Article
Energy & Fuels
Arturo Cabello, Teresa Mendiara, M. Teresa Izquierdo, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Alberto Abad
Summary: This study investigated the use of a low-cost Fe-based residue as an oxygen carrier in the Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) and Chemical Looping Reforming (CLR) processes with biogas. The results showed that the methane combustion efficiency in the CLC process was higher (around 86%) compared to other low-cost Fe-based materials. The dry reforming of biogas in the CLR process achieved about 55% methane conversion and a yield of 1.3 mol (CO + H2)/mol CH4 for syngas production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fang Liu, Weiliao Kang, Chen Song, Zhixuan Jia, Wenbin Chen, Li Yang
Summary: This study conducted experiments to investigate the attrition behavior of an iron-based oxygen carrier under different conditions in chemical looping combustion, revealing the importance of chemical stress on attrition and proposing the attrition mechanism of the oxygen carrier. The results show a dynamic increase process of contribution of chemical stress to attrition and a dominance of chemical stress after a certain number of cycles, indicating the significance of understanding and managing chemical stress in optimizing the performance of chemical looping combustion systems.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zichen Di, Duygu Yilmaz, Arijit Biswas, Fangqin Cheng, Henrik Leion
Summary: Industrial materials containing spinel ferrite structure can be potential substitutes for synthetic oxygen carriers in chemical looping combustion, showing similar reactivity and stability but lower oxygen transport capacity.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Avishek Goel, Arnold Ismailov, Elyas M. Moghaddam, Chao He, Jukka Konttinen
Summary: Biomass Chemical Looping Gasification (BCLG) is a cost-effective and efficient alternative to conventional gasification. The study investigated various oxygen carriers (OCs), including industrial wastes, residential waste, and natural ore, and evaluated their reactivity, selectivity, material strength, and sintering behavior. Nickel slag calcined at 1100 degrees C was identified as the most promising OC material for BCLG, with optimal reactivity, selectivity, material strength, and minimal sintering.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xianming Cheng, Zhenhua Gu, Fashe Li, Xing Zhu, Yonggang Wei, Min Zheng, Dong Tian, Hua Wang, Kongzhai Li
Summary: Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a promising technology for CO2 capture with low energy consumption, but carbon deposition from methane poses a challenge. This study investigated carbon formation behaviors of four typical oxygen carriers (OCs) and proposed a strategy to eliminate carbon by arranging them in a fixed-bed reactor. The findings show that NiO/ZrO2 OC is prone to carbon formation, while CuO/SiO2 OC has high CH4 conversion and minimal carbon formation. Mixing these OCs in a suitable sequence can significantly enhance CLC efficiency and resistance to carbon deposition.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuoxin Zhang, Yuchuan Feng, Xin Guo
Summary: The study found that copper doping enhanced the activities of iron-based oxygen carriers, but excessive copper would reduce their reactivity due to melting and agglomeration. Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H-2-TPR) analysis, fixed-bed experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that Cu promoted the deep reduction of Fe2O3. The oxygen carrier doped with 1 wt % CuO was the most suitable material for CLH, with the highest hydrogen yield sustained at a high and stable level in multiple redox cycles.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Richard A. Newby, Dale L. Keairns, Robert W. Stevens
Summary: The objective of this study was to estimate the cost of commercial production of oxygen carriers (OCs) for large-scale application in the chemical looping combustion (CLC) power generation industry. Two production facility scenarios were considered, and two OC production techniques were addressed. The estimated OC product costs can be used to guide development and determine the maximum OC makeup rate for achieving a designated cost-of-electricity (COE) reduction goal.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Beatriz Zornoza, Teresa Mendiara, Alberto Abad
Summary: Manganese-iron mixed oxides were prepared as oxygen carrier materials using low-cost raw materials, achieving the desired particle size and permanent magnetic properties. These materials exhibited high reactivity with H-2, CO and CH4 under chemical looping conditions.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yunchang Dong, Yanan Wang, Jinchen Ma, Hengfeng Bu, Chuanbao Zheng, Haibo Zhao
