Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Danhua Mei, Peng Zhang, Gehui Duan, Shiyun Liu, Ying Zhou, Zhi Fang, Xin Tu
Summary: The reforming of CH4 with CO2 using nanosecond pulsed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma shows promising results in enhancing gas conversion, but at the expense of energy efficiency. Increasing applied voltage and discharge length can enhance gas conversion, but decrease energy efficiency.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chunyu Wang, Ling Zhu, Fei Zhao, Danyun Xu
Summary: This study investigated the abatement of benzene in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. The results suggested that high discharge voltage facilitated the conversion of products to gaseous intermediates and CO2. Possible degradation mechanisms and pathways of benzene destruction in the DBD reactor were proposed.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Physics, Applied
Xiaozhong Chen, Hyun-Ha Kim, Tomohiro Nozaki
Summary: The plasma catalytic valorization of gases, particularly CH4 and CO2, has gained increasing attention. Efficient plasma-catalyst interaction is of key importance, but plasma catalysis is still poorly studied. This work discusses the challenging and important plasma-catalyst interaction, comparing different types of plasma and catalyst beds, with a focus on the fluidized-bed dielectric barrier discharge (FB-DBD) reactor. Ongoing research on FB plasma catalysis is reviewed and the superiority of FB-DBD to other candidates is critically evaluated.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
M. Umamaheswara Rao, Divakar Singh, K. V. S. S. Bhargavi, Ranjan Kumar Sahu, Saket Asthana, Ch. Subrahmanyam
Summary: Biogas, a renewable energy produced from the anaerobic decomposition of plants and animals, contains methane, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide. This study focuses on the influence of hydrogen sulfide on the conversion of methane and carbon dioxide during syngas production. The effects of applied voltage and different dielectric materials on biogas reforming reaction were investigated using a dielectric barrier discharge non-thermal plasma reactor. It was observed that hydrogen sulfide significantly affects the conversion, with methane conversion dropping from 23% to 9% and carbon dioxide conversion dropping from 18% to 11% in the presence of hydrogen sulfide.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Danhua Mei, Minjie Sun, Shiyun Liu, Peng Zhang, Zhi Fang, Xin Tu
Summary: Dry reforming of CH4 (DRM) using a plasma-enabled catalytic process is an attractive method for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, a water-cooled dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor was developed for plasma DRM reactions over supported catalysts. The results showed that metal loading enhanced the basic nature of the catalysts and promoted the formation of discharge channels and reactive species. Noble metal catalysts exhibited higher selectivity for hydrogen and carbon-containing gas products. The supported catalysts demonstrated higher stability and energy efficiency compared to unsupported catalysts.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xinrui Wang, Wei Guo, Shanshan Xu, Huanhao Chen, Xiaolei Fan
Summary: Flow arrangement in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor plays a crucial role in multi-component gas reactions. A stainless-steel membrane distributor-type DBD reactor was utilized to study the effect of gas flow arrangements on plasma-assisted CH4/CO2 co-conversion to syngas. The DBD reactor with CO2 fed in the quartz wool-packed discharge zone and CH4 distributed via the membrane exhibited excellent stability and performance, achieving steady CO2/CH4 conversions of approximately 25%/20%, H2/CO selectivities of around 50%/32%, H2/CO molar ratio of 0.9-1.1, and energy efficiency of about 0.20 mmol.kJ(-1) based on the conversion of feed gases.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Junqiang Xu, Yalin Liu, Huan Tian, Qiang Zhang, Wuyi Cao, Kaipeng Chen, Fang Guo
Summary: This study developed a catalyst with excellent performance by combining P123 addition and RF plasma treatment, which effectively improved the coke resistance of the catalyst and the stability of CH4/CO2 reforming.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xingyuan Gao, Jinglong Liang, Liqing Wu, Lixia Wu, Sibudjing Kawi
Summary: This paper provides a detailed summary of the applications of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma in catalytic CO2 hydrogenation, and discusses the design of the reactor and optimization of reaction parameters. Additionally, several mechanisms are explored and proposed solutions to existing challenges are provided.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Abhinav Bajpai, Shweta Mehta, Kavita Joshi, Sushant Kumar
