Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicholas J. Ayres, Zurab Berezhiani, Riccardo Biondi, Georg Bison, Kazimierz Bodek, Vira Bondar, Pin-Jung Chiu, Manfred Daum, Reza Tavakoli Dinani, Cornelis B. Doorenbos, Solange Emmenegger, Klaus Kirch, Victoria Kletzl, Jochen Krempel, Bernhard Lauss, Duarte Pais, Ingo Rienaecker, Dieter Ries, Nicola Rossi, Dagmara Rozpedzik, Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, Kazuo S. Tanaka, Jacek Zejma, Nathalie Ziehl, Geza Zsigmond
Summary: The Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) is conducting a new study on neutron to mirror-neutron oscillations using stored ultracold neutrons. The experiment features a large storage vessel to enhance statistical sensitivity. With the demonstrated performance, the study aims to detect or exclude potential signals consistent with neutron to mirror-neutron oscillations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zurab Berezhiani
Summary: This article discusses the oscillation of neutron n into mirror neutron n ' and the transformation of an ordinary neutron star into a mixed star, as well as the potential implications of the reverse process occurring in mirror neutron stars, particularly in relation to baryon asymmetry. It also highlights the presence of antimatter in mirror neutron stars and the potential pathways for its production.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mathew Thomas Arun
Summary: The detection of neutron-antineutron oscillation is of fundamental importance in particle physics and cosmology. Existing models suggest that this process is generated by heavy new physics with weak, perturbative coupling at the experimental scale. However, considering the ambiguity in the strength and scale of new physics, this paper discusses a new mechanism that generates low-energy baryon number violating effects by confining new physics at around 2 GeV. This mechanism predicts baryon number violating processes such as neutron disappearance, neutron-neutron annihilation, and neutron-antineutron oscillation generated through the condensation of the linear moose.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shrihari Gopalakrishna, Rakesh Tibrewala
Summary: In order to explain the observed asymmetry of baryon in the Universe, the standard model (SM) was extended by introducing a vector-vector dimension-six effective operator. This operator couples a new Dirac fermion x, which is uncharged under SM gauge symmetries but charged under baryon number, to a quarklike up-type fermion and two identical down-type fermions. Majorana masses were added to x, resulting in the split of the Dirac fermion into two Majorana fermions with unequal masses. The theory predicts violation of C and CP invariances, leading to a baryon asymmetry in x decay and scattering processes through interference between tree and loop amplitudes with on-shell intermediate states. Numerical estimates for the generated baryon asymmetry and neutron-antineutron oscillation rate are provided.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaladi S. Babu, Rabindra N. Mohapatra
Summary: The paper investigates the consistency of observable n - n' oscillations signal with asymmetric inflation and derives various theoretical constraints. The results show that the reheat temperature after inflation should be below 2.5 TeV, and a singlet fermion with a mass below 100 GeV is predicted.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
David McKeen, Maxim Pospelov, Nirmal Raj
Summary: Mirror sectors offer a new approach to investigating neutron-mirror neutron interactions, with neutron star temperatures serving as a powerful probe. The heating mechanism caused by the conversion of neutrons to mirror neutrons in neutron stars provides constraints on the strength of neutron-mirror-neutron mixing and offers a promising target for future telescope observations.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Trevor S. Tai, Hui Zuo, Siyuan He
Summary: This paper presents the first low-cost 3D LIDAR constructed from two 1D FPCB oscillation mirrors and one single-point LIDAR. It is suitable for AGV navigation and obstacle avoidance with low speed and acceleration, and has achieved certain performance indicators.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Prajwal Mohanmurthy, Albert R. Young, Jeff A. Winger, Geza Zsigmond
Summary: Baryon number violation is important for baryogenesis. The existence of mirror particles could lead to oscillation between neutrons and mirror-neutrons. Recent analysis of experiments searching for oscillation have found anomalies that could indicate the detection of neutron-mirror-neutron oscillation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Revaz Beradze, Merab Gogberashvili
Summary: Researchers propose that LIGO events GW190521, GW190425, and GW190814 may have originated from mirror world binaries, as specific assumptions required to explain these events are more likely in a mirror world scenario where star formation starts earlier and matter density can exceed five times the ordinary matter density.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
D. A. Testov, A. Boso, S. M. Lenzi, F. Nowacki, F. Recchia, G. de Angelis, D. Bazzacco, G. Colucci, M. Cottini, F. Galtarossa, A. Goasduff, A. Gozzelino, G. Jaworski, P. R. John, S. Lunardi, R. Menegazzo, D. Mengoni, A. Mentana, V Modamio, A. Nannini, D. R. Napoli, M. Palacz, M. Rocchini, M. Siciliano, J. J. Valiente-Dobon
Summary: In this study, Mirror Energy Differences (MED) between excited states in the A=31, T=1/2 mirror pair S-31 and P-31 were measured up to high spin yrast states of positive and negative parity. The MED values were described in the framework of the shell model with main contributions from the Coulomb interaction, but the isospin symmetry breaking term was also found to be important for reproducing experimental findings.
