Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Carla Navarro, Angel Ortega, Raquel Santeliz, Bermary Garrido, Maricarmen Chacin, Nestor Galban, Ivana Vera, Juan Bautista De Sanctis, Valmore Bermudez
Summary: Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells is a crucial characteristic that supports tumor development and resistance to conventional therapies. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of this reprogramming is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies.
Review
Oncology
Rilan Bai, Ying Meng, Jiuwei Cui
Summary: Metabolic reprogramming is a crucial process in cancer, contributing to malignant proliferation, tumor development, and treatment resistance. Various therapeutic drugs targeting metabolic reactions, transport receptors, and specific metabolic processes have been developed. This review explores the characteristics of metabolic changes in cancer cells, such as alterations in glycolytic pathways, lipid metabolism, and glutamine metabolism, and discusses how these changes promote tumor development and resistance. The progress and challenges of therapeutic strategies targeting different aspects of tumor metabolism, based on current research, are summarized.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yifei Wang, Man Tong
Summary: The posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins play a critical role in protein regulation, enhancing proteome functional diversity and participating in complicated biological processes. In cancer biology, PTMs have been shown to interact with pro-tumorigenic signaling pathways, contributing to neoplastic transformation, tumor recurrence, and resistance to therapy. Cancer stemness, which maintains tumor cell self-renewal and differentiation, is essential in cancer development and therapy resistance. Understanding the PTM profile for modulating cancer stemness has shed light on the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for gastrointestinal cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Ioannis Stouras, Maria Vasileiou, Panagiotis F. Kanatas, Eleni Tziona, Christina Tsianava, Stamatis Theocharis
Summary: In this review, the metabolic characteristics of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and normal stem cells are summarized, highlighting the significance and potential clinical value of CSC metabolism interventions.
Review
Cell Biology
Jana Janockova, Lucia Slovinska, Denisa Harvanova, Timea Spakova, Jan Rosocha
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are shown to have great potential in treating diseases through the secretion of exosomes, which are believed to be more effective than the cells themselves. Alternative approaches using MSC-derived exosomes offer promise in overcoming limitations in cell-based therapy. MSC-derived exosomes have significant therapeutic potential and are promising in regenerative medicine.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Quan-Wen Liu, Qi-Ming Huang, Han-You Wu, Guo-Si-Lang Zuo, Hao-Cheng Gu, Ke-Yu Deng, Hong-Bo Xin
Summary: Stem cell therapy has the potential to repair tissues and improve functional recovery, but faces challenges such as ethical barriers and immune rejection. Human amnion-derived stem cells (hADSCs) show advantages over other stem cells, including high pluripotency and immunomodulatory effects, making them a promising source for cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Hsi-Lung Hsieh, Ming-Chin Yu, Li-Ching Cheng, Ta-Sen Yeh, Ming-Ming Tsai
Summary: Gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) play a crucial role in anticancer treatment resistance, tumor progression, and metastasis in gastric cancer. However, the origin of GCSCs is still unclear. This review provides up-to-date information on GCSC surface/intracellular markers and GCSC-mediated pathways, as well as their role in tumor development. Targeting GCSCs with specific agents could enhance the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of gastric cancer.
WORLD JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili, Shamim Sahranavard, Astireh Salehi, Vahid Bagheri
Summary: Cancer stem cells play crucial roles in tumor progression, and novel therapeutic strategies targeting them, such as immunotherapy, metabolism-based approaches, and other potential methods, may offer better treatment outcomes compared to traditional therapies like chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivan Lucic, Matea Kurtovic, Monika Mlinaric, Nikolina Pitesa, Ana Cipak Gasparovic, Maja Sabol, Lidija Milkovic
Summary: Breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) are common and deadly cancers that affect women worldwide. These cancers are often diagnosed at an advanced stage, even though there are screening programs for BC. Recurrences occur frequently in both cancers due to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSC) or tumor-initiating cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ga-Ram Hwang, John G. Yuen, Jingfang Ju
Summary: Resistance to cancer treatment in GI cancers is partly attributed to the presence of cancer stem cells, which can be regulated by non-coding RNAs like miRNAs. Understanding the roles of miRNAs in GI CSCs is essential for developing effective cancer therapeutics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Jasmeet Kaur, Shalmoli Bhattacharyya
Summary: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have distinct metabolic characteristics, displaying intrinsic resistance to conventional therapies and the ability to switch between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism to adapt to different environments. Understanding and targeting the metabolic features of CSCs may provide effective strategies to prevent cancer relapse and metastasis.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wookyeom Yang, Dasol Kim, Dae Kyoung Kim, Kyung Un Choi, Dong Soo Suh, Jae Ho Kim