Summary: In this study, composite oxygen carriers were prepared using extrusion-spheronization method with fine iron and copper ores as raw materials and inert aluminosilicates as binders. After optimization, the oxygen carriers showed good performance in terms of reactivity and stability, indicating the suitability of the method for large-scale preparation of oxygen carrier particles.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shouxi Jiang, Laihong Shen, Jingchun Yan, Xin Niu, Bin Hu
Summary: The study investigated Cu-Fe bimetallic oxygen carriers (OCs) supported by SiO2, Al2O3, or hematite in a fluidized-bed reactor. It was found that CuFe-He and CuFe-Al OCs performed better than CuFe-Si OC, with the latter leading to deactivation due to irreversible interaction. Hematite was identified as an excellent support candidate for manufacturing Cu-Fe OCs. Additionally, maintaining a high O/C ratio and increasing reaction temperature above 850 degrees C promoted coal conversion efficiency in chemical looping combustion.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wei-Hsin Chen, Kuan-Hsiang Chen, Aristotle T. Ubando, Wen-Jhy Lee, Man -Hin Chio
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) using iron-based oxygen carriers can efficiently capture carbon dioxide and produce high yields of CO2 and H2O under specific operating conditions. Fe3O4 and Fe2O3 are the major components of iron in OCs during most reduction and oxidation reactions. Decreasing oxygen input leads to increased carbon formation in the system.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Felix Donat, Agnieszka Kierzkowska, Christoph R. Muller
Summary: In chemical looping, using Fe and Co as the main and side reaction metals can effectively reduce the extent of carbon deposition and improve the catalytic effect of oxygen carriers on methane decomposition.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ying Li, Yanan Wang, Kunlei Liu, Haibo Zhao
Summary: This study explores the advantages of Cu/Fe-based composite oxygen carriers in terms of cyclic reactivity and kinetic parameters, providing guidance and optimization methods for the design of low-cost oxygen carriers.
Article
Thermodynamics
Feng Liu, Jing Liu, Yu Li, Ruixue Fang, Yingju Yang
Summary: The study found that spinel NiFe2O4 can be directly reduced into Ni-Fe alloy in CO atmosphere, with a reaction rate two times faster than Fe2O3. Factors such as reaction temperature, CO concentration, and heating rate can enhance the reactivity of NiFe2O4. The reactivity of lattice oxygen in NiFe2O4 is primarily influenced by the coordination environment of oxygen formed by different Ni/Fe atoms.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Li Yang, Wenbin Chen, Chen Song, Caifu Li, Jinlong Chen, Xi Zhang, Fang Liu
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a technique that utilizes oxygen carriers (OCs) to transfer oxygen and heat between fuel reactor and air reactor. The attrition of OCs is a major impediment to the large-scale application of CLC technology. In this study, the effects of different biomass ashes on the reactivity and attrition resistance of red mud OCs were investigated. The results showed that the rape straw ash promoted the reactivity of OCs, while the bagasse ash improved the attrition resistance. The corn straw ash was found to be an effective material for strengthening the skeleton structure of OCs, enhancing both reactivity and attrition resistance.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Arturo Cabello, Alberto Abad, Maria T. Izquierdo, P. Gayan, Luis F. de Diego, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a cost-effective technology for CO2 capture, and the development of reliable oxygen carrier materials is essential for its scale-up. A low-cost method using thermogravimetric analysis has been developed to accelerate the identification of long-lasting materials.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Alberto Abad, Luis F. de Diego, Juan Adanez
Summary: The use of bio-oil produced by biomass fast pyrolysis in Chemical Looping Reforming can efficiently generate hydrogen gas while reducing carbon deposition.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ivan Sampron, Luis F. de Diego, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Maria T. Izquierdo, Juan Adanez
Summary: A major challenge in biomass chemical looping gasification (BCLG) is converting CH4 to syngas for bioliquid fuel production. This study evaluates the catalytic effect of oxygen carriers on CH4 reforming reaction in BCLG process. Synthetic oxygen carriers, especially Cu-based carrier at high temperature, show better catalytic performance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Ivan Sampron, Maria Teresa Izquierdo, Alberto Abad, Pilar Gayan, Juan Adanez
Summary: This study investigates the combustion and CO2 capture efficiency of coal and biomass using a magnetic Cu-based oxygen carrier. The results show that complete combustion of the fuel to CO2 and H2O can be achieved, with CO2 capture efficiency reaching up to 97% at the appropriate temperature.