Article
Physics, Applied
Matthieu Davy, Clement Ferise, Elie Cheron, Simon Felix, Vincent Pagneux
Summary: This study demonstrates the broadband enhancement of transmission through an opaque barrier due to mirror symmetry in microwave measurements. The impact of mirror symmetry can be further increased by tuning the degree of disorder within the cavity. Symmetrically placing randomly located scatterers can lead to an additional enhancement of the conductance.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Raul Ciancarella, Francesco Pannarale, Andrea Addazi, Antonino Marciano
Summary: The presence of mirror dark matter in neutron star interiors affects the maximum mass and tidal deformability, requiring constraints on the amount of dark matter to meet existing limitations. Making assumptions on the amount of dark matter in neutron stars is necessary when using tidal deformability measurements to rule out equations of state.
PHYSICS OF THE DARK UNIVERSE
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Christoph Herb, Oliver Zimmer, Robert Georgii, Peter Boeni
Summary: Neutron scattering is a useful tool for studying the properties of condensed matter. However, certain experiments require small samples and specific environmental conditions. The nested mirror optics (NMO) presented in this study overcomes several challenges associated with other focusing devices. The NMO improves the focusing properties and beam transport efficiency of neutrons, making it suitable for various applications in neutron physics.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tiancong Zhu, Wei Ruan, Yan-Qi Wang, Hsin-Zon Tsai, Shuopei Wang, Canxun Zhang, Tianye Wang, Franklin Liou, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Jeffrey B. Neaton, Alexander Weber-Bargioni, Alex Zettl, Z. Q. Qiu, Guangyu Zhang, Feng Wang, Joel E. Moore, Michael F. Crommie
Summary: The authors used scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy to study the mirror twin boundaries in single-layer 1H-MoSe2 devices. By adjusting the electron density, they successfully visualized the electronic structure of the mirror twin boundaries and confirmed the presence of density wave excitations and spin-charge separation effects, in agreement with the predictions of the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid theory.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mauricio Hippert, Jack Setford, Hung Tan, David Curtin, Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler, Nicolas Yunes
Summary: The researchers used realistic equations of state and first-principle quantum chromodynamic calculations for the first time to find the structure of mirror neutron stars, enabling them to predict gravitational wave signals and demonstrate the ability to explore dark sectors connected to the hierarchy problem.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Zurab Berezhiani
Summary: A new mechanism for n-n transition is proposed, mediated by mixings between neutron and hypothetical states of mirror neutron and mirror antineutron. The transition probabilities depend on environmental conditions and can be resonantly amplified by applying a magnetic field. These mixings may be induced by new physics at the scale of few TeV, potentially leading to co-baryogenesis between different sectors.