Summary: Ovarian cancer is a fatal gynecological malignancy, and its treatment remains a challenge. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in cancer relapse and treatment resistance, with their malignancy regulated by cell surface receptors and intracellular factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hector Mayani, Antonieta Chavez-Gonzalez, Karla Vazquez-Santillan, Jorge Contreras, Monica L. Guzman
Summary: This review article summarizes the biology of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their significance in tumor development. CSCs are not only capable of initiating tumor growth, but also drive tumor progression and metastasis, exhibit resistance to cancer drugs, and are responsible for cancer relapse. Therefore, CSCs are attractive targets for the development of more effective oncologic treatments.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yao Sun, Bo Li, Qian Cao, Tongjun Liu, Jiannan Li
Summary: Nanomaterials are rapidly developing in the medical field, bringing new hope for treating refractory diseases. This article summarizes the characteristics of gastrointestinal cancer stem cells and reviews the latest research progress in using polymer nanoparticles to target cancer stem cells for treating gastrointestinal malignant tumors. Additionally, it highlights the potential of polymer nanoparticles in targeting gastrointestinal cancer stem cells.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Hiroshi Kobayashi, Shintaro Watanuki, Keiyo Takubo
Summary: This review article introduces the methods, characteristics, and regulatory mechanisms of metabolic analysis of tissue stem/progenitor cells. Studying these aspects contributes to the advancement of stem cell biology and engineering, as well as the establishment of therapeutic approaches.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elisabetta Nardella, Federico Biscetti, Maria Margherita Rando, Andrea Leonardo Cecchini, Maria Anna Nicolazzi, Enrica Rossini, Flavia Angelini, Roberto Iezzi, Luis H. Eraso, Paul J. Dimuzio, Dario Pitocco, Massimo Massetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Andrea Flex
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between a panel of biomarkers and the risk of cardiovascular events and limb events after lower-extremity endovascular revascularization in diabetic patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI). Elevated levels of IL-1, IL-6, CRP, TNF-alpha, HMGB-1, OPG, and Sortilin, and low levels of Omentin-1 at baseline were found to be associated with worse vascular outcomes. Assessing the inflammatory state with this panel of biomarkers may help identify patients at higher risk of procedure failure and cardiovascular adverse events after revascularization.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Serena Porcari, Nicolas Benech, Mireia Valles-Colomer, Nicola Segata, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Cammarota, Harry Sokol, Gianluca Ianiro
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown promising results in preventing recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection, but its success in other diseases is limited. Factors influencing FMT success include donor and recipient-related factors, working protocols, and the degree of donor microbial engraftment. The use of advanced technologies for microbiome assessment and changes in the current vision of fecal transplants are expected to improve FMT outcomes. This review highlights key determinants of FMT success and strategies for integrating lab-based and clinical approaches.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giuseppe Marano, Marianna Mazza, Francesco Maria Lisci, Michele Ciliberto, Gianandrea Traversi, Georgios Demetrios Kotzalidis, Domenico De Berardis, Lucrezia Laterza, Gabriele Sani, Antonio Gasbarrini, Eleonora Gaetani
Summary: There is increasing interest in the role of intestinal microbiota and autoimmune processes in psychiatric diseases. Altered communication between the microbiota-gut-brain axis may be a cause of psychiatric disorders. This review explores the evidence for the involvement of gut microbiota in psychiatric diseases and the impact of diet on microbiota and mental health. Changes in gut microbiota composition can lead to increased intestinal permeability, resulting in a cytokine storm, systemic inflammation, and immune response. These events can affect neurotransmitter release, alter the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and reduce trophic brain factors. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms connecting gut microbiota and psychiatric disorders.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emanuele Rinninella, Raffaele Borriello, Marco D'Angelo, Tiziano Galasso, Marco Cintoni, Pauline Raoul, Michele Impagnatiello, Brigida Eleonora Annicchiarico, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Cristina Mele
Summary: Hospital malnutrition affects a significant portion of patients, and early assessment using the CONUT score can help predict hospital outcomes. This study aimed to determine the predictive role of the CONUT score in an Italian hospital, finding that CONUT was a reliable predictor of length of stay and in-hospital mortality.
Review
Oncology
Valerio Papa, Tommaso Schepis, Gaetano Coppola, Michele Francesco Chiappetta, Livio Enrico Del Vecchio, Tommaso Rozera, Giuseppe Quero, Antonio Gasbarrini, Sergio Alfieri, Alfredo Papa
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a difficult-to-treat disease, and exploring the role of microbiota in its development and treatment holds promise for improving outcomes. The gut, pancreatic, and oral microbiota have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, and changes in these microbiota can potentially be used for early diagnosis and predicting treatment response. Further research is needed to increase the available data in this promising area.
