Article
Immunology
Debabrata Chowdhury, Jason C. Gardner, Abhijit Satpati, Suba Nookala, Santhosh Mukundan, Aleksey Porollo, Julio A. Landero Figueroa, Kavitha Subramanian Vignesh
Summary: This study reveals a negative regulation role of MT3 in controlling non-canonical inflammasome activation, by increasing intracellular zinc levels to inhibit caspase-11. MT3 suppresses activation of caspase-11 inflammasome and synergizes with caspase-11 in impairing antibacterial immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yang Wang, Tianyu Yu, Yi Han, Yazhi He, Yiran Song, Leiming Guo, Liwei An, Chunying Yang, Feng Wang
Summary: This study reveals the key regulatory role of Mad2 phosphorylation in checkpoint defects and DNA damage repair in ATM-deficient cells. ATM negatively regulates the phosphorylation of Mad2, causing decreased DNA damage repair capacity and resistance to cancer cell radiotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paula Anton-Pampols, Clara Diaz-Requena, Laura Martinez-Valenzuela, Francisco Gomez-Preciado, Xavier Fulladosa, Anna Vidal-Alabro, Joan Torras, Nuria Lloberas, Juliana Draibe
Summary: This review describes the characteristics, activation mechanisms, regulation, and functions of different inflammasomes, and discusses the latest findings on the role of the inflammasome in several glomerulonephritis from in vitro, animal, and human studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
X. X. Tian, R. Li, C. Liu, F. Liu, L. J. Yang, S. P. Wang, C. L. Wang
Summary: The NLRP6-caspase 4 inflammasome was found to be upregulated and activated in inflamed human dental pulp tissue. Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS upregulated the expression of NLRP6, CASP1, and CASP4 in HDPCs in a type I interferon dependent manner. After LPS priming, cytosolic Streptococcus mutans LTA triggered NLRP6-caspase 4 inflammasome activation.
INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Holly J. Hulsebus, Kevin M. Najarro, Rachel H. McMahan, Devin M. Boe, David J. Orlicky, Elizabeth J. Kovacs
Summary: Alcohol consumption increases the risk of infections, particularly pneumococcal pneumonia. Pneumonia patients with alcohol use require more intensive treatment and longer hospital stays. Alcohol consumption affects the immune response in the respiratory tract.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Abdulraouf Ramadan, Zhiyi Cao, Mujtaba Hassan, Fredrik Zetterberg, Ulf J. Nilsson, Mihaela Gadjeva, Vijay Rathinam, Noorjahan Panjwani
Summary: In this study, researchers found that galectin-8 (Gal-8), a carbohydrate-binding protein, plays an important role in regulating the innate immune response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. Gal-8-/- mice were resistant to the infection, while mice deficient in other galectins were susceptible. The addition of exogenous Gal-8 suppressed the activation of the TLR4 pathway and improved bacterial killing capacity by neutrophils. Moreover, injecting a Gal-8 inhibitor reduced the severity of infection in a mouse model. These findings have implications for developing new therapeutic strategies for conditions resulting from an overactive immune response.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Stavros P. Papadakos, Nikolaos Dedes, Elias Kouroumalis, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: This article explores the impact of the NLRP3 inflammasome on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and presents a hypothesis about its potential role. Hepatotropic viruses avoid the NLRP3 inflammasome to sustain chronic infection leading to cirrhosis, while the activation of NLRP3 promotes pro-tumorigenic effects in established tumors. Therefore, studying the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in HCC is of great importance in identifying new therapeutic targets.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julie Belliere, Audrey Casemayou, Eloise Colliou, Helene El Hachem, Clement Kounde, Alexis Piedrafita, Guylene Feuillet, Joost P. Schanstra, Stanislas Faguer
Summary: Studies have shown that ibrutinib does not prevent the progression of AKI and may even lead to more severe rhabdomyolysis and AKI, making it unsuitable as a candidate drug for patients with AKI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anukriti Mathur, Callum Kay, Yansong Xue, Abhimanu Pandey, Jiwon Lee, Weidong Jing, Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu, Jordan Lo Pilato, Shouya Feng, Chinh Ngo, Anyang Zhao, Cheng Shen, Melanie Rug, Lisa A. Miosge, Ines I. Atmosukarto, Jason D. Price, Sidra A. Ali, Elizabeth E. Gardiner, Avril A. B. Robertson, Milena M. Awad, Dena Lyras, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Si Ming Man
Summary: Two virulence factors, lecithinase and perfringolysin O, from the human bacterial pathogen Clostridium perfringens, activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in mice and humans, inducing inflammation and cell death. Lecithinase enters vesicular structures and induces lysosomal membrane destabilization, leading to the release of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongliang Zhang, Jie Gao, Yujie Tang, Tengchuan Jin, Jinhui Tao