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. Addazi, K. Anderson, S. Ansell, K. S. Babu, J. L. Barrow, D. Baxter, P. M. Bentley, Z. Berezhiani, R. Bevilacqua, R. Biondi, C. Bohm, G. Brooijmans, L. J. Broussard, J. Cedercall, C. Crawford, P. S. B. Dev, D. D. DiJulio, A. D. Dolgov, K. Dunne, P. Fierlinger, M. R. Fitzsimmons, A. Fomin, M. J. Frost, S. Gardiner, S. Gardner, A. Galindo-Uribarri, P. Geltenbort, S. Girmohanta, P. Golubev, E. Golubeva, G. L. Greene, T. Greenshaw, V Gudkov, R. Hall-Wilton, L. Heilbronn, J. Herrero-Garcia, A. Holley, G. Ichikawa, T. M. Ito, E. Iverson, T. Johansson, L. Jonsson, Y-J Jwa, Y. Kamyshkov, K. Kanaki, E. Kearns, Z. Kokai, B. Kerbikov, M. Kitaguchi, T. Kittelmann, E. Klinkby, A. Kobakhidze, L. W. Koerner, B. Kopeliovich, A. Kozela, V Kudryavtsev, A. Kupsc, Y. T. Lee, M. Lindroos, J. Makkinje, J. Marquez, B. Meirose, T. M. Miller, D. Milstead, R. N. Mohapatra, T. Morishima, G. Muhrer, H. P. Mumm, K. Nagamoto, A. Nepomuceno, F. Nesti, V. V. Nesvizhevsky, T. Nilsson, A. Oskarsson, E. Paryev, R. W. Pattie, S. Penttil, H. Perrey, Y. N. Pokotilovski, I Potashnikovav, K. Ramic, C. Redding, J-M Richard, D. Ries, E. Rinaldi, N. Rizzi, N. Rossi, A. Ruggles, B. Rybolt, V Santoro, U. Sarkar, A. Saunders, G. Senjanovic, A. P. Serebrov, H. M. Shimizu, R. Shrock, S. Silverstein, D. Silvermyr, W. M. Snow, A. Takibayev, I Tkachev, L. Townsend, A. Tureanu, L. Varriano, A. Vainshtein, J. de Vries, R. Wagner, R. Woracek, Y. Yamagata, S. Yiu, A. R. Young, L. Zanini, Z. Zhang, O. Zimmer
Summary: The HIBEAM/NNBAR program is a proposed two-stage experiment at the European Spallation Source to search for baryon number violation, aiming to discover and characterize mixing in the neutron, antineutron, and sterile neutron sectors. This experiment addresses open questions related to baryogenesis, dark matter, and new physics scales, and has the potential to significantly increase sensitivity in neutron conversion probability tests.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Zurab Berezhiani, Riccardo Biondi, Massimo Mannarelli, Francesco Tonelli
Summary: The study examines the oscillation of neutrons into mirror neutrons and its impact on the structure of mixed stars, with transitions suppressed in quark stars. It also evaluates transition rates in neutron stars and discusses implications for the gravitational waves and associated electromagnetic signals from neutron star mergers. Findings suggest potential differences in radii among mixed stars of the same mass due to age differences.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
B. Belfatto, Z. Berezhiani
Summary: Recent high precision determinations reveal anomalies in the first row of the CKM matrix, suggesting the need for additional vector-like quarks at the TeV scale to explain the phenomena. Various combinations of extra quarks may be required to fully address all discrepancies. Future experiments can test these scenarios.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
G. H. Sargsyan, K. D. Launey, M. T. Burkey, A. T. Gallant, N. D. Scielzo, G. Savard, A. Mercenne, T. Dytrych, D. Langr, L. Varriano, B. Longfellow, T. Y. Hirsh, J. P. Draayer
Summary: In this study, we constrained recoil corrections in the beta decay of Li-8 by identifying a strong correlation between them and the Li-8 ground state quadrupole moment through large-scale ab initio calculations. These results are crucial for improving the sensitivity of high-precision experiments that investigate weak interaction theory and test physics beyond the standard model.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. T. Burkey, G. Savard, A. T. Gallant, N. D. Scielzo, J. A. Clark, T. Y. Hirsh, L. Varriano, G. H. Sargsyan, K. D. Launey, M. Brodeur, D. P. Burdette, E. Heckmaier, K. Joerres, J. W. Klimes, K. Kolos, A. Laminack, K. G. Leach, A. F. Levand, B. Longfellow, B. Maass, S. T. Marley, G. E. Morgan, P. Mueller, R. Orford, S. W. Padgett, A. Perez Galvan, J. R. Pierce, D. Ray, R. Segel, K. Siegl, K. S. Sharma, B. S. Wang