Review
Oncology
Irene Mignini, Maria Elena Ainora, Silvino Di Francesco, Linda Galasso, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Assunta Zocco
Summary: The role of gut microbiota and environmental factors in IBD-related CRC is still a burning question. The imbalance in gut microbiota composition, known as dysbiosis, can promote inflammation and tumorigenesis through complex pathways involving host genetics and environmental factors. The interactions between gut microbiota and the environment in tumorigenesis have mostly been studied in animal and in vitro models, and further research on humans is needed for clinical application of the collected data.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Federica Di Vincenzo, Alberto Nicoletti, Marcantonio Negri, Federica Vitale, Lorenzo Zileri Dal Verme, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani, Lucia Cerrito
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance in the hepato-biliary-pancreatic system, with metabolic and immunologic functions that influence the homeostasis of the whole organism and the pathogenesis of various diseases. Chronic liver disease and pancreatic disorders can cause imbalances in gut microbiota, leading to harmful consequences for the host's health. The modulation of gut microbiota through antibiotics represents a pioneering challenge with potential therapeutic opportunities, even for non-infectious diseases.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Marcello Fiorani, Ege Tohumcu, Livio Enrico Del Vecchio, Serena Porcari, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Gianluca Ianiro
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and is associated with various gastric and extra-gastric disorders. Colonization of H. pylori affects the gastric microenvironment and gastrointestinal microbiota by regulating factors such as acidity, immune responses, antimicrobial peptides, and virulence factors. Eradication therapies for H. pylori can negatively impact the gut microbiota, but integrating probiotics into the treatment has been shown to mitigate these effects and improve eradication rates and patient compliance. This article provides an overview of the complex interaction between H. pylori and the gastrointestinal microbiota, emphasizing the consequences of eradication therapies and the benefits of probiotic supplementation.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Matteo Garcovich, Mattia Paratore, Maria Elena Ainora, Laura Riccardi, Maurizio Pompili, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Assunta Zocco
Summary: The development of new applications in ultrasound imaging, especially elastography techniques, have strengthened the role of ultrasound in the management of liver disease. Among the new elastography techniques, shear wave dispersion has the potential to provide information about the viscosity of liver tissue and the pathologic state of the liver. Recent ultrasound devices have been embedded with software to evaluate shear wave dispersion/liver viscosity. This review discusses the feasibility and clinical applications of liver viscosity based on preliminary findings from animal and human studies.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Filippo Pelizzaro, Franco Trevisani, Vittorio Simeon, Alessandro Vitale, Umberto Cillo, Fabio Piscaglia, Gabriele Missale, Angelo Sangiovanni, Francesco G. Foschi, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Eugenio Caturelli, Maria Di Marco, Francesco Azzaroli, Maurizia R. Brunetto, Giovanni Raimondo, Gianpaolo Vidili, Maria Guarino, Antonio Gasbarrini, Claudia Campani, Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni, Edoardo G. Giannini, Andrea Mega, Alberto Masotto, Gian Ludovico Rapaccini, Donatella Magalotti, Rodolfo Sacco, Gerardo Nardone, Fabio Farinati
Summary: This study evaluated the incidence and predictors of non-transplantable recurrence in patients with single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) <= 5 cm treated with liver resection (LR). The results showed that HCC size >= 4 cm and high alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level at the time of LR were independent predictors of recurrence beyond established criteria. Microvascular invasion and microsatellite lesions were identified as additional independent risk factors for non-transplantable recurrence.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marco Biolato, Margherita Saracco, Anna Petti, Bruna Lavezzo, Alfonso Wolfango Avolio, Silvia Martini
LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mattia Paratore, Matteo Garcovich, Maria Elena Ainora, Livio Enrico Del Vecchio, Giuseppe Cuccia, Laura Riccardi, Maurizio Pompili, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Assunta Zocco
Summary: Ultrasound imaging is the preferred method for investigating abdominal symptoms and can diagnose various pathological conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. Ultrasound elastography, a recent technological advancement, allows the evaluation of tissue characteristics like neoplastic transformation or inflammation. It has been extensively used in studying liver diseases and other clinical settings, including gastrointestinal diseases. This paper summarizes the evidence of different ultrasound elastography modalities in non-liver gastrointestinal diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Leonardo Cecchini, Federico Biscetti, Matteo Manzato, Lorenzo Lo Sasso, Maria Margherita Rando, Maria Anna Nicolazzi, Enrica Rossini, Luis H. Eraso, Paul J. Dimuzio, Massimo Massetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Andrea Flex
Summary: This paper provides a literature review on pharmacotherapy for peripheral artery disease (PAD), focusing on the effects of different drug classes on inflammatory pathways. The study found that current treatments have anti-inflammatory properties that can potentially delay or prevent progression of PAD and improve outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Maria Cerreto, Ferdinando Cardone, Lucia Cerrito, Leonardo Stella, Francesco Santopaolo, Maria Pallozzi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the recent innovations in systemic treatments for unresectable locally advanced and metastatic HCC, including emerging therapies, with a particular focus on treatment sequences. It addresses the problem of second- and third-line therapies and explores possible future approaches for patients who progress beyond first-line therapies.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Lucia Cerrito, Maria Elena Ainora, Silvino Di Francesco, Linda Galasso, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Assunta Zocco
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common and important primary liver cancer, often associated with portal vein tumor thrombosis. Imaging evaluation, particularly contrast-enhanced ultrasound, is crucial for diagnosis and staging, enabling identification of different types of thrombosis and assisting in treatment planning and prognosis assessment.