Article
Immunology
Jolanda Steininger, Raphael Rossmanith, Christoph B. Geier, Alexander Leiss-Piller, Lukas Thonhauser, Simone Weiss, Johannes A. Hainfellner, Michael Freilinger, Wolfgang M. Schmidt, Martha M. Eibl, Hermann M. Wolf
Summary: X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP1) is a combined immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the SH2D1A/SAP gene, leading to severe immune dysregulation, particularly in clearing Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV) infections. Clinical manifestations range from life-threatening conditions like hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and infectious mononucleosis (FIM) to lymphoma and antibody deficiencies. Rare manifestations can include aplastic anemia and vasculitis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio Parrella, Arcangelo Iannuzzi, Mario Annunziata, Giuseppe Covetti, Raimondo Cavallaro, Emilio Aliberti, Elena Tortori, Gabriella Iannuzzo
Summary: This article reviews the main drugs used in hematology with side effects on lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis, detailing their mechanisms of action and suggesting the most effective therapies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sherif Roman, Nader Mekheal, Shani Tal, Patrick Michael
Summary: Early diagnosis of vascular complications in HIV-infected patients is crucial but challenging, as aneurysms are typically silent and located deeply. These aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until rupture unless incidentally discovered.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Andrew N. Bubak, Cheryl Beseler, Christina N. Como, Christina M. Coughlan, Noah R. Johnson, James E. Hassell, Anna M. Burnet, Teresa Mescher, D. Scott Schmid, Colin Coleman, Ravi Mahalingam, Randall J. Cohrs, Timothy D. Boyd, Huntington Potter, Ali H. Shilleh, Holger A. Russ, Maria A. Nagel
Summary: This study found that VZV infection increases levels of amyloidogenic peptides and amyloid in CSF and qHPNCs, indicating a potential role in persistent arterial inflammation in VZV vasculopathy. Additionally, a novel proviral function of amylin was identified during infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Andreja Cokan Vujkovac, Bojan Vujkovac, Srdjan Novakovic, Milan Stevanec, Miso Sabovic
Summary: Patients with Fabry disease exhibit thicker vascular walls and dilated common carotid arteries compared to healthy controls. However, they show reduced flow-mediated dilation and fewer atherosclerotic plaques. Inflammatory markers are significantly higher in Fabry patients, suggesting a complex vascular phenotype in this disease.
Article
Virology
Letizia Santinelli, Gabriella De Girolamo, Cristian Borrazzo, Paolo Vassalini, Claudia Pinacchio, Eugenio Nelson Cavallari, Maura Statzu, Federica Frasca, Mirko Scordio, Camilla Bitossi, Agnese Viscido, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Massimo Mancone, Claudio Maria Mastroianni, Guido Antonelli, Gabriella d'Ettorre, Carolina Scagnolari
Summary: The study revealed elevated levels of IFN-I in HIV-1 infected patients, which were associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease risk.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ditte Marie Kirkegaard-Klitbo, Flemming Bendtsen, Jens Lundgren, Robert J. de Knegt, Klaus Fuglsang Kofoed, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Thomas Benfield
Summary: The prevalence of elevated liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was higher in people with HIV compared to population controls. Factors independently associated with elevated LSM included older age, higher BMI, elevated ALT levels, previous exposure to didanosine, and positive HIV status.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Liang Luo, Huiying Liang, Luoying Liu
Summary: The study found that myristicin plays a role in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of human vascular smooth muscle cells and umbilical vein endothelial cells, and this effect is achieved by regulating the PI3K/Akt/NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Myristicin may be a new potential drug for AS treatment.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Tanner I. Kim, Kara Hessel, Kristine C. Orion
Summary: This multicenter study investigated characteristics, patterns, and repair of aneurysms in HIV-positive patients, finding that most had large vessel aneurysms, a high prevalence of saccular and multiple aneurysms, and low mortality rates despite high rates of complications. Additional studies are needed to further understand this rare entity.
ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Zhan Hu, Wendao Liu, Xiumeng Hua, Xiao Chen, Yuan Chang, Yiqing Hu, Zhenyu Xu, Jiangping Song
Summary: In this study, researchers used single-cell sequencing to investigate the cellular composition of human nondiseased cardiac arteries, identifying 25 subpopulations representing 10 main arterial cell types. They found specific vascular smooth muscle cell and fibroblast subpopulations in different arteries and predicted increased intercellular communication in atherosclerosis. The results provide a cell atlas for potential identification of vascular disease-associated cell populations and development of new therapeutic strategies.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Ya-Ting Huang, Fen-Fang Hong, Shu-Long Yang
Summary: This review summarizes AS biomarkers as predictors for VD for the first time and describes the direct mechanisms of AS causing VD from multiple aspects. The data indicate that AS is not only a pathogenic factor but also a comorbidity in VD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Zhengwei Wan, Jianhui Zhao, Liying Xu, Ping Sun, Ping Shuai, Kangning Li, Yixuan Zhang, Yan Chen, Qian Su, Xiaoqin Yao, Xue Li, Yuping Liu
Summary: Previous studies have shown that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can increase the risk of cervical cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). This study aims to investigate the global burden of HIV-associated cervical cancer. The results show that the burden of HIV-associated cervical cancer has increased over the past 30 years, with the highest burden in Eastern and Southern Africa. The Eastern Europe and Central Asia regions have also experienced a significant increase in burden. It is important to prioritize HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening for women living with HIV in these regions.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Victoria A. Cornelius, Jenna R. Fulton, Andriana Margariti
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in diabetic individuals, with atherosclerosis being the main driver of diabetic vascular complications. Research has shown that diabetes can lead to endothelial dysfunction, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Alternative splicing plays a crucial role in vascular health, with mis-splicing having critical implications in disease development.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pedro Martinez-Ayala, Guillermo Adrian Alanis-Sanchez, Monserrat Alvarez-Zavala, Karina Sanchez-Reyes, Vida Veronica Ruiz-Herrera, Rodolfo Ismael Cabrera-Silva, Luz Alicia Gonzalez-Hernandez, Carlos Ramos-Becerra, Ernesto Cardona-Munoz, Jaime Federico Andrade-Villanueva
Summary: This study investigated the effect of one year of ART on arterial stiffness, inflammatory, and vascular cytokines in treatment-naive HIV(+) individuals. The results showed that ART treatment reduced inflammation and vascular cytokines and improved arterial stiffness.
Article
Immunology
Jesica Hayon, Sofia Lupo, Cristina Poveda, Kathryn M. Jones, Qian Qian, Hulin Wu, Thomas P. Giordano, Charles J. Fleischmann, Caryn Bern, Jeffrey D. Whitman, Eva H. Clark
Summary: This article reports the results of a Chagas disease screening strategy applied at a large HIV clinic, emphasizing the importance of improving screening strategies.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)