Article
Energy & Fuels
M. de las Obras Loscertales, A. Abad, F. Garcia-Labiano, L. F. de Diego, P. Gayan, J. Adanez
Summary: Four different physico-chemical characteristics of Ca-based sorbents were evaluated as suitable precursors for CaSO4-based oxygen carriers in CLC systems.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alberto Abad, Raul Perez-Vega, Maria Teresa Izquierdo, Pilar Gayan, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Luis F. de Diego, Juan Adanez
Summary: Different chemical looping processes using metal oxide based material as oxygen carrier allow for the combustion or gasification of solid fuels and capture of CO2, improving efficiency. The challenge lies in separating the oxygen carrier from the ash, which requires the recovery of synthetic oxygen carriers. This study focuses on designing low reactive Mn-Fe based materials with magnetic properties as support material for highly reactive phases, exhibiting suitable mechanical and magnetic characteristics for solid separation.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alberto Abad, Pilar Gayan, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Luis F. de Diego, Maria T. Izquierdo, Teresa Mendiara, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is an innovative technology that combines fuel combustion with CO2 capture using oxygen carriers. This study investigated the performance of CuO/Al2O3 and Fe2O3/Al2O3 particles as oxygen carriers in a CLC unit, and developed a mathematical model to simulate their behavior. The model successfully predicted the combustion performance of these materials in both a smaller-scale unit and a larger-scale unit.
GREENHOUSE GASES-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Tobias Mattisson, Marijke Jacobs, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical Looping with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) is a technology that separates the oxygen for fuel combustion using an oxygen carrier in a fuel reactor. This study investigates the behavior of Mn/Mg/Si system as oxygen carriers for CLOU. The most reactive oxygen carriers without Si in the structure were found to be M24Mg76 and M48Mg51. These carriers showed good reactivity and mechanical stability in a batch fluidized bed reactor.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Amirhossein Filsouf, Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Teresa Mendiara, Alberto Abad, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) process utilizes two interconnected fluidized bed reactors, where Cu-based oxygen carriers containing a kaolin-reinforced MnFe mixed oxide as a magnetic support were prepared to improve their properties. The effects of kaolin concentration and calcination temperature on the carriers' magnetic permeability, crushing strength, attrition, agglomeration resistance, and reactivity were studied. Two oxygen carriers containing 28.5 wt% CuO-5 wt% kaolin and 30 wt% CuO-7.5 wt% kaolin, respectively, both calcined at 1100 degrees C, showed improved mechanical resistance and maintained their magnetic properties and reactivity.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Margarita de las Obras Loscertales, Alberto Abad, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Juan A. C. Ruiz, Juan Adanez
Summary: The use of bio-ethanol in chemical looping combustion and reforming has the potential to produce energy and/or hydrogen, as well as remove CO2 from the atmosphere. This study examines the kinetics of ethanol conversion using a NiO-based material as the oxygen carrier. Experiment results suggest that ethanol decomposition products, rather than direct reduction with ethanol, are responsible for NiO reduction. The high temperature kinetics of ethanol conversion processes were determined, and a reaction pathway was proposed for detailed fuel reactor models.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Oscar Condori, Alberto Abad, Maria T. Izquierdo, Luis F. de Diego, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Juan Adanez
Summary: In this study, the Biomass Chemical Looping Gasification (BCLG) process was evaluated using wheat straw pellets and ilmenite as the fuel feedstock and oxygen carrier respectively. The effect of different operational variables on process performance and syngas yield was analyzed, and no agglomeration issues were observed during the smooth operation of the CLG unit. The oxygen transference rate in the fuel reactor was found to be the main factor affecting syngas yield and cold gas efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Amirhossein Filsouf, Merve Durmaz, Teresa Mendiara, Pilar Gayan, Juan Adanez
Summary: This study focuses on testing a Cu-based oxygen carrier with enhanced mechanical properties due to the addition of kaolin in the combustion of different biomass types in a continuous CLOU unit. Complete combustion of the biomass types was achieved and higher CO2 capture efficiencies were observed at 800-950 degrees C compared to without kaolin doping. The oxygen carrier retained its magnetic properties without any agglomeration problems after 80 hours of hot circulation operation.