Summary: We present the most precise measurement of tensor currents in the low-energy regime by examining the beta-(nu) over bar correlation of trapped Li-8 ions with the Beta-decay Paul Trap. The measured result is consistent with the standard model prediction.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
L. J. Broussard, J. L. Barrow, L. DeBeer-Schmitt, T. Dennis, M. R. Fitzsimmons, M. J. Frost, C. E. Gilbert, F. M. Gonzalez, L. Heilbronn, E. B. Iverson, A. Johnston, Y. Kamyshkov, M. Kline, P. Lewiz, C. Matteson, J. Ternullo, L. Varriano, S. Vavra
Summary: There is an unexplained > 4 sigma discrepancy between beam and bottle measurements of the neutron lifetime. A new proposed model suggests that conversions of neutrons into mirror neutrons can increase the apparent neutron lifetime by 1% via a small mass splitting between the two states. However, a search performed at a higher magnetic field excludes this explanation for the neutron lifetime discrepancy.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicholas J. Ayres, Zurab Berezhiani, Riccardo Biondi, Georg Bison, Kazimierz Bodek, Vira Bondar, Pin-Jung Chiu, Manfred Daum, Reza Tavakoli Dinani, Cornelis B. Doorenbos, Solange Emmenegger, Klaus Kirch, Victoria Kletzl, Jochen Krempel, Bernhard Lauss, Duarte Pais, Ingo Rienaecker, Dieter Ries, Nicola Rossi, Dagmara Rozpedzik, Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, Kazuo S. Tanaka, Jacek Zejma, Nathalie Ziehl, Geza Zsigmond
Summary: The Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) is conducting a new study on neutron to mirror-neutron oscillations using stored ultracold neutrons. The experiment features a large storage vessel to enhance statistical sensitivity. With the demonstrated performance, the study aims to detect or exclude potential signals consistent with neutron to mirror-neutron oscillations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zurab Berezhiani
Summary: This article discusses the oscillation of neutron n into mirror neutron n ' and the transformation of an ordinary neutron star into a mixed star, as well as the potential implications of the reverse process occurring in mirror neutron stars, particularly in relation to baryon asymmetry. It also highlights the presence of antimatter in mirror neutron stars and the potential pathways for its production.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Benedetta Belfatto, Zurab Berezhiani
Summary: The paper discusses the origin of fermion mass hierarchies and mixing patterns and proposes a modification to explain the relations between fermion masses and mixing angles. By introducing an asymmetry between the 23 and 32 entries in the down-quark Yukawa matrix, the paper shows that this flavor structure can naturally emerge in models with inter-family SU(3)(H) symmetry, and its predictions are compatible with experimental data.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
R. Orford, N. Vassh, J. A. Clark, G. C. McLaughlin, M. R. Mumpower, D. Ray, G. Savard, R. Surman, F. Buchinger, D. P. Burdette, M. T. Burkey, D. A. Gorelov, J. W. Klimes, W. S. Porter, K. S. Sharma, A. A. Valverde, L. Varriano, X. L. Yan
Summary: The article describes a nuclear mass survey of rare-earth isotopes conducted with the Canadian Penning Trap mass spectrometer, focusing on the role of mass in the formation of the r-process rare-earth abundance peak, and using MCMC technique for mass predictions. The results demonstrate that the mass surface trends are most consistent with MCMC mass predictions.
