Review
Cell Biology
Florent Peglion, Sandrine Etienne-Manneville
Summary: The authors discuss the role of cell polarity alteration in cancer development and its potential application in cancer prediction, diagnosis, and treatment. Abnormal polarity is a hallmark of cancer cells, while healthy cells and tissues have well-organized cell polarity. Key evolutionarily conserved proteins frequently undergo alterations in cancer, but their specific roles in oncogenic processes are not always clear.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John A. Fozard, Man Yu, William Bezodis, Jie Cheng, Jamie Spooner, Catherine Mansfield, Jordi Chan, Enrico Coen
Summary: Plant cells exhibit polarity, and this polarity can be coordinated through mechanical stresses. In cotyledons, there are two coordinated biases in planar polarity: mediolateral and proximodistal. These biases are not significantly affected by applied tension.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucia C. Zanotti, Florencia Malizia, Nahuel Cesatti Laluce, Aylen Avila, Macarena Mamberto, Luciano E. Anselmino, Mauricio Menacho-Marquez
Summary: Synucleins are small, soluble proteins mainly expressed in neural tissue and certain tumors. They have been extensively studied due to their association with severe human diseases. While their physiological function remains unclear, their involvement in neurodegeneration and cancer has been well described. This review summarizes the relationship between synucleins and cancer, discussing their structural features, role in tumor-related processes, and their potential use as cancer molecular biomarkers.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Da-Wei Lin, Yang Liu, Yue-Qi Lee, Po-Jiun Yang, Chia-Tse Ho, Jui-Chung Hong, Jye-Chian Hsiao, Der-Chien Liao, An-Jou Liang, Tzu-Chiao Hung, Yu-Chuan Chen, Hsiung-Lin Tu, Chao-Ping Hsu, Hsiao-Chun Huang
Summary: The construction of asymmetry and asymmetric cell division in Escherichia coli using oligomeric proteins and diffusion restriction provides a strategy for generating spatial gradients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stuti Khadka, Sara R. Druffner, Benjamin C. Duncan, Jonathan T. Busada
Summary: Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones known for their anti-inflammatory properties, but their effects on cancer development and progression, particularly on tumor immunity, are complex and contradictory. They are commonly used alongside radiation and chemotherapy to manage symptoms but may compromise anti-tumor immunity. This review examines the impact of glucocorticoids on cancer development and progression, focusing on their modulation of pro and anti-tumor immunity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Margaryta Shtin, Raffaele Dello Ioio, Marta Del Bianco
Summary: The root meristem in plants is a powerful system to study meristem development, with gibberellins emerging as a key regulator in this process.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Gloria Casas Gimeno, Judith T. M. L. Paridaen
Summary: Robust brain development requires neural stem cells to balance symmetric and asymmetric divisions, through the coordination of tissue growth, neuronal differentiation, and stem cell maintenance. Unequal distribution of cellular components during mitosis has emerged as a key mechanism in regulating division symmetry and sister cell fates.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiong Nan, Si Nian Char, Bing Yang, Eric J. Bennett, Bing Yang, Michelle R. Facette
Summary: Cell polarization prior to asymmetric cell division is crucial for correct cell division, cell fate, and tissue patterning. In maize stomatal development, WPR proteins have been identified as important players in the polarization of subsidiary mother cells (SMCs), interacting with PAN receptors and polarly accumulating in SMCs.
Review
Oncology
Alejandra Suares, Maria Victoria Medina, Omar Coso
Summary: Autophagy is a complex degradative process in which eukaryotic cells capture cytoplasmic components for degradation through lysosomal hydrolases. It has been linked to disease development modulation, including cancer, with a dual role of suppressing cancer cell advancement in early stages and promoting proliferation and metastasis in advanced settings. Autophagy plays a crucial role in regulating oncovirus fitness and determining host cell fate.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Hideki Izumi, Yasuhiko Kaneko, Akira Nakagawara
Summary: CD133, also known as prominin-1, is a well-known cancer stem cell marker associated with poor prognosis in many cancers. It was originally identified as a plasma membranous protein in stem/progenitor cells and is phosphorylated by Src family kinases. However, when Src kinase activity is low, CD133 is downregulated through endocytosis and associates with HDAC6, allowing it to localize to the centrosome. Recent studies have also revealed the involvement of CD133 endosomes in asymmetric cell division, providing insights into the regulation of autophagy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ning Li, Huifen Zhou, Van K. Holden, Janaki Deepak, Pushpa Dhilipkannah, Nevins W. Todd, Sanford A. Stass, Feng Jiang
Summary: Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) attaches to lung cancer cells by binding pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC) to platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR), stimulating cell proliferation and activating PI3K/AKT and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways, leading to a pro-inflammatory response. Lung cancer cells infected with SP form larger tumors in mice, and mice treated with both tobacco carcinogen and SP develop more lung tumors and have a shorter survival period. Mutating PspC or PAFR eliminates the tumor-promoting effects of SP. SP overabundance is associated with survival. SP may drive lung tumorigenesis by activating PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways through PspC-PAFR binding, providing a microbial target for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shanshan Chao, Fei Zhang, Huiwen Yan, Liuyang Wang, Liwen Zhang, Zhi Wang, Ruixin Xue, Lei Wang, Zhenzhen Wu, Bing Jiang, Guizhi Shi, Yuanchao Xue, Junfeng Du, Pengcheng Bu
Summary: We demonstrate that asymmetric division of colorectal cancer stem-like cells (CCSCs) plays a critical role in the establishment of intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) at the early stage of tumor progression. Through single-cell RNA-seq and functional validation, we identify seven cell subtypes in CCSC-derived xenografts, three of which are generated by asymmetric division. These subtypes have distinct functions and appear early in the xenografts. We also investigate the regulators controlling the generation of a chemoresistant and an invasive subtype, and show that targeting these regulators can alter the composition of cell subtypes and affect CRC progression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paras Jain, Sugandha Bhatia, Erik W. Thompson, Mohit Kumar Jolly
Summary: Phenotypic heterogeneity is a hallmark of aggressive cancer behavior and a clinical challenge. This study suggests that fluctuations or noise in content duplication and partitioning of the SNAIL gene during cell division can explain spontaneous phenotypic switching and dynamic heterogeneity in PMC42-LA cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi Zhang, Tongda Xu, Juan Dong
Summary: Asymmetric cell division (ACD) is a fundamental process in eukaryotic development that generates new cell types. Plant development provides a powerful system to study ACD due to its universal occurrence and importance. Significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms and key components involved in ACD in plants. This review provides an overview of how ACD is determined and regulated in different biological processes in plant development, highlighting the roles and mechanisms of phytohormones.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Dureen Samandar Eweis, Marie Delattre, Julie Plastino
Summary: The polarity of Diploscapter pachys embryo is achieved during meiosis, seemingly based on the location of the meiotic spindle, by a mechanism that may be present but suppressed in Caenorhabditis elegans.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
