Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ying Jiang, Hong Zhu, Zi Chen, Yi-Chen Yu, Xiao-Han Guo, Yuan Chen, Meng-Meng Yang, Bang-Wu Chen, Matthew Sagnelli, Dong Xu, Bai-Hui Zhao, Qiong Luo
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) exposure in the second half of pregnancy on hepatic glucose intolerance. By creating a GDM mouse model, the researchers found that the first generation of GDM offspring exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, predominantly in males. The downregulation of the imprinted genes IGF2 and H19, as well as their abnormal methylation, were identified as potential molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. The study also suggested that intrauterine hyperinsulinemia may contribute to these genetic alterations.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicole A. Teaney, Nicole E. Cyr
Summary: FoxO1 proteins play an important role in metabolic tissues associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but their specific roles are controversial. The effects of FoxO1 activity vary in different tissue types, with enhanced FoxO1 alleviating symptoms in some tissues while exacerbating them in others. Current research focuses on studying FoxO1's impact on insulin secretion, hepatic glucose production, lipogenesis, and muscle atrophy. Additionally, FoxO1 has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fiona Bragg, Christiana Kartsonaki, Yu Guo, Michael Holmes, Huaidong Du, Canqing Yu, Pei Pei, Ling Yang, Donghui Jin, Yiping Chen, Dan Schmidt, Daniel Avery, Jun Lv, Junshi Chen, Robert Clarke, Michael Hill, Liming Li, Iona Millwood, Zhengming Chen
Summary: Metabolites across diverse pathways were independently associated with the risk of T2D in Chinese adults, providing valuable etiological insights and potential to improve T2D risk prediction.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fiona Bragg, Christiana Kartsonaki, Yu Guo, Michael Holmes, Huaidong Du, Canqing Yu, Pei Pei, Ling Yang, Donghui Jin, Yiping Chen, Dan Schmidt, Daniel Avery, Jun Lv, Junshi Chen, Robert Clarke, Michael Hill, Liming Li, Iona Millwood, Zhengming Chen
Summary: A study conducted on Chinese adults found that circulating metabolites are independently associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), providing valuable insights into the etiology of the disease and potential for improving T2D risk prediction.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bei Yang, Li Yuan, Wei Zhang, Quancai Sun, Ruichang Gao
Summary: The study found that KIWHHTF can improve insulin resistance through the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and it can also affect the levels of metabolites, among which UDP-GlcNAc, DGA and 1-methyladenosine are potential biomarkers for IR.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rania Alaaeldin, Iman A. M. Abdel-Rahman, Heba Ali Hassan, Nancy Youssef, Ahmed E. Allam, Sayed F. Abdelwahab, Qing-Li Zhao, Moustafa Fathy
Summary: The study investigated the potential antidiabetic activity of carpachromene on glucose metabolism and insulin signaling, revealing its impact on cell metabolism and signaling pathways through various mechanisms.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lowell Dilworth, Aldeam Facey, Felix Omoruyi
Summary: Adipose tissues, particularly brown and white adipose tissues, play key roles in communication and insulin sensitivity in the development and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Adipocytokines produced by adipose tissues, like leptin and adiponectin, vary in conditions such as metabolic dysfunction, diabetes, and inflammation. The regulation of satiety, energy metabolism, and insulin release by adipose tissues indicates their significance in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yanjing Li, Yuanlin Tang, Sirong Shi, Shaojingya Gao, Yun Wang, Dexuan Xiao, Tianyu Chen, Qing He, Junjiang Zhang, Yunfeng Lin
Summary: The study demonstrates that tFNAs can improve hepatic insulin resistance by activating the IRS-1/PI3K/Akt pathway, leading to increased glucose uptake, promoted hepatic cell proliferation, reduced cell apoptosis, and lowered blood glucose levels in a T2DM mouse model. This highlights the potential application of tFNAs in improving T2DM through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Xiaoyun He, Gaoyan Kuang, Yongrong Wu, Chunlin Ou
Summary: Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by cells and can carry various cargo including RNA, DNA, proteins, and metabolites. Studies have shown that exosomal microRNAs play a crucial role in the progression of diseases such as diabetes mellitus, affecting processes like pancreatic beta-cell injury and insulin resistance. Understanding the mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs in diabetes mellitus can provide valuable insights for identifying diagnostic biomarkers and drug targets.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marina Mora-Ortiz, Juan F. Alcala-Diaz, Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zuniga, Antonio Pablo Arenas-de Larriva, Fernando Abollo-Jimenez, Diego Luque-Cordoba, Feliciano Priego-Capote, Maria M. Malagon, Javier Delgado-Lista, Jose M. Ordovas, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Antonio Camargo, Jose Lopez-Miranda
Summary: This study identified 12 endogenous metabolites with the potential to predict T2DM remission. These metabolites, combined with clinical variables, can be used to provide more precise therapy.
Article
Hematology
Jing-gang Xia, Bowen Li, Hao Zhang, Qin-xue Li, Sin Man Lam, Chun-lin Yin, He Tian, Guanghou Shui
Summary: This study used quantitative metabolomics to investigate the metabolic differences in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with and without diabetes. The findings revealed that diabetes-AMI patients had more severe metabolic dysregulation, involving multiple pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and amino acid metabolism. The key functional metabolites N-lactoyl-phenylalanine and lysophosphatidylcholines were identified, which were associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, glucose utilization, and inflammation, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets for diabetes-AMI.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Faraz Alizadeh, Amanda O'Halloran, Areej Alghamdi, Charlotte Chen, Maria Trissal, Avram Traum, Danielle DeCourcey
Summary: This is a novel case of a 16-month-old boy with a rare combination of prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction, microcephaly, pachygyria, agenesis of the corpus callosum, postnatal embolic stroke, new-onset diabetes mellitus with diabetic ketoacidosis, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, and atypical hemolytic syndrome (aHUS). The patient showed remarkable insulin resistance before aHUS diagnosis, which improved after eculizumab therapy, suggesting a potential connection between COVID-19 and complement-mediated microangiopathic thrombotic disease. Whole-exome sequencing did not reveal a clear etiology for aHUS, indicating that this could be a case of COVID-19-triggered aHUS rather than an idiopathic one unmasked by the infection.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Robert Modzelewski, Magdalena Maria Stefanowicz-Rutkowska, Wojciech Matuszewski, Elzbieta Maria Bandurska-Stankiewicz
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus is the most common medical complication in pregnancy, affecting approximately 15% of pregnancies worldwide. It increases the risk of complications and may lead to the development of type 2 diabetes in both the mother and infant. The increasing incidence of GDM also poses a significant economic burden.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jung Eun Yoo, Dahye Kim, Kyungdo Han, Sang Youl Rhee, Dong Wook Shin, Hyun Lee
Summary: The study found that there is an association between diabetes status and the development of tuberculosis. Individuals with diabetes have a higher risk of developing tuberculosis compared to those without diabetes, and the risk of tuberculosis increases with longer duration of diabetes.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jingqian Su, Lu Tang, Yingsheng Luo, Jingran Xu, Songying Ouyang
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the structure and function of INSR and IRS proteins, as well as the drugs used for the treatment of diabetes. It serves as a valuable reference for the advancement of novel therapeutic agents for diabetes management.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)