Summary: Inflammasomes play a crucial role in both the innate and adaptive immune systems, acting as a bridge between these two components to maintain a fine balance in immune responses. Understanding the function of inflammasomes in lymphocytes can provide new insights into the mechanisms and treatment of various diseases, including autoimmune diseases and tumors.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zhi Huan Chew, Jianzhou Cui, Karishma Sachaphibulkij, Isabelle Tan, Shreya Kar, Kai Kiat Koh, Kritika Singh, Hong Meng Lim, Soo Chin Lee, Alan Prem Kumar, Stephan Gasser, Lina H. K. Lim
Summary: Intracellular recognition of tumor-derived nucleic acids can activate macrophages, leading to inflammasome activation in the tumor microenvironment, which initiates pro-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tan Zhang, Shuzhe Ding, Ru Wang
Summary: NLRP3 is a crucial pattern recognition receptor in the innate immune system, with mitochondria playing a key role in inflammasome activation. Exercise is considered an important intervention to regulate immune responses, with different types of training impacting NLRP3 inflammasome activation differently.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Jean M. Kanellopoulos, Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva, Sirje Ruutel Boudinot, David M. Ojcius
Summary: Extracellular nucleotides mediate activation through P2 and P1 receptors, with P2X4 receptor responding to ATP in lysosomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Chen, Xingyan Ye, Germaine Escames, Wangrui Lei, Xin Zhang, Meng Li, Tong Jing, Yu Yao, Zhenye Qiu, Zheng Wang, Dario Acuna-Castroviejo, Yang Yang
Summary: The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is crucial in regulating innate immune responses and has been implicated in various inflammation-related diseases. This review discusses the activation and regulatory mechanism of the NLRP3 inflammasome, its role in different diseases, and potential therapeutic strategies targeting this complex.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Andrew R. Griswold, Hsin-Che Huang, Daniel A. Bachovchin
Summary: The study demonstrates the functional role of NLRP1 inflammasome in human corneal epithelial cells and sheds light on the mechanism through which aberrant inflammasome activation causes corneal damage.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
A. K. M. Firoj Mahmud, Nicolas Delhomme, Soumyadeep Nandi, Maria Fallman
Summary: RNA-Seq technology has been widely used in studying pathogenic bacteria to identify gene expression differences. ProkSeq is a user-friendly, fully automated RNA-Seq data analysis pipeline specifically designed for prokaryotes, offering a variety of options for differential expression analysis, normalization, and data visualization.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Felix Breyer, Anetta Hartlova, Teresa Thurston, Helen R. Flynn, Probir Chakravarty, Julia Janzen, Julien Peltier, Tiaan Heunis, Ambrosius P. Snijders, Matthias Trost, Steven C. Ley
Summary: TPL-2 kinase mediates TLR activation of MAP kinases to modulate cytokine expression in myeloid cells, and also plays a crucial role in regulating phagosome maturation for efficient killing of phagocytosed microbes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pilar Samperio Ventayol, Petra Geiser, Maria Letizia Di Martino, Alexandra Florbrant, Stefan A. Fattinger, Naemi Walder, Eduardo Sima, Feng Shao, Nelson O. Gekara, Magnus Sundbom, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Jens Eriksson, Mikael E. Sellin
Summary: The study found that infection with Salmonella Typhimurium triggers focal contractions in intestinal epithelial cells, which are initiated by the NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome and can prevent infected cell death and expulsion, thereby protecting the integrity of the intestinal epithelium.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Franz Tatzber, Willibald Wonisch, Gyula Balka, Andras Marosi, Miklos Rusvai, Ulrike Resch, Meinrad Lindschinger, Sabrina Moerkl, Gerhard Cvirn
Summary: The study demonstrates that hypertonic saline can effectively reduce infectious viral load on treated masks, enhancing the protective effect against viruses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hui Jiang, Patrycja Swacha, Nelson O. Gekara
Summary: Mice lacking ALRs are resistant to radiation-induced BM injury, as nuclear ALRs act as inhibitors of DNA repair, accelerating genome destabilization, micronuclei generation, and cell death. The study uncovers ALRs as potential targets for interventions against genotoxic tissue injury and as potential biomarkers for predicting the outcome of radio/chemotherapy.
Article
Cell Biology
Anita Pirabe, Stefan Heber, Waltraud C. Schrottmaier, Anna Schmuckenschlager, Sonja Treiber, David Pereyra, Jonas Santol, Erich Pawelka, Marianna Traugott, Christian Schoergenhofer, Tamara Seitz, Mario Karolyi, Bernd Jilma, Ulrike Resch, Alexander Zoufaly, Alice Assinger
Summary: The study found that elderly COVID-19 patients may experience immune response dysregulation, highlighting the importance of longitudinal monitoring to understand the impact of various factors on the complex pathogenesis of the disease.
Article
Immunology
Saskia F. Erttmann, Patrycja Swacha, Kyaw Min Aung, Bjorn Brindefalk, Hui Jiang, Anetta Hartova, Bernt Eric Uhlin, Sun N. Wai, Nelson O. Gekara
Summary: This study revealed the modulation of systemic immunity and response to viral infection by gut commensals. Peripheral cGAS-STING activation plays a crucial role in promoting host resistance to systemic viral infections.
