期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 23, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073506
关键词
PCDH19; iPSCs; neurons; brain organoids; neurogenesis; disease model
资金
- Fondazione Bambino Gesu (Vite Coraggiose)
- Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente)
PCDH19 clustering epilepsy is a genetic disease with a heterogeneous phenotypic spectrum. The development of human brain organoids using induced pluripotent stem cell technology has provided insights into the pathomechanisms implicated in the disease.
PCDH19 clustering epilepsy (PCDH19-CE) is a genetic disease characterized by a heterogeneous phenotypic spectrum ranging from focal epilepsy with rare seizures and normal cognitive development to severe drug-resistant epilepsy associated with intellectual disability and autism. Unfortunately, little is known about the pathogenic mechanism underlying this disease and an effective treatment is lacking. Studies with zebrafish and murine models have provided insights on the function of PCDH19 during brain development and how its altered function causes the disease, but these models fail to reproduce the human phenotype. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has provided a complementary experimental approach for investigating the pathogenic mechanisms implicated in PCDH19-CE during neurogenesis and studying the pathology in a more physiological three-dimensional (3D) environment through the development of brain organoids. We report on recent progress in the development of human brain organoids with a particular focus on how this 3D model may shed light on the pathomechanisms implicated in PCDH19-CE.
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