期刊
JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
卷 52, 期 3, 页码 441-450出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12406
关键词
chloroplast genome; divergence time; genome and gene evolution; Gracilariaceae; Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis; regions of plasmid remnants
资金
- The Twelfth Five-Year-Plan in National Science and Technology for the Rural Development in China [2012AA10A411]
- National Special Research Fund for Non-Profit Marine Sector [201105021-8]
- Projects of Independent Innovation in Shandong Province [2013CXC80202]
The complete chloroplast genome of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis was recovered from a Next Generation Sequencing data set. Without quadripartite structure, this chloroplast genome (183,013 bp, 27.40% GC content) contains 202 protein-coding genes, 34 tRNA genes, 3 rRNA genes, and 1 tmRNA gene. Synteny analysis showed plasmid incorporation regions in chloroplast genomes of three species of family Gracilariaceae and in Grateloupia taiwanensis of family Halymeniaceae. Combined with reported red algal plasmid sequences in nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, we postulated that red algal plasmids may have played an important role in ancient horizontal gene transfer among nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial genomes. Substitution rate analysis showed that purifying selective forces maintaining stability of protein-coding genes of nine red algal chloroplast genomes over long periods must be strong and that the forces acting on gene groups and single genes of nine red algal chloroplast genomes were similar and consistent. The divergence of Gp. lemaneiformis occurred similar to 447.98 million years ago (Mya), close to the divergence time of genus Pyropia and Porphyra (443.62 Mya).
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