the cell in the BE for the first time. This research deepens the understanding of TR propagation behavior in practical applications and provides guidance for the safe design of LIBs.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jian Hu, Tong Liu, Qi Tang, Xishi Wang
Summary: This study investigates the thermal runaway (TR) propagation in lithium ion batteries (LIB) during charging. The findings show that the higher the charging rate, the shorter the TR propagation time and the lower the onset temperature. Current redistribution and side reaction heat also play significant roles in heat accumulation. Reducing the thermal conductivity between cells can help mitigate TR propagation.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
William Q. Walker, Kylie Cooper, Peter Hughes, Ian Doemling, Mina Akhnoukh, Sydney Taylor, Jacob Darst, Julia Billman, Matthew Sharp, David Petrushenko, Rhodri Owen, Martin Pham, Thomas Heenan, Alexander Rack, Oxana Magdsyuk, Thomas Connolley, Dan Brett, Paul Shearing, Donal Finegan, Eric Darcy
Summary: Consideration of thermal runaway heat output variability is crucial for the development of safe lithium-ion battery assemblies. This study compares the thermal runaway heat output of three different cell formats under different trigger methods and finds that nail penetration tends to result in higher heat output for larger cells, with a higher fraction of total energy being released. However, smaller cells do not show significant variation in heat output. This suggests that worst-case scenario heat output can be achieved in assembly level testing for smaller cells regardless of the trigger method used.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhenwen Hu, Xuanze He, Francesco Restuccia, Han Yuan, Guillermo Rein
Summary: This study discusses the risk of self-heating ignition in large-scale stored Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), highlighting the potential fire hazards posed by spontaneous side reactions and the lower critical ambient temperature for ignition in large LIB ensembles. The research provides insights into the fire safety of Li-ion batteries and emphasizes the importance of considering size and heat transfer effects in LIB ignition to prevent potential fire incidents during storage and transport.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Changyong Jin, Yuedong Sun, Huaibin Wang, Yuejiu Zheng, Shuyu Wang, Xinyu Rui, Chengshan Xu, Xuning Feng, Hewu Wang, Minggao Ouyang
Summary: This paper investigates the effects of heating power and heating energy on the thermal runaway propagation characteristics of lithium-ion battery modules, and reveals the mechanism of thermal runaway triggered by external heating. The pre-heating effect is discovered as the primary cause of acceleration of propagation time interval. The model-based battery safety tool plays an important role in research and development.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ruirui Li, Zhihao Liu, Siqi Zheng, Chengshan Xu, Jieyu Sun, Siqi Chen, Huaibin Wang, Languang Lu, Tao Deng, Xuning Feng
Summary: This study proposes a novel thermal barrier consisting of nano-ceramic fiber, phase change materials, and mica cross skeleton to effectively prevent the thermal runaway propagation in lithium ion batteries. The thermal barrier exhibits good heat insulation and compressive strength, reducing the maximum temperature of the battery by about 10 degrees Celsius during charging and discharging conditions. The findings provide guidance for the safety design of large capacity lithium ion battery systems, contributing to the potential safety protection of next-generation electric vehicles and energy storage systems.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiahao Cao, Ziye Ling, Shao Lin, Yangjing He, Xiaoming Fang, Zhengguo Zhang
Summary: This study proposes a novel passive battery thermal management system based on inorganic composite phase change material (CPCM) – sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT)/expanded graphite (EG). The effectiveness of SAT/EG in inhibiting thermal runaway (TR) propagation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is experimentally and numerically verified. The findings offer valuable guidance for analyzing the thermal behaviors of other decomposition reactions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jian Sun, Guishu Li, Song Xie, Yuanhua He
Summary: The effects of airflow rate on the thermal runaway propagation characteristics of different arrangements of lithium-ion batteries in a low pressure environment are studied. The results show that increasing airflow rate leads to a more vigorous thermal runaway reaction and a higher peak temperature. The onset time of thermal runaway shows a trend of initially shortening and then delaying with increasing airflow rate. Additionally, increasing the number of batteries results in a longer thermal runaway time for a single battery.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jun Fang, Jiangning Cai, Xuanze He
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the effects of SOC and spacing on vertical thermal runaway propagation between lithium-ion battery cells. Results showed that thermal runaway only occurred when SOC was above 50%, with critical spacings triggering propagation at 4 mm and 6 mm for 80% and 100% SOC batteries. The flame was identified as the key reason for propagation, rather than conduction, and the minimum energy required to trigger propagation for the upper battery was found to be 5 kJ.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kaiyu Zou, Qian Li, Shouxiang Lu
Summary: This study investigates the thermal runaway and fire behaviors of 78 Ah LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 pouch batteries under different incident heat fluxes. The results show that the heat released from the cathode can be ignored, and there is a correlation between the time to ignition and the incident heat flux. Additionally, a flame centerline temperature distribution model is established, providing insights for thermal protection and evaluation.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zonghou Huang, Jialong Liu, Hongju Zhai, Qingsong Wang
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics and mechanism of thermal runaway (TR) and its propagation in lithium-ion batteries induced by overcharging and overheating. Results show that TR induced by overcharging is more severe than that induced by overheating, with a constant critical thermal energy for fully charged batteries.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fabian Menz, Bruno Bausch, Joaquin Klee Barillas, Olaf Boese, Michael A. Danzer, Markus Hoelzle
Summary: This research introduces a method for designing safe battery systems using a heat-absorbing barrier and validates its effectiveness through modeling and testing. The results demonstrate effective prevention of thermal runaway propagation with the barrier, highlighting the importance of optimizing barrier thickness in the design strategy.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yih-Shing Duh, Chen-San Kao, Wen-Lian William Lee
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2017)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yih-Shing Duh, Hsiang-Yu Kuo, Chen-Shan Kao
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2017)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yih-Shing Duh, Yu-Ling Chen, Chen-Shan Kao
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2017)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yih-Shing Duh, Chen-San Kao, Wen-Lian William Lee
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2017)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yih-Shing Duh
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2016)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yih-Shing Duh, Chih-Yi Lee, Yu-Ling Chen, Chen-Shan Kao
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2016)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yih-Shing Duh, Meng-Ting Tsai, Chen-Shan Kao
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2017)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yih-Shing Duh, Kai Hsuan Lin, Chen-Shan Kao
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2018)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tsai-Ying Hsieh, Yih-Shing Duh, Chen-Shan Kao
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2014)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yih-Shing Duh, Chen-Shan Kao, Wei-Jie Ou, Jing-Ming Hsu
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2014)
Article
Thermodynamics
Y. C. Li, Y. S. Duh, J. M. Hsu, C. S. Kao
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2014)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yih-Shing Duh, Wen-Fang Wang, Chen-Shan Kao
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2014)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wei-Jie Ou, Chen-Shan Kao, Yih-Shing Duh, Jing-Ming Hsu
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2014)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yu-Yun Sun, Tsai-Ying Hsieh, Yih-Shing Duh, Chen-Shan Kao
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2014)