Article
Cell Biology
Hyobin Julianne Lim, Haejin Yoon, Hyeyeon Kim, Yun-Won Kang, Ji-Eun Kim, Oh Youn Kim, Eun-Young Lee, Jean-Claude Twizere, Janusz Rak, Dae-Kyum Kim
Summary: This study classified human EV proteomic datasets into two main categories based on distinct centrifugation protocols commonly used for isolating sEV or lEV fractions. Characteristic profiles of sEV and lEV proteins linked to their respective biogenetic origins were identified, along with evidence for the existence of EV subtype-specific protein recruiters through protein-protein interaction network analysis. Functional modules enriched in each fraction were also identified, suggesting specific protein markers and signatures for quality control in isolation procedures for subtype-enriched EV fractions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Andrew Chin, Javier Mariscal, Minhyung Kim, Giorgia Guerra, Blandine Victor, Chen Qian, Elisabetta Broseghini, Edwin Posadas, Michael R. Freeman, Shivani Sharma, Paolo Gandellini, Nadia Zaffaroni, Sungyong You, Keith Syson Chan, Jlenia Guarnerio, Muller Fabbri, Dolores Di Vizio
Summary: This study reveals a novel mechanism of extracellular vesicles (EVs) shedding, in which the inhibition of SEC23A by miR-1227 induces a shift in EV shedding, favoring the shedding of large EV over small EV.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joao Vasco Ferreira, Ana da Rosa Soares, Jose Ramalho, Catarina Maximo Carvalho, Maria Helena Cardoso, Petra Pintado, Ana Sofia Carvalho, Hans Christian Beck, Rune Matthiesen, Monica Zuzarte, Henrique Girao, Guillaume van Niel, Paulo Pereira
Summary: This article describes a mechanism in which proteins containing a KFERQ motif are loaded into a specific type of exosomes dependent on the membrane protein LAMP2A. This mechanism facilitates the transfer of hypoxia signaling to normoxic cells and provides a method for interorgan transfer of exosomes by tagging proteins with KFERQ-like sequences.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sajad Razavi Bazaz, Sareh Zhand, Robert Salomon, Elham Hosseini Beheshti, Dayong Jin, Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
Summary: This study used the ImmunoInertial microfluidics approach to isolate specific subpopulations of cancer-specific small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), demonstrating high efficiency and selectivity. The method has the advantages of high sensitivity, low cost, and ability to process samples of varying volumes, making it a promising strategy for cancer diagnosis and prognosis in liquid biopsies.
APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marta Lombardi, Martina Gabrielli, Elena Adinolfi, Claudia Verderio
Summary: ATP serves as a danger signal in the immune response by activating P2X and P2Y receptors to promote inflammation, with the P2X7 receptor being a critical player. ATP stimulation leads to cell proliferation, inflammasome activation, and extracellular vesicle release, which can transfer molecules to target cells. This review discusses the role of ATP in the biogenesis and dynamics of extracellular vesicles, highlighting their important functions in physiology and pathophysiology.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hannah M. McMillan, Meta J. Kuehn
Summary: This study reveals distinct differences in the protein composition and functional roles of bacterial extracellular vesicles from pathogenic and beneficial plant bacteria under different medium conditions.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wen Yin, Haitian Chen, Jianye Cai, Xing Huang, Lang Zhang, Yuzhi Xu, Jun Zheng, Si-Yang Liu, Xiaoyong Zou, Zong Dai, Yang Yang
Summary: Cells in different states release diverse extracellular vesicles (EVs) that play roles in cell communication and pathological processes. This study introduces a caliper strategy to identify and isolate structurally heterogeneous T-cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 EVs. The use of CD3-targeting aptamers assembled on gold nanoparticles allows distinguishing TCR-CD3 monomeric and dimeric EVs (m/dCD3 EVs) in skin-transplanted mouse plasma. Phenotyping and sequencing analysis reveal heterogeneity in the isolated m/dCD3 EVs, showing potential for mCD3 EVs as a biomarker for acute cellular rejection (ACR) and the ability to distinguish EV subpopulations based on protein oligomerization states.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahide Matsui, Futaba Osaki, Shu Hiragi, Yuriko Sakamaki, Mitsunori Fukuda
Summary: The study demonstrates that different types of small extracellular vesicles, known as exosomes, are differentially secreted from the apical and basolateral sides of polarized epithelial cells. Two independent machineries are responsible for the polarized exosome release from epithelial cells.
Review
Cell Biology
Ya-Juan Liu, Cheng Wang
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, membrane-bound structures released from cells that play a crucial role in intercellular communication. They have attracted significant clinical interest due to their potential in drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on EV targeting, binding, and uptake, as well as the factors influencing these interactions, such as EV properties, the cellular environment, and recipient cells. Despite the current limitations in our understanding, the field of EV-related intercellular communication is expanding, and further advancements are expected.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Daniel S. Lark, Thomas J. LaRocca
Summary: The study found that the expression of exosome biogenesis genes is affected by age in many cell populations mostly independent of senescence, and may be further altered in Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jae Hyung Park
Summary: This article discusses the significance of exosomes as intercellular messengers and their applications in disease diagnosis and treatment. The author aims to address delivery challenges of exosomes using expertise in the field of nanomedicine to develop improved therapies. The article summarizes recent preclinical efforts in the author's research group to regulate the fate of exosomes in vivo, along with future development ambitions.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yu-Guo Yuan, Jia-Lin Wang, Ya-Xin Zhang, Ling Li, Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza, Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
Summary: This review discusses the potential function of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSCs-EXOs) in various diseases including neurological, cancer, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases. It also highlights the potential use of MSCs-EXOs in treating COVID-19 inflammatory disease. Additionally, it provides an overview of exosome biogenesis, factors regulating it, strategies, and challenges of using MSCs-EXOs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Adria Razzauti, Patrick Laurent
Summary: Cilia are sensory organelles protruding from cell surfaces that can release extracellular vesicles (EVs) in some organisms. These EVs are formed by ciliated sensory neurons, with release from both the cilia tip and periciliary membrane compartment. The formation and release of EVs help maintain cilia composition.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jian Li, Ye Zhang, Pei-Yu Dong, Guo-Ming Yang, Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
Summary: All forms of life produce extracellular vesicles called exosomes, which are enclosed in lipid bilayer membranes, and function in cell-to-cell communication as well as in various physiological and pathological processes. Exosomes deliver bioactive components including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids to target cells. They have unique properties that make them ideal drug delivery vehicles, and can mediate cellular communication through the transfer of various bioactive molecules.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Nicolas Cheuk Hang Lau, Judy Wai Ping Yam
Summary: Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication and their biogenesis and function are important for understanding complex biological systems and developing novel therapies. This article outlines the steps in exosome biogenesis and absorption, as well as the major pathways and regulatory mechanisms. It also highlights the various mechanisms observed in cancer and suggests directions for improving study design in exosome biology. Further research is needed to elucidate the relationship between exosome biogenesis and function, which will aid the development of translational applications.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Denis Touroutine, Jessica E. Tanis
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Timothy Chaya, Shrey Patel, Erin M. Smith, Andy Lam, Elaine N. Miller, Michael Clupper, Kirsten Kervin, Jessica E. Tanis
Summary: A genome-wide RNAi screen was conducted to identify genes regulating the response to the pharmacological agonist levamisole at the NMJ in C. elegans. The screen identified genes important for muscle function and revealed a link between altered ATP synthesis and levamisole response. Results suggest that the paralytic effects of levamisole ultimately lead to metabolic exhaustion.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2021)
