4.8 Article

De novo protein design of photochemical reaction centers

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 13, 期 1, 页码 -

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NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32710-5

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  1. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, through the Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center (PARC), an Energy Frontier Research Center [DESC0001035]

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Natural photosynthetic protein complexes are complex and fragile, making reengineering efforts challenging. In this study, researchers developed a simplified artificial photosynthetic reaction center protein that can efficiently convert solar energy into fuel. The protein showed high stability, modular structure, and nanometer-scale photochemical charge separation, making it ideal for light-activated catalysis. This study demonstrates the potential of synthetic biology in creating genetically encoded, light-powered catalysts for solar fuel production.
Natural photosynthetic protein complexes capture sunlight to power the energetic catalysis that supports life on Earth. Yet these natural protein structures carry an evolutionary legacy of complexity and fragility that encumbers protein reengineering efforts and obfuscates the underlying design rules for light-driven charge separation. De novo development of a simplified photosynthetic reaction center protein can clarify practical engineering principles needed to build new enzymes for efficient solar-to-fuel energy conversion. Here, we report the rational design, X-ray crystal structure, and electron transfer activity of a multi-cofactor protein that incorporates essential elements of photosynthetic reaction centers. This highly stable, modular artificial protein framework can be reconstituted in vitro with interchangeable redox centers for nanometer-scale photochemical charge separation. Transient absorption spectroscopy demonstrates Photosystem II-like tyrosine and metal cluster oxidation, and we measure charge separation lifetimes exceeding 100 ms, ideal for light-activated catalysis. This de novo-designed reaction center builds upon engineering guidelines established for charge separation in earlier synthetic photochemical triads and modified natural proteins, and it shows how synthetic biology may lead to a new generation of genetically encoded, light-powered catalysts for solar fuel production. De novo development of a simplified photosynthetic reaction center protein can clarify practical engineering principles needed to build enzymes for efficient energy conversion. Here, the authors develop an artificial photosynthetic reaction center that functions without the need for sacrificial electron donors or acceptors.

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