Summary: Steam methane reforming was conducted in a dielectric barrier plasma reactor, and a systematic study was carried out to investigate the effects of input power, flow rate, and water on the conversion, yield, and selectivity of the reaction using specially designed catalysts. The production rate and selectivity of H2, CO, and C2 hydrocarbons were monitored. CeO2 was used as the packing material mixed with oxides of manganese or copper. The optimum Cu/CeO2 catalyst exhibited a production rate of 248.7 mmolg-1h-1 for H2 and 11.25 mmolg-1h-1 for CO at a specific energy input of 19.8 JL-1. DFT calculations showed a significant change in the electronic structure of CeO2 after the inclusion of oxides of manganese and copper, enhancing the interaction with methane. Based on these findings, a plausible mechanism was elucidated for the design of catalysts for other applications in a non-thermal plasma atmosphere.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Asif Hussain Khoja, Arslan Mazhar, Faisal Saleem, Muhammad Taqi Mehran, Salman Raza Naqvi, Mustafa Anwar, Sehar Shakir, Nor Aishah Saidina Amin, Muhammad Bilal Sajid
Summary: Catalysts play a significant role in gas processing applications, but synthesizing high-quality catalysts remains a challenge. Non thermal plasma techniques are of great interest for controlling the physicochemical properties of the catalyst.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ziyi Zhang, Honglei Ding, Qi Zhou, Weiguo Pan, Kaina Qiu, Xiaotian Mu, Junchi Ma, Kai Zhang, Yuetong Zhao
Summary: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in CO2 hydrogenation for the production of value-added chemicals and fuels such as CH4 and CH3OH. Among the various technologies, DBD plasma technology has gained attention for its easy handling, mild operating conditions, strong activation ability, and high selectivity. However, the reaction mechanism and the impact of packing materials and reaction parameters are still controversial. This review provides an overview of the reaction mechanism and discusses plasma-catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation, including packing materials, reaction parameters, and optimization methods. It presents the current status and recent findings in DBD plasma-catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation and explores possible directions for future development.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thitiporn Suttikul, Sasikarn Nuchdang, Dussadee Rattanaphra, Thongchai Photsathain, Chantaraporn Phalakornkule
Summary: This study investigated the dry reforming of CH4 using AgNi/Al2O3 and SnNi/Al2O3 catalysts in a parallel plate dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. The performance of the DBD reactor was significantly enhanced when using AgNi/Al2O3 and SnNi/Al2O3 due to their high electrical conductivity and anti-coke performances. Both catalysts achieved high conversion rates and selectivities with reduced coke formation. In addition, Sn enhanced the energy efficiency of the reaction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yuan Gao, Liguang Dou, Bowen Feng, Cheng Zhang, Tao Shao
Summary: This study reports a promising plasma approach for the catalysis-free partial oxidation of CH4 to produce hydrogen and value-added oxygenates. The ratios of air and Ar are found to be the main factors in controlling oxidation depth and liquid selectivity. The pulsed parameters also affect the reactant conversion and product distribution. The proper CH4/air/Ar ratio significantly improves the energy efficiency and H2O2 addition promotes CH3OH selectivity.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Shuai Zhang, Xin Zeng, Han Bai, Cheng Zhang, Tao Shao
Summary: In this study, a nanosecond pulsed spark discharge in CO2/CH4 mixture gas at atmospheric pressure was investigated using optical emission spectroscopy. The plasma parameters of the discharge were estimated by spectroscopic methods, providing key insights into the dry reforming reaction mechanism. The determination of plasma parameters offers essential data for subsequent reaction kinetics research of the plasma-assisted dry reforming of CH4.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Y. Uytdenhouwen, K. M. Bal, E. C. Neyts, V. Meynen, P. Cool, A. Bogaerts
Summary: Plasma reactors are being studied for gas-based chemical conversion, with a focus on the relationship between plasma chemistry and conditions. Experiments show differences in kinetic characteristics and partial chemical equilibrium states between CO2 dissociation and CH4 reforming reactions, and how these are influenced by combining both gases in the dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction. The addition of a packing material can also impact the conversion rate and equilibrium position, depending on the gas composition.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chuanlong Ma, Anton Nikiforov, Dirk Hegemann, Nathalie De Geyter, Rino Morent, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
Summary: This review presents recent advances in low-temperature plasma processing for controlling surface wettability. The underlying mechanisms, key features of fabrication processes, and water-surface interactions are discussed. It aims to guide further development of advanced functional materials.
INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xin Zeng, Shuai Zhang, Xiucui Hu, Cheng Zhang, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Tao Shao
Summary: With the increase in the greenhouse effect and reduction of fossil fuel resources, finding a feasible solution to directly convert power to chemicals using renewable energy is urgent. The power-to-chemicals approach, such as non-thermal plasma, electro-catalysis, and photo-catalysis, has shown great potential in the past two decades. This paper introduces the application of plasma technology in energy conversion, focusing on plasma-enabled ammonia synthesis and analyzing its state-of-the-art, mechanisms, and techno-economics. It emphasizes the importance of the power-to-chemicals approach in reducing carbon emissions and environmental pollution.
FARADAY DISCUSSIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Amandeep Singh Pannu, Suvankar Sen, Xiaodong (Tony) Wang, Robert Jones, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Prashant Sonar
Summary: Organic-inorganic hybrid lead trihalide perovskites have shown promise in various optoelectronic devices. Red-emitting perovskite-based LEDs have been less developed compared to green and blue ones. This study utilizes red-emitting 2D perovskites and carbon dots to create a stable composite material for red-emitting LEDs with improved performance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Darwin Kurniawan, Jacob Mathew, Michael Ryan Rahardja, Hoang-Phuc Pham, Pei-Chun Wong, Neralla Vijayakameswara Rao, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Wei-Hung Chiang
Summary: This study reports the development of smart anticancer drug nanocarriers through plasma engineering technique. The nanocarriers containing chitosan and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots can release drugs in a pH-responsive manner and exhibit enhanced toughness. The loaded nanocarriers demonstrate improved drug loading capability and stable release, showing great potential in cancer treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xin Zeng, Shuai Zhang, Yadi Liu, Xiucui Hu, Kostya Ken Ostrikov, Tao Shao
Summary: To meet global net-zero emission targets, sustainable and low-carbon alternatives are urgently needed for energy-intensive industrial processes like ammonia synthesis. In this study, plasma catalysis is used to achieve renewable-electricity-driven ammonia synthesis under mild conditions. By identifying energy loss pathways and optimizing process parameters, such as pulse voltage and gap distance, high ammonia yields with high energy efficiency and low emission footprint are obtained.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rusen Zhou, Dejiang Zhou, Baowang Liu, Lanlan Nie, Yubin Xian, Tianqi Zhang, Renwu Zhou, Xinpei Lu, Kostya Ken Ostrikov, Patrick J. Cullen
Summary: The addition of helium can enhance the synthesis of ammonia by modifying the energy transfer mechanism in the plasma, leading to more efficient activation of N2 and production of NH3.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Tianlai Xia, Yu Yang, Qiang Song, Mingchuan Luo, Mianqi Xue, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Yong Zhao, Fengwang Li
Summary: Recently, electrocatalytic reactions involving oxygen, nitrogen, water, and carbon dioxide have been developed to produce clean energy, fuels, and chemicals. Understanding catalyst structures, active sites, and reaction mechanisms is crucial for improving performance. In this review, we summarize state-of-the-art in situ characterisation techniques used in electrocatalysis, categorizing them into microscopy, spectroscopy, and other techniques. We discuss the capacities and limits of these techniques to guide further advances in the field.
NANOSCALE HORIZONS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jae Muk Lim, Young Seok Jang, Hoai Van T. Nguyen, Jun Sub Kim, Yeoheung Yoon, Byung Jun Park, Dong Han Seo, Kyung-Koo Lee, Zhaojun Han, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Seok Gwang Doo
Summary: To achieve a zero-carbon-emission society, increasing the use of clean and renewable energy is crucial. However, renewable energy resources have limitations in terms of geographical locations and limited time intervals for energy generation. Therefore, there is a rising demand for high-performance energy storage systems (ESSs) to effectively store and utilize energy during peak and off-peak periods. Supercapacitors, particularly electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs), show promise as short-term ESSs due to their long cycle retention, high power densities, fast charge/discharge characteristics, and moderate operating voltage window. However, further research is needed to increase the operating voltage and energy densities of EDLCs while maintaining long-term cycle stability and power densities, which are crucial for ESS operation. This article examines advancements in EDLC research to achieve a high operating voltage window and high energy densities for next-generation supercapacitor-based ESSs.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Liangliang Lin, Yunming Tao, Sergey A. Starostin, Chengdong Li, Hongyu Huang, Ailin He, Yingjun Wu, Volker Hessel, Kostya Ken Ostrikov