Article
Oncology
Raphael Koch, Hans Gelderblom, Lianne Haveman, Benedicte Brichard, Heribert Juergens, Sona Cyprova, Henk van den Berg, Wolf Hassenpflug, Anna Raciborska, Torben Ek, Daniel Baumhoer, Gerardine Egerer, Hans Theodor Eich, Marleen Renard, Peter Hauser, Stefan Burdach, Judith Bovee, Fiona Bonar, Peter Reichardt, Jarmila Kruseova, Jendrik Hardes, Thomas Kuhne, Torsten Kessler, Stephane Collaud, Marie Bernkopf, Trude Butterfass-Bahloul, Catharina Dhooge, Sebastian Bauer, Janos Kiss, Michael Paulussen, Angela Hong, Andreas Ranft, Beate Timmermann, Jelena Rascon, Volker Vieth, Jukka Kanerva, Andreas Faldum, Markus Metzler, Wolfgang Hartmann, Lars Hjorth, Vivek Bhadri, Uta Dirksen
Summary: The study evaluated the effect of high-dose chemotherapy followed by reinfusion of autologous hematopoietic stem cells on survival in high-risk Ewing sarcoma patients. The results showed no benefit of TreoMel-HDT for the entire cohort, but it may be beneficial for patients younger than 14 years. This observation is supported by other studies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Ivo Fabrik, Orsolya Bilkei-Gorzo, Maria Oberg, Daniela Fabrikova, Johannes Fuchs, Carina Sihlbom, Melker Goransson, Anetta Hartlova
Summary: Resident tissue macrophages are specialized phagocytes responsible for maintaining tissue homeostasis. A quantitative proteomics approach identified cathepsins as key determinants of phagosome maturation in different tissues. Cathepsin K (CtsK) was found to be a molecular marker in lung phagosomes, required for intracellular protein and collagen degradation. Inhibition of CtsK activity reduced phagosomal proteolysis and collagenolysis in lung-resident macrophages. These findings highlight the importance of CtsK in lung phagosomes and its role in phagocytic collagen clearance in the lungs.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2023)
Review
Virology
Franz Tatzber, Willibald Wonisch, Ulrike Resch, Wolfgang Strohmaier, Meinrad Lindschinger, Sabrina Moerkl, Gerhard Cvirn
Summary: There is little doubt that final victories over pandemics, such as COVID-19, are attributed to herd immunity, either through post-disease convalescence or active immunization of a high percentage of the world's population with vaccines, which demonstrate protection from infection and transmission and are available in large quantities at reasonable prices. However, it is assumable that humans with immune defects or immune suppression, e.g., as a consequence of allograft transplantation, cannot be immunized actively nor produce sufficient immune responses to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections. These subjects desperately need other strategies, such as sophisticated protection measures and passive immunization.
Article
Cell Biology
Huriye Ercan, Ulrike Resch, Felicia Hsu, Goran Mitulovic, Andrea Bileck, Christopher Gerner, Jae-Won Yang, Margarethe Geiger, Ingrid Miller, Maria Zellner
Summary: Proteomics is an essential analytical technique for studying biological systems using different proteins. The study compared the qualitative and quantitative performance of two commonly used proteomics techniques, label-free shotgun and 2D-DIGE, using six technical and three biological replicates of the human prostate carcinoma cell line DU145. The results showed that label-free shotgun quickly provides an annotated proteome but with reduced robustness compared to 2D-DIGE, which offers qualitative and quantitative information on proteoforms and post-translational modifications. However, the 2D-DIGE technique requires more time and manual work. Ultimately, this work highlights the different outputs and applications of these two techniques for biological research.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Saskia F. Erttmann, Nelson O. Gekara
Summary: This article describes a protocol for enriching bacterial membrane vesicles from serum and colon, which can be adapted for other tissues. The protocol involves pre-clearing serum or colon fluids using 0.2-mm syringe filters, concentrating the vesicles using centrifugal filter devices, isolating the vesicles with qEV size exclusion columns, and concentrating the isolated vesicle fractions for downstream analyses. For more detailed information on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Erttmann et al. (2022).
Article
Oncology
Philip Heesen, Andreas Ranft, Vivek Bhadri, Benedicte Brichard, Stephane Collaud, Sona Cyprova, Hans Eich, Torben Ek, Hans Gelderblom, Jendrik Hardes, Lianne Haveman, Susanne Jabar, Wolfgang Hartmann, Dimosthenis Andreou, Peter Hauser, Josephine Kersting, Heribert Juergens, Jukka Kanerva, Thomas Kuehne, Anna Raciborska, Jelena Rascon, Arne Streitbuerger, Beate Timmermann, Yasmin Uhlenbruch, Uta Dirksen
Summary: This study analyzed the association between local therapy and event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and local recurrence (LR) in patients with Ewing sarcoma. The results showed that in certain situations, combination therapy with radiotherapy and surgery can improve the prognosis of patients. This provides important evidence for the personalized treatment of Ewing sarcoma.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Letter
Cell Biology
Hui Jiang, Patrycja Swacha, Kyaw Min Aung, Nelson O. Gekara