Summary: A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma was used to reactivate spent Pd/Al2O3 catalysts, and the gas composition in the plasma process affected the extent of coke elimination and electrochemical performance of the reactivated catalysts. The electrochemical performance was found to improve with the increase of gas flow rate and treatment time for Ar and N2 gases, but decrease for O2 gas. Higher oxidation degrees of Pd reduced the electrochemical performance. This study presents a new strategy for reusing waste catalysts in a simple and environment-friendly manner.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sanjib Sarkar, Jyoti K. Atul, Modhuchandra Laishram, Dandan Zou, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
Summary: The Farley-Buneman and Gradient Drift instabilities in a partially ionized dusty electrojet region were investigated using a fluid model. The effects of dissociative electron-ion recombination and dust charge fluctuation on the instabilities were considered. The dispersion relation describing the propagation of electrojet instabilities within the dust ion acoustic range in a magnetized partially ionized dusty plasma was solved numerically and analytically. The results showed that the Gradient Drift instability was unstable at a much longer wavelength compared to the Farley-Buneman instability. The threshold electron drift velocity for Farley-Buneman instability was affected by the charge on dust, with a decrease at lower altitudes and an increase at higher altitudes. Furthermore, the dissociative electron-ion recombination had a stronger damping effect than the dust charge fluctuation on both instabilities.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haotian Gao, Guoli Wang, Zhongzheng Huang, Lanlan Nie, Dawei Liu, Xinpei Lu, Guangyuan He, Kostya Ken Ostrikov
Summary: Nitrogen fixation is a crucial process for various biological and industrial processes, but it is also a major source of carbon emissions globally. In this study, a novel approach using plasma-activated mist (PAM) is proposed for efficient and sustainable nitrogen fixation. The PAM system generates nitrogen-fixation species through the reaction of air plasma and water mist, and the liquid-phase nitrogen fixation product is dominated by NO3-. This system is applied to deliver nitrogen-based nutrients directly to plant roots using an aeroponic system, leading to significant improvements in plant growth.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Pei-Chun Wong, Darwin Kurniawan, Jia-Lin Wu, Wei-Ru Wang, Kuan-Hao Chen, Chieh-Ying Chen, Ying-Chun Chen, Loganathan Veeramuthu, Chi-Ching Kuo, Kostya Ken Ostrikov, Wei-Hung Chiang
Summary: In this study, a multifunctional metal-based scaffold was developed for bone defect repair by combining nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dot hydrogel and magnesium alloy. Through in vivo study, it was found that this hybrid scaffold promoted faster, more uniform, and directional bone growth, showing great potential for application in bone defect repair.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Xu Han, Kostya Ken Ostrikov, Jeff Chen, Yao Zheng, Xiaoyong Xu
Summary: The persistent utilization of fossil fuels has led to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to solid carbon is considered a potential solution to environmental concerns due to its simplicity, precise control, and environmental friendliness. However, the strong carbon-oxygen bond and electrode degradation hinder the commercialization of this technology. Different strategies have been reported, including solid oxide electrolysis, molten salt and liquid metal reduction, and hybrid electro-thermochemical looping. This mini-review provides a systematic analysis of experimental conditions, mechanisms, and product morphologies, serving as a reference for future research in this emerging field.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Qilei Xu, Qianqian Wu, Chenglin Wang, Xiumei Zhang, Zhengyang Cai, Liangliang Lin, Xiaofeng Gu, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Haiyan Nan, Shaoqing Xiao
Summary: This study employed a two-step KI-assisted confined-space chemical vapor deposition method to prepare multilayer WSe2/SnS2 p-n heterojunctions. The optical characterization and electrical tests revealed clear interfaces and vertical heterostructures, as well as good rectification characteristics and high photoresponse. These performances are likely attributed to the ultra-low dark current generated in the depletion region and the high direct tunneling current during illumination.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jinyong Lin, Dong Li, Changhong Li, Ziqi Zhuang, Chengchao Chu, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Erik W. W. Thompson, Gang Liu, Peiyu Wang
Summary: Cancer cells are more susceptible to oxidative stress and nanomaterials-based therapies that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been effective in eliminating cancer cells. These therapies, including chemodynamic therapy, photodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy, as well as multi-modal therapies such as combination therapy, have shown significant inhibition of tumor growth. However, the limitations of multi-modal therapy in material preparation and operation protocols hinder its clinical application. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), as a reliable source of ROS, light, and electromagnetic fields, provides a simple alternative for implementing multi-modal treatments. Therefore, the emerging field of tumor precision medicine is expected to benefit from these promising multi-modal therapies based on ROS-generating nanomaterials and reactive media like CAPs.
